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IN THE UNITED STATES
BY -- JOHN EDGAR HOGVER, virector-- F Bl
sae
FOR RELEASE
TUESDAY P.M., AUGUST 31, 1971
PRINTED ANNUALLY
EE
UNIFORM
CRIME
REPORTS
for the United States
a
PRINTED ANNUALLY—1970
2 3
oF pens
Apvisory: Committee on Uniform Crime Records t v
International Association of Chiefs of Police Se POLICE a
S SG
J. Edgar Hoover, Director, Federal Pureau of Investigation
U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, D.C. 20535
For sale by the Senndunenitinn of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price $1.75
Stock Number 2701-0008
Contents
Crime and population
Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter
ET NING «5. i. nicer chee dha cial sesennnanieinekainseenete hi 10-12
Persons charged
Careers in Crime
Police employee data
Police killed data
Introduction
The Index of Crime, 1970
United States, 1970 (table 1)
United States, 1960 to 1970 (table 2)
United States, 1969-1970, by regions, geographic divisions and
states (table 3)
States (table 4)
Standard metropolitan statistical areas (table 5)
General United States crime statistics, 1970
Crime trends, 1969-1970, by population groups (table 6) 100-101
Crime trends, 1969-1970, suburban and nonsuburban cities, by
population groups (table 7)
Crime trends, 1969-1970, suburban and nonsuburban counties by
population groups (table 8)
Crime rates, by population groups (table 9)
Crime rates, suburban and nonsuburban cities, by population
groups (table 10)
Crime rates, suburban and nonsuburban counties, by population
groups (table 11)
Offenses known, cleared by arrest, by population groups (table
Offenses known, cleared by arrest, by geographic divisions (table
Offenses cleared by arrest of persons under 18 years of age (table
Disposition of persons formally charged by the police (table 15)... 114
Persons charged-percent arrested or summoned (table 16)
iv
General United States crime statistics, 1970—Continued Page
Offenses known, cleared, persons arrested, charged and disposed
SER ccinacindsndbdediepctinn nko ael 115
Police disposition of juvenile offenders taken into custody (table 18). 116
a IS DIE Wie ihn cats acd cin dudns cabeuees 117
Type and value of property stolen and recovered (table 20) _____-_- 117
Murder victims—weapons used (table 21)__._-_.._......______- 118
Murder victims by age, sex and race (table 22)_____.____________ 118
OIE s 60 kiawattenas enna ene 119-159
Number and rate by population group (table 23)_____________- 120-121
Arrest trends, 1960-1970 (table 24)......--------...------_-_.- 122
Arrest trends, 1965-1970 (table 25)____.___-___-_-_-___-___ Le 123
Arrest trends by sex, 1960-1970 (table 26)______._.____________- 124
Total arrest trends, 1969-1970 (table 27)____.._._____-_______- 125
Total arrests by age group (table 28)___-_____--___-_-_-____- 126-127
Total arrests of persons under 15, under 18, under 21, and under
SO cationic tien newneccinnaiat nee 128
Total arrests, distribution by sex (table 30) _.-___...._.__.._____ 129
Total arrest trends by sex, 1969-1970 (table 31)_-_______________ 130
Total arrests by race (table 32)___.........-.---------...--- 131-133
City arrest trends, 1969-1970 (table 33)_......-------------_-_- 134
City arrests by age (table $4)... ..........2.22....-05020 135-136
City arrests of persons under 15, under 18, under 21, and under 25
RII sin go ok os dtc ceca sy criacacsnes ete ass 137
City arrests, distribution by sex (table 36)_--._------.-.__-____- 138
City arrest trends by sex, 1969-1970 (table 37)_-_.....-.__-____- 139
City earvests by race (table $8) . . ..........-.---2- 222222 140-142
Suburban arrest trends, 1969-1970 (table 39)___-___._.________- 143
Suburban arrests by age (table 40)____-----_----------._-.-- 144-145
Suburban arrests of persons under 15, under 18, under 21, and
weer es a a. ae ALS 146
Suburban arrests, distribution by sex (table 42)___-_...._._____- 147
Suburban arrests by race (table 43)_.......------------------ 148-150
Rural arrest trends, 1969-1970 (table 44)__________.___________- 151
Rural arrests by age (table 45)._.......--------------------- 152-153
Rural arrests of persons under 15, under 18, under 21, and under
ip eee Ge a, 238 hs a cL ee 154
Rural arrests, distribution by sex (table 47)___.-.-...---------- 155
Rural arrests by race (table 48) _-....------------.---------- 156-158
Suburban and rural arrest trends by sex, 1969-1970 (table 49)__._. 159
eulew cunplaves data, 2070.....5.-. 622 5c ew AL A 161-184
Full-time police employees; number, rate and range (table 50)__.._ 162
Full-time police officers; number, rate and range (table 51) _ -_---- 163
Civilian employees, percent of total (table 52)____.--_---------- 164
Police officers killed (table 53). .......--.--------------------- 164
Assaults on police officers by geographic divisions and population
ssn a orn cote wna vnstinnancnadtile 164
Assaults on police officers, percent distribution of weapons used
IIE 6 S80ro5ot On nnd wisn sie enw hnagesenees aera 165
Full-time state police and highway patrol employees, and police
RE GI i. nas anesiwesinceuiaens ieee aeons 165
Police employee data, 1970—Continued
Police employees in individual cities and suburban counties (tables
57, 58 and 59)
at na ene cen aren tania apie machine een grietn dia agilabinelie 166-184
Offenses in individual areas 25,000 and over by population groups
GE Wieratcnc aga tktneunandectenibansiexedecsdawes 185-201
Offenses in individual suburban counties (table 61)____...._______- 202-208
Page
Preface
In the last several years great strides have been made by law enforcement
in developing and implementing statewide programs to collect meaningful
crime statistics. The FBI is presently receiving Uniform Crime Reports data
from central state sources in ten states and is assisting in the development of
similar programs in an additional ten states for implementation in 1972. These
programs are an integral part of central state systems designed to provide
criminal justice information services. Statistical data on crime and the basic
activities of the crimirial justice ugencies are essential to each state if it is to
intelligently analyze che crime problem, plan for and evaluate the criminal
justice respouse.
Vital to the success of these state programs are adequate field staffs to
assist local agencies by counseling them in proper records management and
crime reporting practices. Administrative services of this kind provided by the
state agency should include periodic audits since conclusions drawn and
decisions made from the statistical information are only as valid as the reliability
of the data base.
The National Crime Information Center and its related state computer
systems, while initially established as operational information systems, will
increasingly provide valuable statistical] information as a by-product. With the
addition, in the near future, of offenders’ criminal history records, a ready
source becomes available for in depth research, particularly that aimed at
evaluating criminal justice measures. Progress is being made in adapting new
technology to meet the needs in this area, however, it must be again stressed
that proper and accurate recording of data is vital. We all share a most
important responsibility to constantly improve on identification, communica-
tion, information collecting and processing techniques if we expect to derive
from these systems more meaningful and rewarding results.
yo
JoHN Epgar Hoover, Director
Crime Factors
Uniform Crime Reports give a nationwide view of crime based on police
statistics made possible by the voluntary cooperation of local law enforcement
agencies. Since the factors which cause crime are many and vary from place to
place, readers are cautioned against drawing conclusions from direct com-
parisons of crime figures between individual communities without first con-
sidering the factors involved. The national material summarized in this publi-
cation should be used, however, as a starting point to determine deviations of
individual cities from the national averages.
Crime is a social problem and the concern of the entire community. The
law enforcement effort is limited to factors within its control. Some of the
conditions which will affect the amount and type of crime that occurs from place
to place are briefly outlined below:
Density and size of the community population and the metropolitan area
of which it is a part.
Composition of the population with reference particularly to age, sex and
race.
Economic status and mores of the population.
Relative stability of population, including commuters, seasonal, and other
transient types.
Climate, including seasonal weather conditions.
Educational, recreational, and religious characteristics.
Effective strength of the police force.
Standards governing appointments to the police force.
Policies of the prosecuting officials and the courts.
Attitude of the public toward law enforcement problems.
The administrative and investigative efficiency of the local law enforcement
agency, including the degree of adherence to crime reporting standards.
Summary
This section is for readers who are interested in the general crime picture for
the United States. The volume, trend and rate of crime related to current
population are discussed in context with the Crime Index offenses—murder and
nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary,
larceny $50 and over in value and auto theft. In addition, Crime Index offenses are
treated individually to better delineate the nature of these criminal acts. Arrests,
persons charged, clearances of crime, police employee data, police killed, and police
assaults are discussed. Statistical data concerning the criminal recidivism of persons
who have at least on one occasion during their criminal career become involved in
the commission of a federal offense are also examined. In subsequent sections
technical data of interest primarily to police, social scientists and other students
are presented. If you desire assistance in the interpretation of any information in
this publication, please communicate with the Director, Federal Bureau of Investiga-
tion, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, D.C. 20536.
CRIME AND POPULATION
1960 - 1970
PERCENT CHANGE OVER 1960
CRIME RATE
up 144%
POPULATION
uP 13%
0
1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
CRIME = CRIME INDEX OFFENSES
CRIME RATE = NUMBER OF OFFENSES PER 100,000 POPULATION
FBI CHART
CRIMES OF VIOLENCE
1960 - 1970
PERCENT CHANGE OVER 1960
VIOLENT CRIME
aw! uP 156%
RATE
ay uP 126%
1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
LIMITED TO MURDER, FORCIBLE RAPE, ROBBERY AND AGGRAVATED ASSAULT
FBI CHART
Chart 3
CRIMES AGAINST PROPERTY
1960 - 1970
PERCENT CHANGE OVER 1960
PROPERTY CRIME
-4+f——+-+- ;—
RA ee
ob i ot a eo
ed aed
++ Aft +
"960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
LIMITED TO BURGLARY, LARCENY $50 AND OVER, AND AUTO THEFT
FBI CHART
CRIME INDEX TOTALS
The Uniform Crime Reporting Program
employs seven crime classifications to establish
an index to measure the trend and distribution
of crime in the United States. These crimes—
murder, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault,
burglary, larceny $50 and over in value, and auto
theft—are counted by law enforcement agencies
as the crimes become known to them. These
crimes were selected for use in the Crime Index
because, as a group, they represent the most
common local crime problem. They are all serious
crimes, either by their very nature or due to the
volume in which they occur. Offenses of murder,
forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault
are categorized as violent crimes. Offenses of
burglary, larceny $50 and over in value, and auto
theft are classed as crimes against property.
It is believed desirable to point out that there
is no way of determining the total number of
crimes which are committed. Many criminal
acts occur which are not reported to official
sources. In light of this fact, the best source for
obtaining a count of crime is the next logical
universe, namely, crimes which come to police
attention. The crimes used in the Crime Index
are those considered to be most consistently
reported to police and the computations of crime
trends and crime rates are prepared using this
universe—offenses known to police.
The crime counts set forth in this publication
are actual offenses established by police investi-
gation. When police receive a complaint of a
crime and the follow-up investigation discloses
no crime occurred it is ‘‘unfounded.” On a national
average, police investigations ‘“unfound” 4 percent
of the citizen complaints concerning Crime Index
offenses ranging from 3 percent in the larceny
classification to 18 percent in forcible rape com-
plaints. Unfounded complaints are eliminated
from these crime counts.
In calendar year 1970 an estimated 5,568,200
Index offenses were reported to law enforcement
agencies, an 11 percent increase over 1969. The
violent crimes as a group made up 13 percent of
the Crime Index total and rose 12 percent, with
murder up 8 percent, forcible rape 2 percent,
robbery 17 percent, and aggravated assault 8
percent. Each of the voluminous property crimes
recorded an increase, which contributed to the
11 percent rise in this group of offenses represent-
ing 87 percent of the Crime Index total. Individ-
ually, burglary was up 11 percent, larceny $50
and over in value increased 15 percent, and auto
theft was up 6 percent. Since 1960, the violent
crimes as a group have increased 156 percent,
property crimes 180 percent, and the combined
Crime Index 176 percent in volume.
As in prior years the suburban areas continued
to show an above average rise in the volume of
crime with a 14 percent increase over 1969. The
large core cities having populations in excess of
250,000 were up 6 percent in volume and the rural
areas registered a 15 percent upswing. The
largest American cities over 1 million population
registered an average increase of 8 percent. As
noted in prior issues, while the suburban areas
continued to record sharp percentage upswings in
the volume of crime, a much higher level of
crime occurs in the large cities.
Crime increases were noted in each crime classifi-
cation and each geographic region with the volume
of crime in 1970 up 14 percent in the Southern
States, 12 percent in the North Central States, 11
percent in the Northeastern States, and 9 percent
in the Western States.
Estimated 1970 crime figures for the United
States are set forth in the following table.
CRIME AND POPULATION
Crime rates relate the incidence of crime to
population. From a realistic point of view, a
crime rate. should be considered as a victim risk
rate. The discussion that follows will demonstrate
that the risk of becoming a victim of crime in
this country is increasing and that population
growth cannot alone account for the crime
increases.
The Crime Index rate for the United States rose
from 2,477 offenses per 100,000 inhabitants in 1969
to 2,740 in 1970, an 11 percent increase in the
victim rate. The national crime rate, or the risk
of being a victim of one of these crimes, has in-
creased 144 percent since 1960. Many factors
influence the nature and extent of crime in a
particular community. A number of these factors
are shown on page vii of this publication. A crime
rate only takes into consideration the numerical
factor of population and does not incorporate
any of the other elements which contribute -to
the amount of crime in a given area. The statistical
Estimated crime 1970
Crime Index offenses = > ee
Rate per
Number 100,000
inhabitants
5, 568, 200 2, 740. 5
Percent change over 1969
Number Rate
National Crime, Rate, and Percent Change
Percent change over 1965 Percent change over 1960
Number Rate Number Rate
731, 400 360. 0
4, 836, 800 2, 380. 5
15, 810 7.8
37, 270 18.3
348, 380 171.5
329, 940 162, 4
2, 169, 300 1, 067.7
1, 746, 100 859. 4
921, 400 453. 5
Larceny $50 and over-_._........._-__-- ‘
Auto theft
tables in this publication disclose the varying
crime experiences, especially among large cities
and suburban communities, are affected by a
complex set of involved factors and are not solely
limited to numerical population differences. The
text tables set forth on these pages reveal the
variation in crime experience by geographic region
and particularly large core cities as contrasted
with the suburban and rural areas.
The above table discloses each crime category
recorded a rate increase ranging from 1 percent in
forcible rape to 16 percent in robbery offenses.
The number of crimes per unit of population is, as
expected, highest in the large metropolitan centers
and in those areas where the population is rapidly
increasing.
The accompanying charts illustrate the trend of
crime in the United States for 1960 through 1970
by showing percentage changes in volume and rate
of crime together with the population increase.
Crime Rate by Area, 1970
(Rate per 100,000 inhabitants]
Crime Index offenses
Crime Rate by Region, 1970
[Rate per 100,000 inhabitants]
North- | North | Southern] Western
Crime Index offenses eastern | Central | States States
2, 400. 2
362. 2 380. 0
2, 088. 0 3, 381.3
3, 761.4
11.2 6.4
18.0 23.9
130. 2 187.5
202. 7 187.3
960. 7 1, 541.8
750. 2 1, 269.3
327.1 570. 2
Separate charts provide similar information rela-
tive to crimes of violence and crimes against
property. Since 1960, the rate for crimes of violence
as a group increased 126 percent and property
crime rates rose 147 percent.
The reader’s attention is directed to the tables
containing arrest data which commence on
page 119 for additional information on the seven
Crime Index offenses, as well as arrest statistics for
other criminal acts.
MURDER AND NONNEGLIGENT
MANSLAUGHTER
This Crime Index offense includes all willful
killings without due process and is scored on the
basis of police investigation as opposed to any
decision of a court, coroner, jury or other judicial
body. Deaths caused by negligence are not in-
cluded in this category but are counted as man-
slaughter by negligence. Attempts to kill or
assaults to kill are scored as aggravated assaults
and not as murder. The crime count for this
offense classification also excludes suicides, ac-
cidental deaths and justifiable homicides.
Volume
In 1970, there were an estimated 15,810 murders
committed in the United States. This represents a
numerical increase of 1,220 over the 14,590
homicides recorded in 1969. This crime makes up
slightly more than 2 percent of the crimes of
violence and represents less than one-half of 1
percent of all Crime Index offenses.
The frequency of murder in 1970 was highest
during the period August through December, with
August and September representing the high
months of the year. In a breakdown by region, 45
percent of the murders in 1970 occurred in the
Southern States followed by the North Central
States with 23 percent, Northeastern States with
18 percent, and the Western States with 14 percent
of the total.
Trend
Murder increased 8 percent in 1970 over 1969.
The long term trend in this serious crime reveals
an increase from 9,000 in 1960 to 15,810 murders
in 1970. This is a rise of 76 percent. (Chart 4.)
Regionally, murder offenses rose 13 percent in
MURDER
1960 - 1970
PERCENT CHANGE OVER 1960
= = = == NUMBER OF OFFENSES UP 76 PERCENT
exes RATE PER 100,000 INHABITANTS UP 56 PERCENT
1960 1961 1962
1963 1964 1965
1968 1969 1970
1966 1967
FBI CHART
the Northeastern States, 8 percent in the North
Central States, and 7 percent in both the Western
and Southern States. Large core cities with 250,000
or more population and suburban areas had an 8
percent rise in the number of murders in 1970,
while rural areas experienced a 15 percent increase
in the number of murder offenses.
Murder Rate
There were 7.8 victims per 100,000 inhabitants
in 1970. This is a rise from the 7.2 murder rate
recorded in 1969 and represents an 8 percent
increase in the murder rate, 1970 over 1969.
Nationwide, cities with 250,000 or over in popu-
lation had a murder rate of 17.5 per 100,000
inhabitants, up 11 percent over 1969. In the
suburbs the murder rate was 3.8 per 100,000 while
the rate in the rural areas was 6.4 per 100,000
inhabitants.
As in past years, the number of murder victims
in proportion to population was highest in the
Southern States where the rate of 11.2 was 8
percent above 1969. In the North Central States a
rate of 6.5 was 7 percent above the prior year and
the Western States rate of 6.4 was up 5 percent.
The Northeastern States had a rate of 5.8 which
was 12 percent higher than the 1969 rate.
Nature of Murder
Through the use of a supplemental report,
details are collected on murder offenses to obtain
data on age, sex, and race of the victims, the
weapon used to commit the offenses and the
circumstances or motives which lead to the crime.
Males outnumbered females as victims of mur-
der by more than 3 to 1 in 1970, which is similar to
the experience in 1969. Nationwide, the ratio of
arrests for murder was more than five males to
each female. Forty-four of every 100 victims were
white and 55 were Negro. The remaining 1 percent
was distributed among all other races. It was
determined that six out of every ten murder
victims were between 20 and 45 years of age, with
the largest number, 30 percent, falling in the 20 to
29 age group.
Firearms continue to be the predominant
weapon used in murder, as illustrated in the
accompanying chart. For the year 1970, as in 1968
MURDER
BY TYPE OF WEAPON USED
1970
HANDGUN
RIFLE
SHOTGUN
CUTTING OR STABBING
OTHER WEAPON
(CLUB, POISON, etc.)
PERSONAL WEAPON
(HANDS, FISTS, FEET, etc.)
FBI CHART
and 1969, 65 percent of the homicide victims were
killed through the use of a firearm. As in prior years
handguns were again the predominate firearm
used, with 52 percent of the murders resulting
from the use of handguns, 8 percent from the use of
shotguns, and 5 percent of the murder victims died
from rifle wounds. Cutting or stabbing weapons
were used in 19 percent of the murders, other
weapons (blunt objects such as hammers and clubs,
poison, arson, explosives, drowning, etc.) in 8
percent, and in the remaining 8 percent of the
murders, personal weapons such as hands, fists
and feet were used.
An analysis of types of murder weapons by
region shows that in 1970 the Southern States led
in homicides by use of firearms with seven of every
ten victims succumbing from gunshot wounds.
Knives or other cutting instruments were used
most frequently as murder weapons in the North-
eastern States where three out of every ten homi-
cide victims died of cut or stab wounds. The use
of personal weapons resulting in murder by stran-
gulation and internal injuries was highest in the
Northeastern States and lowest in the Southern
States. Since 1964, murder through the use of a
firearm has more than doubled while use of 2. cut-
ting or stabbing instrument has increased 35
percent.
Murder, type of weapon used
[Percent distribution]
Total Knife or | Other
all Fire- other | weapon; | Personal
Region cutting club, | weapons
a arms
Northeastern States
North Central States__..
Southern States
As it has been pointed out in prior issues of this
publication, police are powerless to prevent a large
number of these crimes, which is made readily
apparent from the circumstances or motives which
surround criminal homicide. The significant fact
emerges that most murders are committed by
relatives of the victim or persons acquainted with
the victim. It follows, therefore, that criminal
homicide is, to a major extent, a national social
problem beyond police prevention. In 1970,
killings within the family made up about one-
fourth of all murders. Over one-half of these
involved spouse killing spouse and the remainder
involved other family killings such as parents
killing children and other in-family relationship
type murders. In this Program, felony murder is
defined as those killings resulting from robberies,
sex motives, gangland slayings, and other felonious
activities. These known and suspected felonious
killings comprise 29 percent of the total murder
offenses in 1970, up from 27 percent in 1969 and 25
percent known or suspected felonious homicides in
1968. The following table demonstrates by geo-
graphic region the percentage of murder by type or
circumstance in 1970.
During 1970, 7 percent of the murders were the
result of romantic triangles or lovers’ quartels.
More than four of every ten were the direct
result of arguments outside the family unit and
not involving the romantic triangle situations. It
is known that the persons participating in these
arguments were most frequently acquainted prior
to the fatal act.
In situations involvirig husband and wife, the
wife was the victim in 54 percent of the cases and
the husband in 46 percent. In these incidents,
47 percent of the victims were white, 52 percent
were Negro and the remaining 1 percent other
race or race not stated.
Murder by circumstance
[Percent distribution]
Parent
439-758 O- 71-2
Other Romantic
triangle Other
and —— arguments
In lovers’ quarrels, the females were the victims
in 55 percent of the murders, but when a third
party entered the scene to complete a romantic
triangle, a male was the victim in 93 percent of
the confrontations.
The victims of felony-type murders were 64
percent white, 35 percent Negro, and 1 percent
other race or race not stated.
Clearances
Nationwide, police continue to be successful in
clearing or solving by arrest a higher percentage of
the murder cases than any other Crime Index
offense. In 1970, 86 percent of the criminal
homicides were solved. Persons under 18 years of
age were involved in 6 percent of the willful
killings solved by the police.
Persons Arrested
Based on reports submitted by law enforcement
agencies, 10 percent of all persons arrested for
murder were under 18 years of age, and 43 percent
were under 25. The involvement of the young age
group under 18 years of age is indicated in the
long-term arrest trends for murder, 1960-1970,
where a 203 percent increase occurred. The
increase in adult arrests for murder during this
period was 94 percent. Numerically, the 20 to 24
year age group had the heaviest involvement
during 1970 with 23 percent of the total arrests
coming from within this age group. Negroes made
up 60 percent of the arrests for murder in 1970,
and 55 percent of the victims of homicide were
also Negroes. There was an 8 percent increase in
the number of arrests of females for murder in
1970.
Persons Charged
Law enforcement agencies’ reports disclose that
67 percent of all adults charged with murder in
1970 were prosecuted during the year. Forty-four
percent of the adults prosecuted were found
guilty as charged, and 15 percent were convicted
on some lesser charge. The remaining 41 percent
won release by acquittal or dismissal of the charges
against them. Of all individuals processed for
murder, 12 percent were juveniles who had their
cases referred to juvenile court jurisdiction.
AGGRAVATED ASSAULT
Aggravated assault is defined as an unlawful
attack by one person upon another for the purpose
of inflicting severe bodily injury usually accom-
10
panied by the use of a weapon or other means
likely to produce death or serious bodily harm.
Attempts are included since it is not necessary that
an injury result when a gun, knife, or other weapon
is used which could and probably would result in
serious personal injury if the crime was successfully
completed.
Volume
In calendar year 1970, there was an estimated
total of 329,940 aggravated assaults. This is an
increase of 23,520 offenses over the previous year.
This violent crime against the person made up over
6 percent of the Crime Index offenses in 1970 and
comprised 45 percent of the crimes of violence.
Regionally, the Southern States recorded 38 per-
cent of the total count of these crimes followed
by the North Central States 22 percent, while the
Northeastern and Western States each accounted
for 20 percent. As has been the experience in prior
years, the warm summer months recorded the high
frequencies during 1970. (See Chart 14.)
Trend
. In 1970, the volume of aggravated assault
offenses increased 8 percent over 1969 and 117
percent over 1960. Cities with 250,000 inhabitants
and over had a 3 percent increase in volume. The
suburban areas reported a 12 percent rise and rural
areas were up 7 percent. The Western States
reported an upward trend of 9 percent while
North Central States registered an increase of 5
percent. The Northeastern and Southern States
each recorded an increase of 8 percent.
Aggravated Assault Rate
For each 100,000 persons in the United States
during 1970, there were 162 victims of aggravated
assault. Large core cities 250,000 and over in
population recorded a victim rate of 334 per
100,000, suburban 102, and rural areas 90.
Overall, the victim rate for aggravated assault
increased 7 percent over 1969, and 92 percent
over 1960. (See Chart 6.) The Southern States
were again highest with a rate of 203 per 100,000
followed by the Western States 187, Northeastern
States 134, and the North Central States 127.
This victim rate was up 5 percent in large core
cities while the suburban area rate was up 7
percent and the rural area 5 percent.
Nature of Aggravated Assault
Most aggravated assaults occur within the
family unit, or among neighbors or acquaintances.
AGGRAVATED ASSAULT
1960 - 1970
PERCENT CHANGE OVER 1960
=ams NUMBER OF OFFENSES UP 117 PERCENT
eum RATE PER 100,000 INHABITANTS UP 92 PERCENT
10
1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
FBI CHART
The victim and offender relationship, as well as
the very nature of the attack makes this crime
similar to murder. In 1970, 24 percent of the
serious assaults were committed with the use of a
firearm. A knife or other cutting instrument was
used in 28 percent of the assaults, 24 percent were
committed with blunt objects or other dangerous
weapons, and 23 percent with personal weapons,
such as hands, fists and feet. The collection of
crime counts in this offense category was broken
down into the above subclassifications commencing
in 1964 in order to further define the nature of
these serious assaults. A comparison of the assault
subclassifications for 1970 with 1964 indicates that
assaults with firearms have increased 167 percent;
assaults with a knife or other cutting instrument
have risen 15 percent; those assaults where blunt
objects or other dangerous weapons are used
increased 75 percent, and those assaults through
use of personal weapons have climbed 75 percent.
The table which follows demonstrates the regional
experience of aggravated assault in 1970 by type
of weapon used.
Aggravated Assault By Type of Weapon Used
[Percent distribution]
Total Knife or | Other
weapon;
club,
Poison.
Northeastern States... .
North Central States... .
Clearances
Performance, as measured by solutions, indi-
cates American law enforcement agencies were
successful in solving 65 of each 100 cases in 1970
which is the same level achieved in 1969. This
relatively high solution ratio follows that of the
other crimes against the person. Persons under 18
years of age were identified in 10 percent of these
clearances. Due to the nature of these crimes,
arrests are frequently made upon the response of
patrol units. This type of patrol call is hazardous
to the officers. Since 1961, 98 officers have lost
their lives responding to disturbance-type calls,
which frequently involve family arguments.
Persons Arrested
Comparing aggravated assault arrests for 1970
with those in 1960 indicates that arrests of young
12
persons under 18 increased 133 percent while
arrests of adults were up 54 percent. As a group,
persons 21 years of age and over accounted for 70
percent of the arrests for aggravated assault in
1970 and those under age 21 accounted for 30
percent. Arrests of males outnumbered females by
about 7 to 1.
Persons Charged
Law enforcement agencies have difficulty in
obtaining convictions based on original charge in
the aggravated assault category. The close family
or other relationship which exists between victims
and assailants in this category accounts for the
victim’s frequent unwillingness to testify for the
prosecution. Acquittals and dismissals, therefore,
continue to run high, four out of each ten cases.
Seventy-one out of every 100 adults arrested for
aggravated assault in 1970 were prosecuted. Forty-
four percent of the adults prosecuted for this
offense were convicted on this charge, 16 percent
were convicted of lesser charges while 18 percent
of all persons processed were referred to juvenile
court jurisdiction.
FORCIBLE RAPE
Forcible rape, as defined under this Program, is
the carnal knowledge of a female through the use of
force or the threat of force. Assaults to commit
forcible rape are also included; however, statutory
rape (without force) is not counted. Crime counts
in this offense category are broken down by actual
forcible rapes and attempted forcible rapes.
Volume
During 1970, there was an estimated total of
37,270 forcible rapes. Numerically, the volume
increased by 800 offenses over 1969. Forcible
rape made up less than 1 percent of the Crime
Index total and 5 percent of the crimes of violence
in 1970. The greatest volume was recorded in the
Southern States with 30 percent of the total, while
the Western States recorded 27 percent, the North
Central States 26 percent and the Northeastern
States 17 percent.
A comparison of the month-to-month variations
of forcible rape in 1970 with the long-term sea-
sonally adjusted trend followed the pattern set
for many years. Chart 14 reflects the month-to-
month variations of forcible rape during 1970, as
well as a comparison with the prior 5-year ex-
perience.
FORCIBLE RAPE
1960 - 1970
PERCENT CHANGE OVER 1960
|
10
1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
FBI CHART
Trend
The volume of forcible rape offenses in 1970 in-
creased 2 percent over 1969, and 121 percent over
1960. This crime was committed most often in the
big cities with 250,000 or more inhabitants which
accounts for 45 percent of the forcible rapes. In
1970, this group of cities registered a one percent in-
crease and the suburban areas also were up 1 per-
cent. A rise of 5 percent was recorded in the rural
areas. Geographically, the Southern States were
up 5 percent, the Northeastern States 2 percent,
the Western States 1 percent and the North Cen-
tral States remained at the 1969 level.
Forcible Rape Rate
A crime rate equates the number of crimes per
unit of population, and in its proper perspective,
is a victim risk rate. In 1970, 36 out of every
100,000 females in this country were reported forc-
ible rape victims. Since 1960, the forcible rape
victim rate has increased 95 percent. In calendar
year 1970, the forcible rape rate increased 1 per-
cent over 1969.
The large core cities recorded a victim risk
rate of 77 per 100,000 females, while the subur-
ban area rate was 25 and the rural area 19.
Again, as experienced in 1969, females residing
in the Western States were most often the
victims of forcible rape. In these States, the
forcible rape rate was 56 per 100,000 females.
The North Central States recorded a rate of 33,
followed by the Southern and Northeastern
States with rates of 35 and 25 per 100,000
females respectively.
Nature of Offenses
In 1970, 71 percent of all offenses reported in
this crime class were actual rapes by force
while the remainder were attempts or assaults
to commit forcible rape. This offense is a violent
crime against the person, and of all the Crime
Index offenses, law enforcement administrators
recognize that this offense is probably one of
the most under-reported crimes due primarily
to fear and/or embarrassment on the part of
the victims. As a national average, 18 percent
of all forcible rapes reported to police were
determined by investigation to be unfounded.
In other words, the police established that no
forcible rape offense or attempt occurred. This
is caused primarily due to the question of the
use of force or threat of force frequently com-
plicated by a prior relationship between victim
and offender. Crime counts in this publication
14
are limited to actual offenses established by
police investigation.
Clearances
The solution rate in 1970 was 56 percent
which is a 0.9 percent increase over the clearance
rate achieved in 1969. The large cities with
250,000 or more inhabitants had a solution rate
of 56 percent while the suburban law enforce-
ment agencies solved 52 percent and the rural
areas 70 percent. Nationally, 13 percent of the
forcible rape offenses were cleared by the arrest
of persons under the age of 18.
Persons Arrested
Males 17 to 20 years of age constituted the
greatest concentration of arrests for forcible
rape in 1970. Total arrests for this offense
increased 1 percent with the arrest of persons
under 18 years of age up 3 percent over 1969.
Sixty-four percent of the arrests for forcible
rape during the year were of persons under the
age of 25. All arrests for forcible rape in 1970
compared to 1960 indicate an increase of 55
percent. Figures for the same years indicate
that arrests of those under 18 years of age have
increased 85 percent. In 1970, approximately
48 percent of the persons arrested for forcible
rape were Negroes, 50 percent whites, and all
other races comprised the remainder.
Persons Charged
Of all adults arrested for forcible rape in 1970,
70 percent were prosecuted for this offense.
Thirty-six percent were found guilty of the
substantive offense. An additional 18 percent of
the adults prosecuted were convicted of lesser
offenses. Prosecutive problems accounted for
acquittals and/or dismissals in 46 percent of the
cases. Juvenile referrals amounted to 22 percent
of the persons processed on forcible rape charges
in 1970.
ROBBERY
Robbery is a vicious type of crime which takes
place in the presence of the victim to obtain
property or a thing of value from a person by use
of force or threat of force. Assault to rob and
attempts are included. This is a violent crime and
frequently results in injury to the victim. For
crime reporting purposes data on robbery is
collected for armed robbery where any weapon is
used, and strong-arm robbery where no weapon
other than a personal weapon, is employed. The
a ON OOO SO Or ll
latter category includes crimes such as mugging,
yoking, etc.
Volume
During calendar year 1970, there were an
estimated 348,380 robberies committed in the
United States. This represents a significant in-
crease over the 297,580 robberies which occurred
in calendar year 1969. This offense makes up 6
percent of the total Crime Index and comprises
48 percent of the crimes of violence. In 1970, these
offenses occurred most frequently during the
period August through December.
Geographically, the heaviest volume of robbery
occurred in the Northeastern States, which
reported 33 percent of the total in 1970. The
percentage distribution in the other geographic
regions showed the North Central States had 28
percent, the Southern States 23 percent, and the
Western States 16 percent.
Trend
In 1970 robbery offenses increased 17 percent
in volume when compared with 1969. Since 1960,
robbery has increased 224 percent. Large core
cities with over 250,000 population witnessed a
16 percent rise in the volume of robbery. Suburban
areas surrounding the large core cities recorded
a 20 percent increase while the rural areas reported
an upward trend of 14 percent.
There were substantial increases in robbery
in each geographic region. The Northeastern
States had the sharpest increase with a 24 percent
rise, while the North Central States were up 17
percent, the Southern States 16 percent, and the
Western States 6 percent.
The accompanying chart depicts the long-term
trend in the volume of robbery and the robbery
rate, 1960-1970.
Robbery Rate
The 1970 robbery rate of 171 victims per 100,000
inhabitants was 16 percent above the 1969 rate
and 186 percent above the 1960 rate. Robbery
is a big city crime. American cities with over
250,000 population accounted for nearly three
out of every four robberies which occurred in the
United States during 1970.
Cities with over 250,000 inhabitants had a
robbery rate of 589 victims per 100,000 inhabit-
ants. There were 58 robbery victims per 100,000
in the surburban areas, up 16 percent over the
preceding year, and 14 victims in the rural
portions of the country. Robbery rates in the
Robbery by Geographic Region
North- orth
Total | eastern | Central | Southern| Western
Armed—any weapon....| 63.3 65. 6 61.5 63.3 61.6
Strong-arm—no weapon.} 36.7 44 38.5 36.7 38.4
Tetel.;...cisJc....| WAC 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
larger cities were about 10 times greater than they
were in the suburban areas, again pointing out
the fact that robbery rates tend to increase in
proportion to density of population. On a geo-
graphic basis, this crime occurred most frequently
in relation to population in the Northeastern
States where the rate was 233, 23 percent higher
than 1969. The North Central States followed
with a rate of 173, which was a 16 percent increase,
the Western States 157, a 4 percent rise, and the
Southern States 130, a 16 percent increase.
Nature of Robbery
Supplemental information is obtained from
cities with populations of 2,500 or more as to
robbery by type as a part of the monthly collec-
tion of statistical data under this Program. In
1970, these figures disclosed that 55 percent of
the robberies were committed in the street.
Nationally, bank robbery offenses increased 29
percent, but continued to account for less than
one percent of total robbery. The average bank
robbery dollar loss decreased from $4,526 in 1969
to $4,166 in 1970.
The long-term trends in robbery by type as
illustrated by the following charts show bank
robbery has increased 409 percent since 1960.
During this same period, gas or service station
holdups have increased 230 percent, chain store
robberies 389 percent, street robberies 229 percent,
robberies in residences 213 percent, and holdups of
other commercial or business establishments rose
144 percent.
Armed perpetrators were responsible for « 1
of every 10 robbery offenses during 1970, wh.!:
percent were muggings, yokings, or other violeiit
confrontations where personal weapons were used
to subdue or overcome the victim. Since 1964,
armed robbery has increased 198 percent and
unarmed robbery increased 129 percent.
Special surveys have indicated that approxi-
mately 63 percent of all armed robbery is com-
mitted with a firearm, 24 percent with a knife or
other cutting instrument, and 13 percent with
blunt objects such as clubs, etc.
15
FBI CHART
PES
PTT PASAT TTT EE
1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
- 1970
PERCENT CHANGE OVER 1960
===mmm NUMBER OF OFFENSES UP 224 PERCENT
RATE PER 100,000 INHABITANTS UP 186 PERCENT
TTT TTT TTT TT TT aA
TT TTT TTT TT TTT TT TT TT TAAL,
TTT TTT TTT TTT TTT TT TT,
1964
>
ce
Lu
a
a
O
oc
1960
16
STREET ROBBERY
1960-1970
ROBBERY OF
COMMERCIAL HOUSE
1960-1970
UP 229%
2960 1961 am oie 1964 1965 1966 1967 1868 1969 1970 19960 1961 1962 a aes 9965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
+400%
ROBBERY OF GAS STATION +350% ROBBERY OF CHAIN STORE
1960-1970 1960-1970
UP 230% +300%| YP 389%
+250%
| +200%
+ 150%
+ 100%
+50%
1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
+ 450%
ROBBERY OF RESIDENCE + 400% BANK ROBBERY
1960-1970 1960-1970
UP 213% *380% | UP 409%
+ 300%
+250%
A +200%
se + 150%
+ 100%
+50%
1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
FBI CHART
17
As it has been pointed out in prior issues of this
publication, the full impact of this violent crime
on the victim cannot be completely measured in
terms of dollar loss alone. While the object of the
attack is money or property, many victims of the
mugger and the strong-arm robber, as well as the
armed robber, suffer serious personal injury as a
result of the attack. During 1970, the average
value loss to the victims of robbery was $235 for a
total loss of $82 million.
Clearances
In 1970, law enforcement agencies were success-
ful in solving 29 percent of these crimes. Seventy-
nine percent of the robberies which were cleared
by arrest involved adults. Fourteen percent of the
armed robberies and 32 percent of the strong-arm
type which were cleared, involved arrests of
persons under 18 years of age.
Persons Arrested
Nationally, arrests for robbery increased 10
percent in 1970 compared to 1969. The greatest
volume of arrests occurred in cities and were up 10
percent. In the rural areas arrests increased 5
percent and in the suburban areas arrests rose
14 percent.
Arrest data discloses that 77 percent of the
persons arrested for robbery were under 25 years
of age, and 57 percent were under 21 years of age.
Nationally, 33 percent of the persons arrested for
robbery were under 18. This greater proportion of
young age arrests, compared to solutions, is
accounted for in part by the fact they act in
groups such as in strong-arm robbery. Robbery
arrests for this young age group recorded a 9
percent increase in 1970 over 1969. In the sub-
urban areas young persons made up 27 percent of
the arrests, and in the rural areas 15 percent.
In 1970, six of every 100 persons arrested for
robbery were females and arrests of women for
this offense rose 8 percent in 1970 when related to
1969.
From a standpoint of race, 65 percent of those
arrested were Negro, 33 percent were white, and
a!l other races made up the remaining 2 percent.
Persons Charged
In 1970, 57 percent of all adults arrested for
robbery were prosecuted, and 41 percent of the
persons processed for this crime were juveniles
whose cases were referred to juvenile court juris-
diction. Of the adults prosecuted in 1970, 47
percent were convicted of the substantive charge,
18
13 percent were convicted on lesser charges, and
40 percent were acquitted or their cases were
dismissed.
BURGLARY
Under this Program, burglary is defined as the
unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony
or theft, even though no force was used to gain
entrance. Collection of crime counts in this cate-
gory is broken down into three subclassifications:
forcible entry, unlawful entry where no force is
used, and attempted forcible entry.
Volume
An estimated total of 2,169,300 burglaries
occurred during 1970. Volumewise, there was an
increase of 219,500 offenses over 1969. The large
cities over 250,000 population accounted for 38
percent of all burglaries during 1970. This offense
makes up 39 percent of the Crime Index offenses
and 45 percent of the voluminous property crimes.
The Southern States reported 28 percent of the
total volume, the Western States, 25 percent,
the Northeastern States, 24 percent and the
North Central States, 23 percent.
Highs were recorded during the last half of 1970,
with the peak month being December.
Trend
Since 1960, burglary has increased 142 percent.
In 1970, burglary rose 11 percent over 1969.
Cities over 250,000 population recorded an
increase of 7 percent while the suburban and
rural areas were each up 12 percent. By region, the
Southern States registered the largest overall gain
in volume; up 14 percent. The North Central
States were up 12 percent, the Western States 10
percent and the Northeastern States 9 percent.
Burglary Rate
The long-term rise in the burglary rate, 1960-
1970 was 113 percent. The 11 percent rise in the
burglary rate, 1970 over 1969, followed a 6 percent
rise in the rate, 1969 over 1968. It should be
remembered the crime rate equates the number of
offenses per 100,000 inhabitants and this continu-
ing upswing in voiume indicates the increasing
number of victims of burglary both residential and
nonresidential. The Western States again recorded
the highest burglary rate in 1970 with 1,542
offenses per 100,000 inhabitants followed by the
Northeastern States with a rate of 1,065, the
Southern States 961 and North Central States 897.
BURGLARY
1960 - 1970
PERCENT CHANGE OVER 1960
=a mes NUMBER OF OFFENSES UP 142 PERCENT
ames RATE PER 100,000 INHABITANTS UP 113 PERCENT
m@
poe ee
[a
Le
ms" 2
a ae
er
x ee
Pr he
RESIDENCE RESIDENCE
BURGLARY BURGLARY
NIGHTTIME DAYTIME
1960-1970 1960-1970
UP 129% UP 337%
+200%
NONRESIDENCE NONRESIDENCE
BURGLARY BURGLARY
NIGHTTIME DAYTIME
1960-1970 1960-1970
UP 61% UP 155%
1968 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
FBI CHART
20
Core cities over 250,000 population recorded a
rate of 1,948 per 100,000 inhabitants while the
suburban and rural areas had rates of 872 and 434
respectively.
Nature of Burglary
As it has been pointed out in prior issues,
burglary is a crime of stealth and opportunity
committed by amateurs and professionals alike.
In 1970, 77 percent of the burglaries involved
forcible entry, while 17 percent were unlawful
entry (without force) and 6 percent were attempts.
Residential burglary accounted for 58 percent of
the total while nonresidential amounted to 42
percent in 1970. Daytime burglaries of residences
rose 13 percent in 1970, and accounted for over
one-half of these offenses. Since 1960, there has
been a substantial increase of 337 percent in
daytime residential burglaries. It should be noted
that unattended apartments and homes during
daytime hours are becoming increasingly easy
prey for the burglar. Daytime burglaries of
nonresidences rose 7 percent in 1970, but accounted
for only 6 percent of the total burglary.
As a group, residential and nonresidential
nighttime burglary represented 62 percent of the
total volume. Prevention and detection are most
difficult for law enforcement agencies due to the
tremendous volume of these offenses and the lack
of adequate police patrols. In 1970, property
owners suffered an economic loss of $672 million,
with an average dollar loss of $310 per burglary.
Residential burglary losses amounted to $407
million while nonresidential losses due to burglaries
amounted to $265 million.
Clearances
Law enforcement agencies were successful in
solving 19 percent of the burglary offenses in 1970
which is a 3 percent increase over the 1969 clear-
ance rate.
Adults were identified in 63 percent of all cases
solved while young persons under 18 years of age
were identified in 37 percent. Law enforcement
agencies in cities 250,000 and above solved 22
percent of these crimes in 1970. In the suburban
areas 16 percent were solved while 21 percent were
cleared in the rural areas.
Persons Arrested
In 1970, total arrests for burglary increased 6
percent. Arrests of persons under 18 years of age
increased 2 percent and arrests of persons 18 years
and over rose 11 percent. Burglary arrests increased
5 percent in the cities, 6 percent in suburban areas,
and rural areas recorded an 11 percent increase.
An analysis of the period 1960-1970, reveals a 62
percent increase in burglary arrests. Arrests of
individuals under the age of 18 increased 72
percent, while arrests of adult burglary offenders
increased 52 percent, 1960-1970.
Nationally, persons under 25 accounted for 83
percent of all arrests for burglary in 1970. Of the
total, young persons under 18 accounted for 52
percent of all arrests for this crime. Females were
involved in five out of 100 arrests for burglary
during 1970. Arrests of whites outnumbered
Negroes by almost 2 to 1.
Persons Charged
Nationally, in 1970, 70 percent of the adults
arrested for burglary were prosecuted. Of the
adults, 53 percent were found guilty as charged,
17 percent were convicted of lesser charges and 30
percent were freed through acquittal or dismissal
of charges. Juveniles referred to juvenile court
jurisdiction accounted for 57 percent of all persons
processed for burglary in 1970.
LARCENY-THEFT
Larceny-theft is the unlawful taking or stealing
of property or articles of value without the use of
force or violence or fraud. It includes crimes such
as shoplifting, pocket-picking, purse-snatching,
thefts from autos, thefts of auto parts and ac-
cessories, bicycle thefts, etc. In the Uniform Crime
Reporting Program this crime category does not
include embezzlement, ‘‘con” games, forgery, and
worthless checks. Auto theft, of course, is excluded
from this category for crime reporting purposes
inasmuch as it is a separate Crime Index offense.
The Crime Index offense of larceny is limited to
those thefts where the value of property stolen is
$50 or more.
Volume
Larceny, the second most voluminous Index
crime is exceeded only by burglary. In 1970 there
were 1,746,100 offenses of larceny $50 and over,
up from 1,524,600 in 1969. This crime makes up
31 percent of the Crime Index total. From a sea-
sonal standpoint, larceny was highest in the sum-
mer months and reached a peak in August.
The Southern States accounted for 27 percent
of larceny-thefts while the Western and North
Central States each contributed 25 percent, and
the Northeastern States 23 percent.
21
Trend
In 1970, the Index offense of larceny $50 and
over, recorded a 15 percent increase over 1969
and 245 percent over 1960. Substantial increases
were noted in all population groups with cities
over 250,000 population up 5 percent. The subur-
ban areas increased 19 percent and the rural
areas registered a 25 percent upward trend.
Geographically, larceny increased 17 percent
in the North Central States, 19 percent in the
Southern States, and 11 percent in the Western
and the Northeastern States.
Larceny Rate
During 1970, the larceny crime rate rose to
859 offenses per 100,000 inhabitants, an increase
of 14 percent over the 1969 rate and 204 percent
over 1960. In 1970, the large core cities registered
a crime rate of 1,290 per 100,000 inhabitants.
The suburban larceny rate was 801 and the
rural rate was 303. Viewed geographically, the
Western States reported the highest larceny rate
with 1,269 offenses per 100,000 inhabitants
which was 8 percent above 1969. The Northeastern
States had a rate of 823 up 11 percent; the North
Central States 760 up 16 percent, and the Southern
States 750 an increase of 20 percent in the rate.
Nature of Larceny-Theft
The average value of property stolen in each
larceny in 1970 was $106, up from $74 in 1960.
This average value includes losses from the
voluminous thefts under $50 in value, of which
there were 2,500,000 in 1970. When average
value is applied to the estimated crimes in this
category, the dollar loss to victims was in excess
of $450 million. It is true that a portion of the
goods stolen was recovered and returned to vic-
tims, but the relatively low percentage of these
crimes cleared by arrest, and the lack of specific
identification characteristics on such property
indicates these recoveries will not materially
reduce the overall loss. In addition, of course,
many offenses in this category, particularly where
the value of the stolen goods is small, never
come to police attention.
Since dollar valuation of property stolen in
thefts determines whether or not a theft be-
comes a Crime Index offense, economic conditions
are a factor. The rising cost of living with its
upward influence on prices, coupled with in-
creased demand for more expensive commodities,
present greater criminal opportunity and also
exert some unreal effects on the larceny $50 and
22
over trend. Likewise, the average value of property
stolen in larceny was 43 percent over the 1960
figures. However, the volume of thefts $50 and
over was 245 percent more than the larceny
volume recorded in 1960.
The dollar valuation of larceny (larceny $50 and
over in value) as a Crime Index offense has been
the subject of discussion by the Committee on
Uniform Crime Records of the IACP. In recent
years, beginning with the April, 1963, meeting in
Washington, D.C., the Committee has considered
raising the dollar valuation in order to take account
of the increasing cost of living factor. It has been
felt, however, that this does not solve the problem
but merely postpones it. Furthermore, it does not
come to grips at all with the problem of fixing dol-
lar valuation within the thousands of reporting law
enforcement agencies.
In the past, discussion has dealt with the pos-
sibility of selecting a certain type or types of lar-
ceny-theft to be utilized as the Crime Index offense
without respect to dollar value. In 1964, the FBI
began an expanded collection of data on larceny
by type. It should be noted that the percent dis-
tribution of larceny by type and area is significant.
Likewise, the trend in “street larceny,’’ without
relation to dollar loss, suggests a better indicator of
this crime experience than the present reporting
subdivisions of “larceny $50 and over in value”
and “larceny under $50 in value’’. In this regard,
it should be noted that the category ‘‘street larceny”
should include pocket-picking, purse-snatching,
thefts from autos, automobile accessories, thefts
from coin-operated machines and “all other’’
larceny.
The term “street larceny” is used to identify
this group of thefts since they generally occur
within reach of police patrols. When “street thefts”
are used collectively, a larceny upswing of 5 per-
cent was registered, 1970 over 1969, and 62 percent,
1970 over 1964. During the same periods, larceny
$50 and over in value increased 15 percent and 139
percent respectively.
In 1970, the average value of goods and property
reported stolen from victims of pickpockets was
$80, by purse-snatchers $47, by shoplifters $26, by
thefts from autos $139, and by miscellaneous thefts
from buildings $185.
The accompanying table presents distribution
of larceny by type for large cities, suburban and
rural areas. Cities and suburban areas appear to
have similar characteristics except for pocket-
picking and purse-snatching which are consider-
Chart 12
LARCENY
($50 AND OVER)
1960 - 1970
PERCENT CHANGE OVER 1960
iy
-
Se TET TL
Mt |
NJ
a |
q
\
2
3
g
u
0
1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
FBI CHART
23
POCKET-PICKING PURSE-SNATCHING
1960-1970 1960-1970
UP 109% UP 332%
LES % oe
Poe eee
1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
+ 250%
SHOPLIFTING THEFT FROM AUTOS
1960-1970 4:1 + 200% | 1960-1970
UP 22% fin vigy | UP 13%
+ 100%
1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
+ 150%
THEFT OF AUTO ACCESSORIES THEFT OF BICYCLES
1960-1970 1960-1970
UP 69% cual UP 105%
En ee
1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
FBI CHART
ably less in the suburban or residential areas.
This, of course, is to be expected as these theft
opportunities flourish where population and busi-
ness houses are highly concentrated. It is interest-
ing to note that figures for shoplifting are quite
similar in the city and suburban areas while there
is a decided drop in the rural area. The shopping
center which is still largely absent in rural areas
contributes substantially to these figures. Thefts
from autos made up 22 percent of larceny in large
cities over 250,000 in population, 14 percent in
suburban areas and 12 percent in rural areas.
From cine year to another, the distribution of
larceny as to type of theft remains relatively
constant. As in prior years, a major portion of
these thefts, 40 percent, represented thefts of
auto parts and accessories and other thefts from
automobiles. Other major types of thefts which
contributed to the large number of these crimes
were thefts from buildings, 16 percent, and stolen
bicycles, 15 percent. Miscellaneous types of lar-
cenies, not falling into any of the specific categories
for which statistics were collected made up 15
percent of the total. The remainder was distributed
among. pocket-picking, purse-snatching, shop-
lifting and thefts from coin-operated machines.
Larceny Analysis, 1970
[Percent distribution]
Total Cities
U
1.9
100. 0 100.0
Clearances
The nature of larceny, a crime of opportunity,
sneak thievery, and petty unobserved thefts,
makes it an extremely difficult one for law enforce-
ment officers to solve. A lack of witnesses and the
tremendous volume of these crimes work in the
thief’s favor. In 1970, 18 percent of the larceny
offenses brought to police attention were solved.
Involvement of the young age group is demon-
strated by the fact that 40 percent of these crimes
439-758 O- 71-3
which were cleared in the Nation’s cities were
solved by arrest of persons under 18 years of age.
Juvenile clearance figures for suburban areas and
rural areas were 43 percent and 27 percent,
respectively.
The larceny clearance percentages were con-
sistent in all population groups ranging from 16
percent in the suburbs to a high of 20 percent in
the cities over 250,000 inhabitants and 19 percent
in the rural areas. Nationally, the larceny solution
rate rose to 18.4 percent from 17.9 percent in 1969.
Persons Arrested
Forty-eight percent of the total arrests for serious
crimes in 1970 were for larceny. Arrests for this
crime were up 13 percent, 1970 over 1969. Volume-
wise, 51 percent of these arrests were of persons
under 18 years of age and when individuals under
21 were considered, the ratio rose to two-thirds.
When examined by sex of arrested persons, it
was determined that females comprised 28 per-
cent of all arrests for larceny-theft and had a
higher involvement in this offense than for any of
the Index offenses. In fact, women were arrested
more often for larceny than any other offense in
1970.
Arrests of females rose 19 percent in 1970; while
arrests of males increased 11 percent. Arrests of
whites out-numbered Negroes by 2 to 1 with all
other races comprising about 2 percent of the
arrests for larceny-theft. The total volume of
arrests for larceny-theft in 1970, as compared
with the 1960 figures, indicates a 108 percent in-
crease. It is significant to note that arrests of
individuals under 18 were 112 percent greater than
1960. The number of adult arrests rose 104 percent
over the number of recorded arrests in 1960, for
this offense.
Persons Charged
As in prior years, law enforcement agencies
nationally charged more than twice as many
offenders for larceny-theft than for any other
serious offense. Seventy-one percent of the
adults prosecuted for larceny-theft were found
guilty of this offense, 6 percent were found
guilty of a lesser charge, and 23 percent had their
cases dismissed or were acquitted. Thirty-eight
percent of persons processed in 1970 for larceny
were referred to juvenile court jurisdiction.
AUTO THEFT
In Uniform Crime Reporting, auto theft is
defined as the unlawful stealing or driving away
25
Chart 1
CRIMES
KEY: —==—=— 1965-1969 MOVING AVERAGE
AGAINST THE PERSON
ANNUAL
AVERAGE
- 10%
- 20% fi
- 30% &
JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT
+ 30%
+ 20%
+ 10%
ANNUAL
AVERAGE F:
- 10% %
- 20% i
- 30% :
sol AN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT.
+ 20%
+ 10% :
ANNUAL
Chart 14
BY MONTE
ous VARIATIONS FROM 1970 ANNUAL AVERAGE
AGAINST PROPERTY
+ 30%
+ 20%
+ 10%
ANNUAL
- 20%
- 30%
GAN. . MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT.
+ 20%
+ 10%
ANNUAL E=
AVERAGE
- 20%
- 30% :
Rh -tp FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT.
+ 20%
+ 10%
ANNUAL
- 20%
- 30% bs a et
30 AN . MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT.
+ 20% :
+ 10%
ANNUAL
FBI CHART
of a motor vehicle, including attempts. This
definition excludes taking for temporary use when
the vehicle is actually returned by the taker
provided prior authority for its use has been
granted or can be assumed.
Volume
In 1970, 921,400 motor vehicles were reported
stolen. Geographically, the volume of auto theft
was highest in the Northeastern States which
reported 30 percent of the total number followed
by the North Central States with 26 percent.
The Southern and Western States each reported
22 percent. This crime made up 17 percent of the
total Crime Index offenses. As was experienced in
prior years, seasonal variations during 1970
disclosed auto theft reached its peak in the fall of
the year with October, the high month in volume.
Trend
Auto thefts in 1970 volumewise increased 6
percent over 1969. This offense has been steadily
rising each year since 1960, with an overall increase
of 183 percent 1960-1970. As it has been pointed
out in prior issues, it should be remembered that it
is invalid to assume more auto thefts occur solely
because of more automobile registrations. From
1960 through 1970, the percentage increase in
auto theft has been four times greater than the
percentage increase in automobile registrations
and four times greater than the percentage
increase in the young age population, 15 to 24
years.
Auto theft increased 3 percent in big cities with
250,000 or more inhabitants while the suburban
areas registered a 10 percent increase. The rural
areas increased four percent.
Geographically, auto thefts were up 9 percent
in the Northeastern States. The Southern and
Western States each reported rises of 6 percent,
and the North Central States 2 percent. The
accompanying chart shows the trend in auto
thefts, 1960-1970.
Auto Theft Rate
There was an increase in the auto theft rate from
432 offenses per 100,000 inhabitants in 1969 to 453
offenses in 1970, an increase of 5 percent. Since
1960, the auto theft rate has risen 150 percent. As
in 1969, citizens in cities with 500,000 to 1 million
population were deprived more often of their
motor vehicles in 1970 than in any other popu-
lation group, with 1,238 per 100,000 inhabitants
suffering an auto theft. It should be recalled that
28
as a part of a prior special study 30 percent of the
autos stolen in the District of Columbia were
owned by nonresident victims. This ratio will
undoubtedly hold true in other large core cities
because of the high mobility of the general
population.
Nationally, the auto theft rate in large core cities
as a group averaged 1,117. In the suburbs the rate
was 288, and in the rural areas the auto theft rate
was 71.
The auto theft rates by geographic region dis-
closed the Northeastern States were high in 1970
with 572 followed by the Western States 570, the
North Central States 419, and the Southern States
327 auto thefts per 100,000 inhabitants.
Across the Nation in 1970, one of every 100
registered automobiles was stolen or a rate of 10
per 1,000 registered autos. Regionally, this rate
was the highest in the Northeastern States where
14 cars per 1,000 registered vehicles were stolen.
In the other three regions the figures were 12 in
the Western States, 9 in the North Central States,
and 7 in the Southern States.
Nature of Auto Theft
Auto theft rates again clearly indicate that this
crime is primarily a big city problem, since the
highest rates appear in the most heavily populated
sections of the Nation. In 1970, the average value
of stolen automobiles was $948 at the time of
theft, and although police were successful in
recovering 84 percent of the stolen vehicles, the
remaining unrecovered 16 percent represented a
dollar loss of $140 million.
Prior studies conducted under the Uniform
Crime Reporting Program have documented the
fact that auto theft is primarily a crime of
opportunity. The young offender who is most often
involved finds the vehicle subject to theft con-
veniently ready to drive away or in many instances
the ignition can be easily compromised.
Clearances
Due to the fact that prior studies have docu-
mented two-thirds of all auto thefts occur at
night and over one-half are from private residences,
apartments, or streets in residential districts, law
enforcement agencies were successful in solving
only 17 percent of these thefts by arrest of the
offender. These crimes occur under cover of
darkness and there are seldom any witnesses to
the theft. On the other hand, police nationally
are successful in recovering about 84 percent of
all stolen cars. Over one-half of the stolen vehicles
AUTO THEFT
1960 - 1970
PERCENT CHANGE OVER 1960
NUMBER OF OFFENSES UP 183 PERCENT
qu RATE PER 100,000 INHABITANTS UP 150 PERCENT
+190
+180
+170
+160
+150
+140
+130
+120
+110
+100
+90
+80
+70
+60
+50
N
+40
PUREE
Ne
EEXNS
+30
+20
+10
\
ER
dN
Ek
ik
0
1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965
FBI CHART
are taken and recovered within 48 hours. Although
recovery of the vehicle does not clear the offense,
the property is available for return to the victim.
This high recovery percentage can be attributed
to the fact that approximately 75 percent of all
cars stolen are used for transportation or the
purpose of the theft is unknown. The remainder
were taken for resale, stripping for parts, or use in
another crime.
In the Nation’s largest cities 17 percent of auto
thefts were cleared during 1970. Police in the
suburban areas were again somewhat more
successful clearing up 18 percent. Throughout the
country auto theft clearance percentages ranged
from 14 percent in the Middle Atlantic States to
21 percent in the West North Central States.
In all geographic divisions and population groups
the participation of the young age group popula-
tion is indicated by the high proportion of these
clearances which were through the arrest of persons
under 18 years of age. In the large core cities, 42
percent were solved by an arrest in this age group
while juveniles account for 40 percent in the
suburbs and 33 percent in the rural areas.
Persons Arrested
As in prior years, persons arrested for auto
theft come primarily from the young age group
population. In 1970, 56 percent of all persons
arrested for this crime were under 18 years of age.
When persons under 21 are included in the compu-
tations, the proportion of arrests rises to 75
percent.
The national trend in auto theft arrests disclosed
a decrease of 4 percent in 1970 when compared to
1969. Adult arrests rose 3 percent while arrests of
persons under 18 decreased 8 percent. During the
period 1960-1970, auto theft arrests increased 68
percent. Arrests of individuals under the age of 18
rose 51 percent during the same period. The long-
term arrest trend for adults disclosed a 94 percent
increase for auto theft, 1960 through 1970.
Of all crimes against property, next to burglary,
auto theft as measured by arrest showed the least
participation by females. Females under 18
recorded a 7 percent decrease in arrests for auto
theft. White persons made up 61 percent of the
arrests for auto theft, Negroes 36 percent and all
other races the remainder.
Persons Charged
Police reports disclosed that of all persons
formally processed for auto theft in 1970, 63
30
percent were referred to juvenile court jurisdiction.
No other Crime Index offense results in such a high
percentage of juvenile referrals. When the remain-
ing adult offenders were considered as a group, 50
percent of those prosecuted on charges of auto
theft were found guilty as charged, 12 percent
were convicted of lesser charges, and 38 percent
were acquitted or their cases were dismissed.
NCIC Stolen Vehicle File
The National Crime Information Center
(NCIC) is a computerized law enforcement system
which provides law enforcement with the ability
to immediately enter auto theft record information
into the system and to immediately modify the
record when the vehicle is recovered. The system
currently has on file some 660,000 active stolen
vehicle records.
A review of the auto theft data entered in the
NCIC system for November, 1970, shows there
was a total of 62,756 vehicle records entered in the
system. When looking at this monthly total by
type of vehicle it was determined automobiles
made up 91 percent of these records, motorcycles
7 percent, trucks approximately 2 percent and
mini-bikes less than 1 percent.
Of the autos entered in the system during No-
vember, 1970, 69 percent were recovered by law
enforcement by December 31, 1970. During the
same period 87 percent of the trucks, 30 percent
of motorcycles and 28 percent of the mini-bikes
were recovered.
The NCIC records show the 1964-year model to
be the most frequently stolen of all vehicles.
CLEARANCES
In this Program police clear a crime when they
have identified. the offender, have sufficient evi-
dence to charge him and actually take him into
custody. Crime solutions are also recorded in
exceptional instances when some element beyond
police control precludes the placing of formal
charges against the offender, such as the victim’s
refusal to prosecute or local prosecution is de-
clined because the subject is being prosecuted
elsewhere for a crime committed in another juris-
diction. The arrest of one person can clear several
crimes or several persons may be arrested in the
process of clearing one crime.
Law enforcement agencies in the nation cleared
20 percent of Index Crimes during 1970. It is to be
noted this is the same percentage of clearances as
experienced during 1969.
CRIME CLOCKS
6
SERIOUS CRIMES
Ti EACH MINUTE
6
FORCIBLE RAPE
ONE EVERY 14 MINUTES
6
BURGLARY
one every 15 seconps
6
VIOLENT CRIMES
MURDER, FORCIBLE RAPE,
ROBBERY OR ASSAULT TO KILL
ONE EVERY SECONDS
AGGRAVATED ASSAULT
ONE EVERY 96 SECONDS
6
LARCENY
($50 and over)
ONE EVERY SECONDS
MURDER
ONE EVERY 33 MINUTES
ROBBERY
ONE EVERY a) SECONDS
12
6
AUTO THEFT
ONE EVERY 34 SECONDS
FBI CHART
| AGAINST THE PERSON
NOT CLEARED CLEARED
AGAINST PROPERTY
NOT CLEARED CLEARED
FBI CHART
The murder clearance rate increased 0.5 percent,
forcible rape increased 0.9 percent, robbery in-
creased 8.2 percent, burglary increased 2.6 percent,
larceny $50 and over increased 2.6 percent and
auto theft decreased 5.6 percent. The highest over-
all Crime Index clearance rate regionally was
recorded by the Southern States with 22 percent,
the North Central States 21 percent, the Western
States 18 percent and the Northeastern States
with 17 percent.
Reports submitted by law enforcement agencies
in 1970 disclosed police were successful in solving 86
percent of the murder offenses, 56 percent of forcible
rapes, 65 percent of aggravated assaults and 29 per-
cent of the robberies. Solutions in the property crime
categories showed police cleared 19 percent of the
burglaries, 18 percent of the larcenies and 17 percent
of the aute thefts. Police are able to clear a higher
percentage of the crimes against the person, not
only because of the more intense investigative effort
afforded these violent offenses, but also due to the
smaller volume of these crimes requiring police at-
tention and, moreimportantly, because witnesses are
usually available who can identify the perpetrators.
The accompanying chart reveals the crime and
police clearance experience in the 1960’s. From
1960 to 1970 the Crime Index offenses rose 176
percent. Police response to this sharp upward trend
was an 87 percent increase in the number of arrests
for Crime Index type offenses. However, the
clearance rate, which relates the number of known
offenses cleared, has declined. In 1960, the ratio
of Crime Index offenses cleared to crimes reported
was 31 out of 100. In 1970, for each 100 Crime Index
offenses 20 were cleared.
There are a number of factors influencing the
overall police solution rate. These include court
decisions which have resulted in restrictiors on
police investigative and enforcement practices;
increases of police workloads in criminal and non-
criminal matters, riots, disturbances, marches, etc.
The almost constant rate of police strength is not
commensurate with the sharp increase in crime and
the increasing mobility of those who commit
crimes. Clearance tables are provided commencing
on page 108.
Offenses Cleared by Arrests of Juveniles
It has been noted in several prior sections of this
publication that persons under 18 years of age are
becoming increasingly involved with police through
commission of serious crimes. Persons 10 to 17
years of age make up approximately 16 percent of
the total United States population. One means of
measuring the involvement of the young age group
in crime is to identify the number of crimes in
which they are the offenders. In 1970, 29 percent of
all Crime Index offenses solved involved persons
under 18 years of age.
PERSONS ARRESTED
In 1970, arrests for all criminal acts, excluding
traffic, increased 5 percent over 1969. The total
volume of city arrests rose 4 percent while arrests
in suburban areas were up 8 percent and the
number of arrests in the rural areas increased
16 percent. Nationally, there were 43 arrests for
each 1,000 persons in the United States. In 1969,
there were 40 arrests for each 1,000 inhabitants.
The arrest rate for big cities as a group was 58
per 1,000 inhabitants, up from 55 in 1969, for
suburban areas 29, up from 28 in the prior year
and in the rural areas the arrest rate rose to 20 up
from 18 arrests per 1,000 people in 1969.
Arrests are primarily a measure of police
activity. Arrest practices, policies and enforcement
emphasis will vary from place to place and within
a community from time to time. The volume of
police arrests for certain unlawful conduct such as
drunkenness, disorderly conduct, and certain
local ordinances is particularly influenced by the
above. On the other hand, robbery, burglary, and
other arrests for serious crimes are more likely the
result of standard procedures. Arrests are first a
measure of police activity as it relates to crime.
Arrests do, however, provide a useful index to
measure involvement in criminal acts by the age,
sex, and race of the perpetrators, particularly
for those crimes which have a high solution rate.
Procedures used in this Program require that an
arrest be counted on each separate occasion when
a person is taken into custody, notified or cited.
Arrests do not measure the number of individuals
taken into custody since one person may be
arrested several times during the year for the
same or different offenses. As noted above, this
happens frequently for certain types of offenses
against public order such as drunkenness, va-
grancy, disorderly conduct and related violations.
In 1970, law enforcement agencies nationally
made an estimated 8 million arrests for all crimi-
nal acts, excluding traffic offenses. A percent dis-
tribution of arrests by type of offense in 1970 in-
dicates that approximately 8 percent were for
crimes against the person, property crime arrests
33
CRIME AND CRIMES CLEARED
1960 - 1970
PERCENT CHANGE OVER 1960
CRIME INDEX
UP 176%
INDEX-TYPE
ARRESTS
CRIMES
CLEARANCE
RATE
DOWN 34%
“960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970
FBI CHART
sea wesc st
<
made up 22 percent of the total, crimes against
morals 10 percent, crimes against public order
and decency 48 percent and all other offenses
(except traffic) 12 percent.
Arrest Trends
In 1970, police arrests of adults increased 6
percent, while arrests for juveniles had an overall
increase of 4 percent. For the period 1960-1970,
police arrests for all criminal acts, except traffic
offenses, increased 31 percent. During this same
period, arrests of persons under 18 years of age
more than doubled while the number of persons
in this young age group, 10 to 17 rose 29 percent.
It is apparent, therefore, the involvement of
young persons as measured by police arrests is
escalating at a pace almost four times their per-
centage increase in the national population. As it
has been pointed out in prior issues, a relatively
small percentage of the total young age population
become involved in criminal acts, about 5 out of
100. Adult arrests, 1960-1970, rose 17 percent in
volume. As in the 1960’s, decreases in police arrests
have occurred in the high volume offenses such as
drunkenness, vagrancy, gambling, and sex offenses
other than forcible rape and prostitution.
When only the serious crimes are used in com-
puting the long term trend 1960-1970, total arrests
increased 86 percent. Adult arrests rose 79 per-
cent, while arrests of juveniles for serious crimes
rose 95 percent. Arrests of* adults for violent
crimes were up 67 percent and for property
crimes 86 percent. Juvenile arrests for violent
crimes increased 167 percent, 1960-1970, while
arrests of persons under 18 for the property crimes
rose 89 percent.
Narcotic Drug Laws
[Percent]
Nationally, persons under 15 years of age made
up 9 percent of the total police arrests; under 18,
25 percent; under 21, 39 percent; and under 25,
52 percent. In the suburban areas, the involve-
ment of the young age groups in police arrests is
again markedly higher than the national figures
with the under 15 age group represented in 13
percent; under 18, 35 percent; under 21, 50 percent;
and under 25, 63 percent. In the rural areas the
distributions were lower for the younger age
groups, with the under 15 group being involved in
5 percent; under 18 in 20 percent; under 21 in 37
percent; and those under 25, 52 percent of total
police arrests. When only the serious crimes are
considered 20 percent of all arrests in 1970 were
for persons under the age of 15 and almost one-
half were under 18 years of age.
In reviewing arrest figures, it is important to
keep in mind that police arrest practices and
emphasis vary which will account for some varia-
tions in these statistics from year to year. If is
noted arrests of persons under 18 for Narcotic
Drug Law violations have increased sharply in
recent years. In fact, in 1970, 53 percent of the
individuals arrested for violations of the Narcotic
Drug Laws were persons under 21 years of age.
Twenty-six percent of the marijuana arrests in
1970 were persons under the age of 18 and 62
percent of the arrests for this offense involved
persons under 21 years of age. It should be noted
that in 1964 less than one-fourth or 23 percent of
the persons arrested for Narcotic Drug Law viola-
tions were under 21 years of age.
Arrests for Narcotic Drug Law violations 1970
over 1969 were up 44 percent nationally. From
1960 to 1970, arrests for this violation increased
741 percent. There is set forth a tabulation by
geographic region showing the type of narcotic
drug involved in the arrest of the offender in 1970.
Sex
Male arrests outnumbered female arrests 6 to 1
in 1970. Male arrests in 1970 rose by 4 percent,
while female arrests were up 11 percent. Females
were arrested in 17 percent of the serious or Crime
Index type offenses. Ten percent of the arrests for
violent crimes in 1970 involved females and
arrests of females for these types of crimes in-
creased 7 percent, 1970 over 1969. Again, as in
prior years their involvement was primarily for
larceny, which accounted for one out of every five
female arrests. In fact, 19 percent of all property
crime arrests in 1970 were of females. Females
accounted for 24 percent of the forgery, 27 percent
of the fraud, 25 percent of the embezzlement, and
16 percent of the narcotics arrests. Over one-half
35
of the runaway—police custody cases—were girls
under 18 years of age.
Long-term arrest trends, 1960-1970, revealed
that arrests for young females under 18 years of
age increased 204 percent, while arrests for young
males under 18 rose 98 percent. It is noted that
arrests for young females under 18 for each Crime
Index offense more than doubled, 1960-1970.
When the serious crimes, as a group, are considered,
arrests of males 1960-1970, were up 73 percent
and female arrests increased 202 percent.
Traffic
Supplemental data submitted by agencies over
2,500 in population relating to traffic enforcement
disclosed that nationwide, 55 percent of the cita-
tions and summonses issued and arrests made in
traffic matters were for parking violations. Haz-
ardous traffic violations accounted for 34 percent,
and other regulatory violations 11 percent. In the
Southern States 44 percent of the traffic arrests
were for hazardous violations, in the Western
States 43 percent of the arrests were for this type
of infraction, in the North Central States 29
percent, and in the Northeastern States 13
percent.
Arrest Rates
The following table sets forth arrest rates by
geographic regions for Crime Index type offenses.
Arrest rates indicate law enforcement activity in
response to crime rates.
Arrests by Region, 1970
[Rate per 100,000 inhabitants]
North- North Southern Western
eastern Central States States
States States
5.9 8.7
7.8 10.3
60.3 55.3
72.2 58.0
143. 0 167.8
246. 1 465. 6
64.7 78.1
=| =
PERSONS CHARGED
Disposition data reveals the results of cases in
which law enforcement agencies have made an
arrest and subsequently formally charged the
offender in a court of jurisdiction. This informa-
tion is important to the law enforcement admini-
36
strator in evaluating the quality of investigations
and court presentation functions.
In 1970, 80 percent of the adults arrested for
Crime Index type offenses were prosecuted in the
courts. Of the adults prosecuted for Crime Index
offenses 61 percent were found guilty as charged,
and 10 percent of a lesser charge.
It must be recognized that not all arrested
persons are turned over to the courts for prosecu-
tion. There are various reasons for this: failure of
the victim to cooperate or appear for the prosecu-
tion, persons arrested are released with a warning,
evidence is obtained which discloses the arrested
person did not commit the offense or there is not
sufficient evidence obtainable to support either a
formal charge or a subsequent prosecution. For
example, about one-half of the juveniles arrested
are handled by the individual law enforcement
agencies without preferring a formal charge or
referring them to juvenile authorities. All con-
tributors to this Program are urged to obtain and
report final disposition in cases involving persons
they arrest. Tables containing this data commence
on page 114. Keep in mind that police methods of
handling juvenile offenders differ widely. Also, the
tables concerning juveniles (local age limit) refer
to those who were arrested and turned over to
juvenile authorities in connection with specific
criminal acts.
In 1970, 41 percent of the murder defendants
were either acquitted or their cases dismissed at
some prosecutive stage. Forty-six percent of those
charged with forcible rape were acquitted or had
their cases dismissed, and 39 percent of the persons
charged with aggravated assault won their freedom
through acquittal or dismissal.
Of the adults who were prosecuted for Crime
Index offenses, 29 percent were acquitted or their
cases were dismissed. Larceny, 71 percent, re-
corded the highest percentage for persons found
guilty on the original charge in 1970. This was
followed by 53 percent on the original charge for
burglary, 50 percent for auto theft, 47 percent for
robbery, 44 percent for aggravated assault, 44 per-
cent for murder and 36 percent for forcible rape.
The offense which had the highest percentage of a
lesser charge was forcible rape where 18 percent of
the defendants were convicted on some charge
other than forcible rape.
Forty-three percent of the persons processed
for the Crime Index categories were young persons
referred to juvenile court jurisdiction. Again, as
om me
sar + & & DW © & oO SF SO | te OO” OR — Pm &@ St OM OO oa” = & ©
—- > pp Se CF wel
—_——— ot
in 1969, juvenile referrals were highest for auto
theft with 63 percent of those processed for this
offense, 57 percent burglary, 38 percent larceny,
41 percent robbery, 22 percent forcible rape, 18
percent aggravated assault and 12 percent murder.
During 1970, as in past years, arson, auto theft,
burglary and vandalism recorded high percentages
of juvenile referrals. When all crime categories are
reviewed, it is noted that convictions on original
charges remained high in the offenses against
public order and decency—driving under the
influence, drunkenness, disorderly conduct and
vagrancy. As in prior years offenses against trust
such as fraud and embezzlement also recorded a
high percentage of conviction on original charges.
CAREERS IN CRIME
From 1963 through 1969 the Uniform Crime
Reporting Program processed data on some
240,000 offenders for statistical use. This study
has been used to document the extent to which
criminal recidivism over a period of time con-
tributes to annual crime counts and has also been
used to show the need for the centralization of
law enforcement information at the state and
national level in view of criminal repeating and
mobility. This study was made possible by the
cooperative exchange of criminal fingerprint data
among local, state and federal law enforcement
agencies. While the basis of selection in this
study was a federal offense, it should be kept in
mind that most federal criminal violations are
also violations of local and state laws. The offender
records examined in this study are, therefore, felt
to be comparable to the local and state experience
for the more serious violators.
The Careers in Crime study brought to the
Uniform Crime Reporting Program valuable
statistical experience in the field of criminal
histories, and has demonstrated the potential use
of criminal history information to measure the
success or failure of the entire criminal justice
system. The key to the effectiveness of the system
is in knowing what happened to the people who
were handled or treated by the criminal justice
process, specifically, whether they were deterred
from further criminal acts and/or rehabilitated.
Beginning in January 1970, the FBI com-
menced converting Federal offender records to
computer form for an operational criminal history
file within the National Crime Information
Center (NCIC). The record formats and data
elements for criminal history, although designed
for operational use, were established with full
recognition of the value of criminal history for
statistical and research purposes.
Profile
A summary of 37,884 offenders arrested on
federal charges in 1970 is set forth in table A.
Of these offenders, 25,909 or 68 percent had
previously been arrested on a criminal charge.
These 37,884 offenders had an average criminal
career of 5 years and 5 months (span of years
from first to last arrest). During this time they
were arrested on criminal charges an average
of four times each for a total of 158,000 charges.
These offenders had a total of 52,936 convictions
and 22,240 imprisonments of 6 months or more
during their crime careers prior to their arrest
in 1970.
The extent to which these offenders had a
prior arrest for any offense is set forth in the
following table. Likewise, percent convicted for
@ prior crime is set forth.
Keep in mind that this presentation is con-
servative and understates the amount of crime
committed by these offenders since it is based
on police detection, arrest and submission of a
fingerprint card. As indicated in earlier pages
of this publication law enforcement agencies do
not clear or solve most crimes. It is also true that
the prior conviction and imprisonment rates
are slightly lower than actual because police
agencies do not always submit such data after
arrest, conviction and release.
A profile of criminal repeating for selected
offenders is shown in the following table. Average
age for the first arrest is high because of the
general practice not to submit criminal finger-
print cards on juveniles. Criminal career is the
average years between the first and last arrest.
The offender profile is classified by type of
crime for which arrested in 1970.
A study of the 25,909 repeat offenders indicate
that 45 percent were rearrested in ‘he same
state during their criminal careers and 55 per-
cent were rearrested at least one time in states
other than that of the original arrest. Twelve
percent of the repeat offenders were arrested in
three different states during their criminal career
and 10 percent were rearrested in more than
three different states.
4 Year Follow-up
A part of the Careers in Crime Program was the
follow-up on offenders after their release from the
37
Table A—Profile of Offenders Arrested During 1970
(By last charge in 1970]
Total number of subjects
Average age at last charge
Average age at first charge
le atc ewwepemeedl
Average number of charges during criminal career
Total Murder
Robbery | Burglary
Frequency of charges (percent of total subjects):
i cidterth nding kee inn d nieleidick Shee ndchdviroaweneee
Frequency of convictions (percent of total subjects):
iid Siahee kiithaJesnhieackcekaudaskiesannnne
Total number of subjects
Average age at last charge
Average age at first charge
I de
Average number of charges during criminal career
Frequency of charges (percent of total subjects):
SG aiedens deer st bas peeeketie keane L eptaesiteed
Fraud
1,411
federal criminal justice system. The records of
offenders released during 1965 were followed for
new arrests through 1969. Charts and tables are
presented in this section on the rearrest experience
by offense; type of release; and age, sex and race
of the offender.
Keep in mind that this Program for completeness
depends on the criminal fingerprint identification
function. The arrest fingerprint card establishes
the charge and, usually on minor charges, the
actual disposition. Otherwise, to obtain disposition
38
data at prosecutive or court level the system relies
on the submission of a second form. Further, for
correctional release, another form or fingerprint
card must be submitted. For the follow-up study
only those records can be used that are complete
and actually show a release in a given year (1963,
1965) back to the community. If the disposition
or correctional release information is not received
routinely for a specific charge it does not become
known on a subsequent rearrest.
Of the 16,332 offenders released to the
ee ee ee
=o ro «5 me
PERCENT OF PERSONS REARRESTED
WITHIN 4 YEARS
BY TYPE OF RELEASE IN 1965
community in 1965, 63 percent had been rearrested
by the end of the fourth calendar year after release.
Of those persons who were acquitted or had their
cases dismissed in 1965, 85 percent were rearrested
for new offenses. Of those released on probation 56
percent repeated, parole 61 percent, and manda-
tory release after serving prison time 75 percent.
Offenders receiving a sentence of fine and probation
in 1965 had the lowest repeating proportion with
37 percent rearrest. This type of sentence is
generally found in connection with violations such
as income tax, fraud and embezzlement.
When criminal repeating is viewed by type of
crime for which arrested, convicted, or released in
1965, rearrests ranged from 16 percent for the
income tax violators to 80 percent of the auto
thieves. The predatory crime offenders had high
repeat rates with 76 percent of the burglars being
rearrested within 4 years, 68 percent of assault
offenders, and 57 percent of the robbers released
in 1965. Likewise, 69 percent of the narcotic
offenders who are frequently users were rearrested
after release. The fact that 67 percent of the
75%
MANDATORY ACQUITTED
RELEASE OR
DISMISSED
FBI CHART
forgery offenders were rearrested for new violations
within the 4-year follow-up, documents law
enforcement experience with this type offender.
The younger the age group, the higher the re-
peating rate has been documented many times, as
it is here. Nevertheless, this fact calls for greater
rehabilitation efforts directed at the young of-
fender, if hardened criminal careers are to be
aborted. Of the offenders under 20 released in
1965, 74 percent were rearrested by the end of
1969, 71 percent of those 20 to 24 years of age, and
65 percent of the offenders 25 to 29 years. When
viewed by race the Negro rearrest rate, 68 per-
cent, was higher than the white offender rate of
60 percent. All other races, made up primarily of
Indian Americans, had a rearrest rate of 65 per-
cent between release in 1965 and 1969. Of the
1,290 female offenders released in 1965, 41 per-
cent had been rearrested for new offenses by 1969.
Table B sets forth the cumulative percentage of
rearrest by age group and by year after release.
By the end of the second calendar year (1967),
after release during 1965, 53 percent of the of-
PERCENT REPEATERS
BY TYPE OF CRIME IN 1965
PERSONS RELEASED IN 1965 AND REARRESTED WITHIN 4 YEARS
AUTO THEFT
BURGLARY
NARCOTICS
ASSAULT
FORGERY
LARCENY
ROBBERY
GAMBLING
LIQUOR LAWS
FRAUD
EMBEZZLEMENT
ALL OTHERS
TOTAL
FBI CHART
Table B.—Persons Rearrested after Release in 1963 and 1965
[Cumulative percentage by year after release]
Under 20
Total all ages |
When Rearrested
During year of release
By end of first year after release... .
By end of second year after release _-
By end of third year after release. _ -
By end of fourth year after release__ -
fenders had been rearrested. This pattern supports
prior studies of this kind and is consistent for all
age groups. Of all offenders rearrested during this
4-year follow-up, over one-half were under 30
years of age and the majority of these rearrests
occurred within 2 years after release. There is set
forth in table B the rearrest experience of federal
offenders released to the community in 1965 and
40
for comparison purposes the experience of a gener-
ally different group released in 1963. The latter
experience has been previously published in prior
issues of Uniform Crime Reports. The repeat rate
for both groups over the similar periods of follow-
up (4 years) is about the same. This is true not
only for each age group as shown here but also by
type of offense and type of release.
PERCENT REPEATERS
BY AGE GROUP
1%
65%
UNDER 20 20-24 25-29 30-39 40-49 SO&OVER TOTAL
ALL AGES
PERSONS RELEASED IN 1965 AND REARRESTED WITHIN 4 YEARS
FBI CHART
Table C.—4- Year Follow-Up of Persons Released in 1965
[By age, sex and race]
Total
Total all ages 3
Percent with subsequent charge
Percent with subsequent charge.....................-.....---...-
30-39 e
Percent with subsequent charge.-_............-...-- :
Percent with subsequent charge_...............-
50 and over
439-758 O- 71-4
Table D—4- Year Follow-Up by Age Group and Type of Release in 1965
Percent with a subsequent charge. -.-...............--.-.----.--
Fine and probation
Percent with a subsequent charge--...................-.-..--.---
POLICE EMPLOYEE DATA
This publication has a section on Law Enforce-
ment Employee Data which contains tables show-
ing average police employee strength by geographic
divisions and population group, percentages of
civilian employees, and an individual listing of
police employees for reporting cities and surround-
ing suburban counties. Tables are published
containing data relative to law enforcement officers
killed and assaulted in the line of duty to supple-
ment the narrative material which follows.
Employee Rates
The average number of police employees per
1,000 inhabitants in 1970 (including civilian em-
ployees) was 2.3 which is a 5 percent increase over
the 1969 rate of 2.2.
Most United States cities continue to operate
with a police employee ratio of less than the
national average of 2.3 per 1,000. When arrayed by
quartile, 50 percent of all American cities have
police employee ratios ranging from 1.2 to 1.9
police employees per 1,000 inhabitants.
Nationally, large cities with 250,000 or more
inhabitants as a group, had an average ratio of 3.3
employees per 1,000 inhabitants, an increase of 6
percent over the 1969 figure of 3.1.
The ratio of police employees to population in
the suburban areas was 1.7, the same as the ratio
in 1969. Again it should be noted those commu-
nities which are experiencing rapidly growing and
increasing densities of population are also recording
the largest percentage increases in the volume of
crime. One-half of the suburban police depart-
ments have from 1.0 to 1.8 employees per 1,000
inhabitants. The average rate of full-time em-
ployees in sheriffs’ departments was 1.3 per 1,000
42
inhabitants, however, in three-fourths of these
departments the rate was 1.0 or fewer employees.
Police departments in the Middle Atlantic
States continued to have the highest rate, 3.0
employees per 1,000 inhabitants. Cities in the
West South Central States had the lowest ratio of
1.8.
Civilian Employees
In Table 52 the percentage of total law enforce-
ment personnel represented by civilian employees
is tabulated by population group. On the average,
during 1970, 13.2 percent of all city police person-
nel were civilian employees, up from 12.5 percent
in 1969. Law enforcement administrators are
continuing to utilize greater numbers of civilian
employees, thereby relieving sworn personnel for
active police duties.
Sworn Personnel
Computing lew enforcement employee rates on
the basis of sworn personnel only (excluding
civilian employees) determines that the average
rate for ali cities was 2.0 in 1970 compared to the
1969 rate of 1.9 per 1,000 inhabitants. The city
rates, nationally, range from 0.1 to 7.5 per 1,000
inhabitants. The average ratio of sworn employees
in sheriffs’ departments was 1.1, the same as in
1969 and the rate range for the 1,252 reporting
county agencies was 0.1 to 9.9 per 1,000 inhab-
itants. Caution should be exercised, however, in
using rates for comparative purposes since there is
a wide variation in the responsibilities of various
law enforcement agencies throughout the country.
Just as the conditions which affect the amount
and type of crime that occurs vary from place to
place, so do the requirements for types of police
services based upon the conditions which exist in
POLICE EMPLOYEE DATA
AVERAGE NUMBER OF POLICE DEPARTMENT EMPLOYEES, AND
RANGE IN NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES, PER 1,000 INHABITANTS
BY POPULATION GROUPS, DECEMBER 31, 1970
CITIES CITIES CITIES CITIES CITIES —CGITIES
ALL
CITIES OVER 100,000 50,000 25,000 10,000 LESS
250,000 THAN
T0 T0 T0 TO
250,000 100,000 50,000 25,000 10,060
FBI CHART
43
a given community. For example, the increased
need for police service in a community which has
a highly mobile or seasonal population, differs from
a community which has a relatively stable or fixed
population. In addition, a small community
situated between two large cities may require a
greater number of law enforcement personnel to
handle crime conditions based solely on its geo-
graphic location.
The functions of the sheriffs also vary widely
in different sections of the country. In certain
areas the sheriffs’ responsibilities are limited almost
exclusively to civil functions and/or the administra-
tion of the county jail facilities. The sheriffs’
departments used in computing rates, however,
are all engaged in police activity and are respon-
sible for all phases of policing in their jurisdiction.
State Police and State Highway Patrols
There were 54,754 employees in State Police
and State Highway Patrol organizations in 1970.
This was an increase of 4 percent over 1969. Of
the total employees, 74 percent were sworn per-
sonnel, and 14,284, or 26 percent, were civilian
employees.
The police employee strengths of State Police
and State Highway Patrol organizations are set
forth in Table 56. This table provides additional
data relative to the miles of primary highway and
the number of state motor vehicle registrations
per sworn employee, by state.
Annual Average Number Per Officer
Geographic region
Police activity
Crime Index offenses._.__......_-
Drunk and disorderly conduct
Police Activity
The volume and type of police activity, both
criminal and noncriminal, vary widely from place
to place. Likewise, police policy and practice are
not standardized, resulting in widely differing
arrest rates from one community to another. The
table above is provided to show the relative police
workloads by geographic region using reported
Crime Index offenses, criminal arrests made, and
traffic charges issued per sworn police officer.
44
The variations in officer workload result from
many factors. It assumes that all sworn officers
in all regions are assigned to such duties. This is
not the case. Many police officers are fully en-
gaged in administrative functions, special assign-
ments and other non-line duties.
It is pointed out the figures set forth in the
detailed police employee tables (Tables 50 and 51)
represent national averages. They should be used
as a guide or indicator and not considered as
recommended or desirable police strengths. Ade-
quate manpower for a specific place can only be
determined after a careful study and analysis of
the various factors which contribute to the need
for police service in that community.
LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS KILLED
During 1970, 100 law enforcement officers were
killed by felonious criminal action. This is a 16
percent increase over 1969, when 86 law enforce-
ment officers were slain. During the period 1961-
1970 (10 years) 633 officers were murdered.
The average number of police officers slain was 59
a year during the period 1961-1969. Specifically,
there were 37 killed in 1961; 48 in 1962; 55 in 1963;
57 in 1964; 53 in 1965; 57 in 1966; 76 in 1967; 64
in 1968; 86 in 1969; and 100 in 1970.
Circumstances Surrounding Deaths
Examination of circumstances under which
police officers were murdered in 1970, discloses a
most urgent need for officers to be more alert than
ever before in connection with all their duties,
regardless of how routine these duties have been in
the past. It is essential that officers be extremely
alert with all individuals with whom they come
into contact. No arrest situation can be considered
routine as evidenced by the fact that during the
period 1961-1970 snore officers were killed attempt-
ing arrests than in any other manner. During 1970,
37 officers were killed while attempting arrests
for crimes other than robbery or burglary. Nine-
teen officers were slain by felons they encountered
during the commission of a robbery, or who they
were in pursuit of as robbery suspects. In connec-
tion with the crime of burglary, 5 officers were
killed at the scene of the burglary or while pursuing
burglary suspects.
During the period 1966-1970, 29 officers were
slain from ambush, 19 of which occurred during
1970, 3 occurred in 1969, and 7 in 1968. There were
no ambush slayings in 1966 or 1967. In 1970, 4
Law Enforcement Officers Killed, 1961-1970
(By Type of Weapons Used)
Type of weapon used
Personal weapons (hands, fists, feet, etc.)
FEE SN titntat adhe cciciemavntewatckekedaectcededediiesdiatns
1 Because of rounding, percentages may not add to total.
officers were slain by mentally deranged persons.
During the period 1961-1970 a total of 25 officers
were murdered by mentally deranged persons,
20 of which occurred during the period 1966-1970.
Seven officers were murdered while investigat-
ing suspicious persons or circumstances in 1970,
and 6 met death in responding to ‘disturbance
calls” involving such things as family quarrels,
man with gun, etc. Three officers were slain while
they were transporting or otherwise engaged in
custody of prisoners.
During 1970, 35 officers were slain in the North
Central States, 24 in the Southern States 22 in
the Western States and 19 in the Northeastern
States. The following chart shows the number of
law enforcement officers killed by region for
each of the two 5-year periods, 1961-1965 and
1966-1970.
Weapons Used
Ninety-three of the police murders in 1970 were
perpetrated through use of firearms. Of these
deaths, 73 were caused through the use of hand-
guns, 12 with shotguns, and rifles were used to
kill 8 of the officers. Five officers were killed when
their own guns were used against them by their
assailants. The premeditated slaying of 2 officers,
in two separate incidents, occurred through the
use of bombs. Three policemen met death as a
result of being assaulted with knives, while 1
officer was killed through the use of personal wea-
pons when he was beaten with hands, fists, feet,
etc. by two men. One officer was feloniously
killed through the use of an automobile, when he
was run down by an offender who was wanted for
robbery and auto theft.
Percent Percent
distribu- distribu-
tion ! tion |
1961-1965 1966-1970
Percent
distribu-
tion |
During the period 1961-1970, firearms were
used by felons to commit 95 percent of the police
killings. Seventy-four percent of the weapons used
were handguns. Specifically, of the 633 law enforce-
ment officers slain by criminal action during this
period, 466 were killed through use of handguns,
78 with shotguns, 60 with rifles, 6 with knives, 2
with bombs, 8 with personal weapons such as
hands, fists, and feet, and 13 by other means such
as clubs, automobiles, etc. A total of 80 officers or
13 percent were murdered with their own hand-
guns. The preceding table shows the type of
weapons used to kill officers from 1961 through
1970.
Profile of Victim Officers
During the period 1961-1965, the median age
of the victim officer was 32 and the most common
age was 28. Ninety-four percent of the officers
were white and 5 percent Negro. The median
years of service were 5 and 10 percent of the officers
had 1 year or less service. Forty-six percent had 5
years or less service and 32 percent had 10 years
or more. During the period 1966-1970, the median
age dropped to 30 and the most common age for
victim officers was 24. Eighty-six percent of the
victims were white and 13 percent were Negro.
The median years of service remained at 5. Fifteen
percent of the victims had 1 year or less of service,
47 percent 5 years or less, and 28 percent over 10
years of service. For the entire 10-year period,
1961-1970, the victim officers’ median age was 31
and the most common age was 25. For this 10-
year period, 89 percent of the officers were white
and 10 percent Negro. The median years of service
for the entire period was 5. Thirteen percent had
45
LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS KILLED
BY REGION
1961-1970
LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS KILLED
BY TYPE OF ACTIVITY
1961-1970
RESPONDING TO YI 48 St. 1968 250 KILLED
DISTURBANCE CALLS 50 1966-1970 383 KILLED
1961-1970 TOTAL 633 KILLED
BURGLARIES IN PROGRESS
OR PURSUING BURGLARY SUSPECT
ROBBERIES IN PROGRESS
OR PURSUING ROBBERY SUSPECT
ATTEMPTING OTHER ARRESTS
CIVIL DISORDERS
HANDLING, TRANSPORTING,
CUSTODY OF PRISONERS
INVESTIGATING SUSPICIOUS
PERSONS AND CIRCUMSTANCES
AMBUSH
UNPROVOKED
MENTALLY DERANGED
TRAFFIC STOPS
FBI CHART
47
Profile of Victim Officers
Law enforcement officers 1961-65 | 1966-70
Median years of service
Percent with 1 year or less service
Percent with 5 years or less service...._.___-
Percent over 10 years of service
SESan ak RE
Bika SBES
|
|
1 year or less of service, 47 percent had 5 years
or less, and 29 percent had over 10 years of service.
The preceding table sets forth additional informa-
tion concerning the victim officers.
Types of Assignment
Officers who are assigned patrol duties within
law enforcement organizations have the most
hazardous type of assignment. During the course
of his duties the patrol officer is frequently in
contact with suspicious persons who are in auto-
mobiles or on foot. Each of these situations consti-
tutes a threat to the officer’s personal safety. The
patrol officer is readily identifiable because of his
uniform and/or patrol vehicle. The patrol officer
cannot hide his presence or official capacity. The
patrol officer frequently must determine quickly
and accurately if a person, or persons, is involved
in a criminal act, and if the person, or persons,
constitutes a danger to his personal safety. The
patrol officer does not have the benefit of 20/20
hindsight, which other people not immediately
involved, constantly utilize. The patrol officer also
risks his life through frequent encounters with
criminal offenders at, or near, crime scenes. These
perils are in a large measure substantiated by the
fact that officers assigned to patrol duty are the
most frequent targets of the police killer. Officers
assigned in other capacities are confronted with
equally tense and dangerous types of situations
while performing their duties, but not with the
same frequency.
During 1970, 64 patrol officers were slain. Sixty
of these officers were assigned to patrol cars while
four were foot patrolmen. Twenty-four officers
were detectives or officers on special assignments.
During 1970, in the highest tradition of the law
enforcement profession, 12 officers while in an
off-duty status were taking appropriate police
action concerning crimes committed in their
presence when they were slain. Since 1961, 72
percent or 456 of the 633 officers slain by felons
48
were assigned to patrol duties. In 1970, 40 of the
officers were alone when killed. During the period
1961-1970, 35 percent or 224 of the officers were
alone when they sacrificed their lives for the com-
munity they were sworn to protect. Information
is set forth in the following table concerning types
of assignment and circumstances involved in con-
nection with the murders of officers during the
periods of 1961-1965 and 1966-1970.
Time of Murder
The months of January and June proved to
be the most dangerous for law enforcement
officers during 1970. During each of these months
15 officers were feloniously murdered.
In 1970, more officers were slain on Friday than
on any other ¢. , of the week. This is in contrast to
1969, when more officers were killed on Sunday.
During the period 1961-1970, Friday proved to be
the most dangerous day. One hundred eight
officers were killed on Friday, 96 Saturday, 92
Monday, 89 Thursday, 88 Sunday, 83 Wednesday,
and 77 on Tuesday. During the period 1966-1970,
Monday was the most dangerous day with 63
officers slain followed by Friday with 58, Satur-
day 56, Sunday 55, Thursday 54, Tuesday 51,
and Wednesday 46. During the period 1961-1965,
Friday was the most dangerous day with 50
officers being killed, followed by Saturday with
40, Wednesday 37, Thursday °5, Sunday 33,
Monday 29, and Tuesday 26. During the 10-year
period, 1961-1970, 70 percent of all killings of
law enforcement officers occurred between 4:00
p.m. and 4:00 a.m. The most dangerous times
were between 11:00 p.m. and midnight when 53
officers were killed and from 1:00 a.m. until 2:00
a.m. when 54 officers were murdered. Chart 25
shows the distribution of police murders by hour
of day in all instances when known.
Criminal Offenders
Law enforcement cleared 91 of the 100 police
murders that occurred in calendar year 1970. In
clearing these crimes, law enforcement arrested
133 persons. Thirty-nine percent of the offenders
were white and 61 percent Negro.
During the period 1961-1970, 633 officers were
slain; 849 offenders were arrested, clearing 96
percent of these killings. Seventy-one percent
of the offenders had prior arrest for criminal
charges. Fifty-seven percent of the offenders had
been convicted of prior criminal charges and
38 percent had prior arrests for violent types
of crime such as murder, rape, armed robbery,
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BY HOUR OF DAY
1961 - 1970
FBI CHART
Chart 26
CRIMINAL HISTORY PROFILE OF
849 PERSONS ARRESTED FOR
MURDERING LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS
gene 7/77 a
aggravated assault, etc. Sixty-seven percent of
those who had previously been convicted on
criminal charges had been granted leniency in the
form of parole or probation. In fact, 23 percent
of the offenders were on parole or probation when
they were involved with the murder of an officer.
Seven percent of the offenders had a prior arrest
for a narcotics charge and 3 percent had prior
arrests for police assault.
Ninety-six percent were male and 4 percent
female. During this period, 56 percent of the
offenders were white and 44 percent Negro.
In 1970, 10 offenders were killed at the scene
of the crime or soon thereafter by officers and one
offender committed suicide. For the period
1961-1970, 92 assailants were killed at the crime
site or within a short time after the murder was
committed; 18 committed suicide shortly after
the killing and four died from other causes.
Between 1961 and 1970 the offenders ranged
in age from 13 years to 82. During this period the
median age of these offenders was 25 while one-
half were between the ages of 20 and 30. Nine per-
cent, or 78 were under the age of 18 and 20 was
the most common age of the police killers. In 1970,
the median age of the offenders was 25 and one-
half of these persons were between the ages of 20
and 30. Six of the persons committing these fatal
attacks were under the age of 18. The most com-
mon age of the police killer was 20 in 1970.
The following table sets forth additional details
regarding the offender.
Geographic Locations
The 100 law enforcement officers slain during
1970 were from 70 different law enforcement
agencies in 27 states. The Chicago, Ill., Police
Department had 10 officers murdered and the
New York City Police Department had seven
officers slain. The State of California had the
highest number of officers killed during the year.
While safeguarding life and property, 20 law en-
forcement officers were murdered. The State of
Illinois was second with 12 and New York State
was third with nine, followed by the States of
Michigan and Ohio with seven each.
Assaults on Officers
One of the increasingly serious problems facing
law enforcement today is the growing attitude of
disrespect for police and the failure of citizens to
come to the aid of the officers being attacked as
52
Offenders
Under age of 18.
From 20 to 30 years of age.
2PESwR ZS O
8 8 & &
oe © & & FS AFFeSVSu
Prior arrest for assaulting
policeman or resisting
13 at
Most common age of offender: 1961-65, age 25; 1966-70, age 20; 1961-70,
age 20.
they attempt to perform their lawful duties. These
duties often necessitate confrontations with emo-
tionally aroused citizens protesting real or
imagined grievances. These situations have, in a
large measure, accounted for the upward trend
of assaults on police. There was an increase of 11
percent in the rate of assaults on police in 1970
over 1969. Nationally, there were 18.7 assaults for
every 100 officers in 1970 up from 16.9 in 1969
and 15.8 in 1968. Geographically, the highest
assault rate occurred in the East North Central
States with 27 for every 100 officers, followed by
21 in South Atlantic and Pacific States.
While every assault does not result in personal
injury to the police officer, many of them—34
percent in 1969 and 35 percent in 1970—did
result in physical harm to the officer and usually
in loss of duty time. The national assault-with—
injury rate of 6.6 per 100 officers reflects the
continuing hazards of the law enforcement pro-
fession when compared with the rates of 5.7 in
1969, 6.6 in 1968, and 5.4 in 1967. In 1970, 81
percent of the police assaults were by use of hands,
fists, feet, teeth, ete. Where weapons were used in
committing these assaults firearms were used in 31
percent, a knife or cutting instrument in 15 per-
cent and blunt objects or other weapons in 54
percent. Table 54 sets out police assault rates
for geographic divisions and population groups
for 1970.
Accidental Deaths
Three hundred forty-five law enforcement offi-
cers died as a result of accidents occurring in the
line of duty for the period of 1961 through 1969.
In 1970, an additional 46 officers died, bringing the
total number of such deaths from 1961 through
1970 to 391. These officers were not included in
the preceding information concerning law enforce-
ment officers who were killed as a result of felonious
criminal action. Automobile accidents have claimed
the lives of 204 officers making it the leading cause
of accidental deaths in the law enforcement profes-
sion. Seventy-nine officers have been killed in
accidents involving motorcycles. Forty-two died
as a result of accidents while they were directing
traffic or while they were at the scene of a previous
accident. The other deaths took place when fire-
arms were accidentally discharged, helicopter
crashes, falls, etc. Thirteen officers were killed in
these types of accidents in 1970.
So
Law Enforcement Code of Ethics
As a Law Enforcement Officer, my fundamental duty is to
serve mankind, to safeguard lives and property; to protect the innocent against
deception, the weak against oppression or intimidation, and the peaceful
against violence or disorder; and to respect the Constitutional rights of all
men to ltherty, equality and justice.
¥ willl hep my private fe unsullied as an example to all, maintain coura-
geous calm in the face of danger, scom, or ridicule; develop self-restraint; and
be constantly mindful of the welfare of others. Honest in thought and deed
in both my personal and official life, 9 will be exemplary in obeying the laws
of the land and the regulations of my department. Whatever 9 see or hear of
a confidential nature or that is confided to me in my official capacity will be
hept ever secret unless revelation is necessary in the performance of my duty.
Twill never act officiously or permit personal feelings, prejudices, animos-
ities or friendships to influence my decisions. With no compromise for crime
and with relentless prosecution of criminals, 9 will enforce the law courteously
and appropriately without fear or favor, malice or ill will, never employing
unnecessary e or stillines and never accepting gratuities.
I rerognize the badge of my office asa symbol of public faith, and
I accept it as a public trust to be held so long as Iam true to the ethics of
the police service. JI will constantly strive to achieve these objectives and ideals,
dedicating myself before God to my chosen profession at bow enforcement.
INTRODUCTION
Background
The Uniform Crime Reporting Program is the
outgrowth of a need for a national and uniform
compilation of law enforcement statistics. This
need was expressed by law enforcement executives
many years ago. In 1930, crime reports were
solicited from law enforcement agencies through-
out the Nation based on uniform classifications
and procedures developed by the Committee on
Uniform Crime Records of the International
Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP). In that
year the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI),
on request of the above organization, assumed
the role as the national clearinghouse.
The Committee on Uniform Crime Records,
IACP, continues to serve in an advisory capacity
to the FBI in the operation of this Program. In
this connection, the Field Service Division of the
IACP is also playing an active and effective part
in quality control through surveys of police record
and crime reporting systems. Dr. Peter P. Lejins,
Professor, Department of Sociology, University
of Maryland, continues as a consultant to the
FBI in the conduct of this Program.
The National Sheriff’s Association (NSA) in
June 1966, established a Committee on Uniform
Crime Records to serve in an advisory capacity
to the NSA membership and the national Uni-
form Crime Reporting Program. This Committee
actively encourages sheriffs throughout the coun-
try to fully participate in this important Program.
Committees on Uniform Crime Reporting with-
in state law enforcement associations are active
in providing service by promoting interest in the
Uniform Crime Reporting Program, fostering
more widespread and more intelligent use of
uniform crime statistics and by lending assistance
to contributors when the need exists.
In the last several years the FBI has been
actively assisting individual states in the develop-
ment of statewide programs of police statistics
compatible with the national system. These
statistical programs have been given impetus by
developing statewide computerized law enforce-
ment information systems, of which they are an
439-758 O- 71-5
essential part. Through such mandatory state
programs more complete and a better quality of
reporting is envisioned. Likewise, through coordi-
nation with the state agency the data is available
for the use of the state, and the collection machin-
ery to the national agency is substantially
streamlined.
In 1969 the FBI ceased the collection of all data
directly from municipalities and counties in New
Jersey and Michigan. In California the FBI no
longer collects the monthly offenses known reports
direct from law enforcement agencies; however,
the annual arrest, disposition of persons charged,
and law enforcement employee reports continue
to be collected direct from the individual law
enforcement agencies. During 1969 and 1970 seven
additional states began collecting ‘all Uniform
Crime Reporting data from individual agencies.
These states are Kentucky, Rhode Island, Penn-
sylvania, Minnesota, Nebraska, Florida, and Wis-
consin. At least 12 additional states have enacted
necessary legislation to establish State Uniform
Crime Reporting Programs. Most of these states
are actively working with the FBI in an effort to
establish their systems in 1972. The cenditions
under which these systems are established are as
follows:
(1) The state program must conform to the
national Uniform Crime Reports standards and
information required. This, of course, does not
prohibit the state from collecting other statistical
data beyond the national collection. (2) The state
agency must have a proven effective mandatory
statewide program with at least 2 years experience.
(3) Coverage within the state by a state agency
must at least be equal to that attained by Uniform
Crime Reports. (4) The state agency must have
adequate field staff assigned to assist local units in
record practices and crime reporting procedures.
(5) The state agency must furnish to the FBI all
of the detailed data regularly collected by the FBI
in the form of duplicate returns, computer print-
outs or magnetic tape. (6) The state must have the
proven capability (tested over a period of time) to
supply all the statistical data required to the FBI
57
in time to meet national Uniform Crime Reports
publication deadlines. (7) The FBI will continue
its internal procedures of verifying and reviewing
individual agency reports for both completeness
and quality. (8) The FBI will continue to have
direct contact with individual reporting units with-
in the state where necessary in connection with
crime reporting matters, but will coordinate such
contacts with the state agency. (9) Upon request,
the FBI will continue its training programs within
the ‘state with respect to police records and crime
reporting procedures. For mutual benefit these will
be coordinated with the state agency. (10) Should
circumstances develop whereby the state agency
cannot provide the data required by the national
program, the FBI will reinstitute a direct collec-
tion of Uniform Crime Reports from police units
within the state.
Objectives
The fundamental objective of this Program is to
produce a reliable fund of nationwide criminal
statistics for administrative and operational use of
law enforcement agencies and executives. At the
same time, meaningful data is provided for other
professionals with related interests in the crime
problem and for scholars, as well as to inform the
public of general crime conditions.
Specifically, the means utilized to attain these
goals are: (1) An attempt is made to measure the
extent, fluctuation and distribution of serious crime
in the United States through the use of a Crime
Index consisting of seven selected offenses. This
count is based on these seven offenses being
reported to the police or coming directly to their
attention. (2) The total volume of all types of
criminal offenses is compiled as they become known
by police arrests. (3) Since the above are also
measures of law enforcement activity, related data
is collected to demonstrate effectiveness of enforce-
ment activities, available police strength and sig-
nificant factors involved in crime.
Reporting Procedure
Under this national voluntary system each con-
tributing law enforcement agency is wholly respon-
sible for compiling its own crime reports for
submission to the FBI. Each contributor is
supplied with the Uniform Crime Reporting Hand-
book which outlines in detail procedures for
scoring and classifying offenses. The Handbook
illustrates and discusses the monthly and annual
reporting forms; as well as the numerous tally
58
sheets made available to facilitate the periodic
tabulation of the desired data.
The publication of the Uniform Crime Reporting
“Newsletter,” which was initiated in October 1963,
has continued with issues being published when
pertinent. This “Newsletter” is utilized to explain
revisions in the Program as well*as to present
information and instructional material to assist
contributors.
Recognizing that a sound records system is
necessary if crime reporting is to meet desirable
standards, the FBI furnishes a Manual of Police
Records to law enforcement agencies upon request.
Special Agents of the FBI are widely utilized to
encourage new contributors and to assist them by
explaining the procedures and definitions necessary
under the uniform system.
On a monthly basis, law enforcement agencies
(police, sheriffs, and state police) report the num-
ber of offenses that became known to them during
the month in the following crime categories:
Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, man-
slaughter by negligence, forcible rape, robbery,
assault, burglary, larceny and auto theft. This
count is taken from a record of all complaints of
crimes received by the law enforcement agency
from victims, other sources, and/or discovered by
officers. Whenever complaints of crime are deter-
mined through investigation to be unfounded or
false they are eliminated from this count. The
number of ‘offenses known” in these crime cate-
gories is reported to the FBI without regard to
whether anyone is arrested for the crime, stolen
property recovered, local prosecutive policy, or
any other consideration. Law enforcement agencies
on a monthly basis report the total number of these
reported crimes which they clear either by arrest
or by exceptional means. A separate count of
crimes cleared which involve only persons under
the age of 18 is shown. Law enforcement agencies
also report the number of justifiable homicides
which occur, the number of law enforcement of-
ficers killed, and the value of property stolen and
recovered during the month. Total arrests are also
reported for all criminal acts, except traffic, sep-
arated as to adults and juveniles.
On an annual basis law enforcement agencies
provide detailed arrest reports on persons arrested
for all criminal offenses, except traffic, with respect
to the age, sex, and race of the offenders, as well as
a report on the number of persons formally charged
and their ultimate disposition. Law enforcement
employee data specifically encompasses the number
ee
“a
Eee ae we rew wa ww °F
t+ aars
of sworn and other personnel, and is collected as
of December 31 each year. As State Uniform
Crime Reporting systems are developed the states
are encouraged to have law enforcement agencies
report the detailed arrest data by crime category,
age, sex, and race on a monthly basis as well as the
report concerning the number of persons formally
charged and the disposition of such charges. Begin-
ning in January 1972, a monthly collection will be
made on law enforcement officers assaulted. Data
will be collected concerning the type of weapon
used and the circumstances of the assault as well as
information concerning injury, if any, to the victim
officer.
Reporting Area
During calendar year 1970, crime reports were
received from law enforcement agencies repre-
senting 97 percent of the total United States
population living in standard metropolitan sta-
tistical areas, 88 percent of the population in other
cities, and 71 percent of the rural population. The
combined coverage accounts for 91 percent of the
national population.
Presentation of crime data by areas as used in
this publication follows as closely as practical the
definitions used by the Office of Management and
Budget and the Bureau of the Census for standard
metropolitan statistical areas and other cities. There
is, however, some deviation insofar as the rural area
is concerned. For crime reporting purposes rural is
generally the unincorporated portion of a county
outside of standard metropolitan statistical areas.
In addition, statistics are presented in certain
tables relative to “suburban” areas. A suburban
area consists of cities with 50,000 or less population
together with counties which are within a standard
metropolitan statistical area. In this use of sub-
urban the core city experience is, of course, ex-
cluded. The suburban area concept is used because
of the particular crime conditions which exist in
these communities surrounding the major core
cities. These metropolitan areas are not rural in
nature, yet neither are they comparable to large
cities although they have many of the problems
identified with the latter.
Standard metropolitan statistical areas are
generally made up of an entire county or counties
having at least one core city of 50,000 or more
inhabitants, with the whole meeting the require-
ments of certain metropolitan characteristics. In
New England, “town” instead of “county” is used
to describe standard metropolitan statistical areas.
These towns do not coincide generally with estab-
lished crime reporting units; therefore, metro-
politan state economic areas in New England are
used in these area tabulations since they encom-
pass an entire county or counties. Standard
metropolitan statistical areas, as used in this
publication, make up approximately 69 percent
of the total United States population.
Other cities are urban places outside standard
metropolitan statistical areas. Most of these places
of 2,500 or more inhabitants are incorporated and
comprise 12 percent of the 1970 population. Rural
areas are made up of the unincorporated portions
of counties outside of urban places and standard
metropolitan statistical areas and represent 19
percent of our national population. Throughout
this Program, sheriffs, county police and many
State police report on crimes committed within the
limits of the counties but outside cities, while local
police report on crime committed within the city
limits (urban places).
Verification Processes
Uniformity of crime data collected under this
Program is of primary concern to the FBI as the
national clearinghouse. With the receipt of reports
covering approximately 9,200 jurisdictions, pre-
pared on a voluntary basis, the problems of attain-
ing uniformity are readily apparent. Issuance of
instructions does not complete the role of the FBI.
On the contrary, it is standard operating procedure
to examine each incoming report not only for
arithmetical accuracy but also, and possibly of
even more importance, for reasonableness as a
possible indication of errors.
Variations in the level and ratios among the
crime classes established by previous reports of
each agency are used as a measure of possible or
probable incompleteness or changes in reporting
policy. Necessary arithmetical adjustments or
unusual variations are brought to the attention
of the submitting agency by correspondence. Dur-
ing 1970, 21,250 letters were addressed to con-
tributors primarily as a result of editing and eval-
uation processes. Correspondence with contrib-
utors is the principal tool for supervision of
quality. Not only are the individual reports stud-
59
ied, but also periodic trends for individual report-
ing units are prepared, as are crime rates in
descending order for all units grouped for general
comparability to assist in detecting variations and
fluctuations possibly due to some reason other than
chance. For the most part, the problem is one of
keeping the contributors informed of the type
information necessary to the success of this
Program.
The elimination of duplication of crime reporting
by the various agencies is given constant attention.
In addition to detailed instructions as to the limits
of reporting jurisdictions between sheriffs and
police in urban places, lists of urban places by
county are furnished to sheriffs, county police
and in some instances state police organizations.
Uniform Crime Reporting has been taught to
all law enforcement officers attending the FBI
National Academy. The Academy was established
in 1935 and there are 3,175 graduates who are still
in law enforcement, 28 percent of whom are the
executive heads of law enforcement agencies. The
FBI also presents this subject to regional law
enforcement schools throughout the country.
Contacts by Special Agents of the FBI are uti-
lized to enlist the cooperation of new contributors
and to explain the purpose of this Program and
the methods of assembling information for report-
ing. When correspondence, including specially
designed questionnaires fail, Special Agents may
be directed to visit the contributor to affirmatively
resolve the misunderstanding.
Variations from the desired reporting standards
which cahnot be resolved by the steps indicated
above are brought to the attention of the Com-
mittee on Uniform Crime Records of the [ACP.
The Committee may designate a representative to
make a personal visit to the local department to
assist in the needed revision of records and
reporting methods.
It is clear, of course, that regardless of the
extent of the statistical verification processes
used by the FBI, the accuracy of the data assem-
bled under this Program depends upon the degree
of sincere effort exerted by each contributor to
meet the necessary standards of reporting and,
for this reason, the FBI is not in a position to
vouch for the validity of the reports received.
The Crime Totals
Communities not represented by crime reports
are relatively few, as discussed previously and as
shown by an examination of the tables which
60
follow presenting 1970 crime totals for the Index
of Crime classifications. The FBI conducts a
continuing program to further reduce the unre-
ported areas.
Within each of the three areas—standard
metropolitan statistical, other urban and rural—
it is assumed that the unreported portion had the
same proportionate crime experience as that for
which reports were received. In lieu of figures for
the entire year from those agencies, reports for
as many as 9 months are accepted as sufficiently
representative on which to base estimates for the
year. Estimates for unreported areas are based on
the reported crime experience of similar areas
within each state. Certain refinements are made
of this basic estimating procedure as the need
arises.
Crime Trends
Crime data for trends are homogeneous to the
extent that figures from identical reporting units
are used for each of the periods tabulated. In all
trend tabulations only those reporting units are
used which have provided comparable data for
the period under consideration. National, geo-
graphic and area trends are always established
on the basis of 2 consecutive years. Exclusions
from trend computations are made when figures
from a reporting unit are obviously inaccurate for
any period or when it is ascertained that unusual
fluctuations are due to such variables as improved
records procedures and not to chance.
As a matter of standard procedure crime trends
for individual places are analyzed five times a year
by the FBI. Any significant increase or decrease
is made the subject of a special inquiry with the
contributing agency. In 1970 for example, more
than 2,200 letters were sent to police administra-
tors of contributing agencies inquiring as to the
reason for significant increases or decreases in
pertinent crime classifications. The communication
containing this inquiry specifically directs atten-
tion to possible changes in records or reporting
procedures. When it is found that crime reporting
procedures are in part responsible for the difference
in the level of crime, the figures for specific crime
categories or totals are excluded from the trend
tabulations. Year-to-year trends in Uniform
Crime Reports are valid and may be used to
reasonably establish long-term trends as well as
to re-estimate crime volume and reconstruct crime
trends for prior years. It can be assumed logically
that the current year is the most complete in terms
eee ae ae Se eS eee ee
oo oo" @
=
1
8
of volume. Trend or percent change as established
by comparable units for each 2-year period is then
applied as the basis for re-estimating the volume
of crime for prior years.
On the other hand, crime rate tables by state
and standard metropolitan statistical area contain
the most reliable reports available for the current
year, and care should be exercised in any direct
comparisons with prior issues. Changes in crime
level may have been due in part to improved
reporting or records procedures rather than to
chance.
Population Data
In computing crime rates by state, geographic
division, standard metropolitan statistical area
and the Nation as a whole, the 1970 Decennial
Census Reports issued by the Bureau of the Census
were used. The estimated United States popula-
tion increase in 1970 was 1 percent over 1969
according to the Decennial Census Reports.
Classification of Offenses
A stumbling block to a uniform national crime
reporting system in the United States results
from variations in definitions of criminal viola-
tions among the states. This obstacle, insofar as
uniformity of definitions is concerned, was re-
moved by the adoption of a standard set of crime
classifications. To some extent the title of each
classification connotes in a general way its content.
However, in reading the explanation of each
category, it is very important to keep in mind
that because of the differences among the state
codes there is no possibility in a system such as
this to distinguish between crimes by designations
such as “felony” and ‘‘misdemeanor.”’
A continuing program is carried out to furnish
contributors with timely supplemental instruc-
tions as the need arises in certain classifications.
These are aimed at the clarification of any mis-
understandings which may arise and the redirec-
tion of attention to the proper application of
classification procedures under this system.
Brief definitions of crime classifications utilized
in this Program are listed below:
1. Criminal homicide.—(a) Murder and nonnegli-
gent manslaughter: all willful felonious homicides
as distinguished from deaths caused by negligence.
Excludes attempts to kill, assaults to kill, suicides,
accidental deaths, or justifiable homicides. Justifi-
able homicides are limited to: (1) the killing of a
person by a peace officer in line of duty; (2) the
killing of a person in the act of committing a
felony by a private citizen. (6) Manslaughter by
negligence: any death which the police investiga-
tion establishes was primarily attributable to
gross negligence of some individual other than
the victim.
2. Forcible rape.— Rape by force, assault to rape
and attempted rape. Excludes statutory offenses
(no force used—victim under age of consent).
3. Robbery.—Stealing or taking anything of
value from the care, custody or control of a person
by force or violence or by putting in fear, such as
strong-arm robbery, stickups, armed robbery,
assault to rob and attempts to rob.
4. Aggravated assault.— Assault with intent to
kill or for the purpose of inflicting severe bodily
injury by shooting, cutting, stabbing, maiming,
poisoning, scalding, or by the use of acids, ex-
plosives, or other means. Excludes simple assault,
assault and battery, fighting, etc.
5. Burglary—breaking or entering.—Burglary,
housebreaking, safecracking, or any breaking or
unlawful entry of a structure with the intent to
commit a felony or a theft. Includes attempts.
6. Larceny—theft (except auto theft).—(a) Fifty
dollars and over in value; (6) under $50 in value.
Thefts of bicycles, automobile accessories, shop-
lifting, pocket-picking, or any stealing of property
or article of value which is not taken by force
and violence or by fraud. Excludes embezzlement,
“con” games, forgery, worthless checks, etc.
7. Auto theft.—Stealing or driving away and
abandoning a motor vehicle. Excludes taking for
temporary or unauthorized use by those having
lawful access to the vehicle.
8. Other assaults.—Assaults and attempted as-
saults which are not of an aggravated nature.
9. Arson.—Willful or malicious burning with or
without intent to defraud. Includes attempts.
10. Forgery and counterfeiting —Making, alter-
ing, uttering or possessing, with intent to defraud,
anything false which is made to appear true.
Includes attempts.
11. Fravd.—Fraudulent conversion and obtain-
ing money or property by false pretenses. Includes
bad checks except forgeries and counterfeiting.
12. Embezzlement.—Misappropriation or misap-
plication of money or property entrusted to one’s
care, custody or control.
13. Stolen property; buying, receiving, possessing. —
Buying, receiving, and possessing stolen property
and attempts.
61
14. Vandalism.—Willful or malicious destruc-
tion, injury, disfigurement or defacement of
property without consent of the owner or person
having custody or control.
15. Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc.—All
violations of regulations or statutes controlling
the carrying, using, possessing, furnishing and
manufacturing of deadly weapons or silencers.
Includes attempts.
16. Prostitution and commercialized vice.—Sex
offenses of a commercialized nature and attempts,
such as prostitution, keeping a bawdy house,
procuring or transporting women for immoral
purposes.
17. Sex offenses (except forcible rape, prostitu-
tion, and commercialized vice).—Statutory rape,
offenses against chastity, common decency, morals
and the like. Includes attempts.
18. Narcotic drug laws.—Offenses relating to
narcotic drugs, such as unlawful possession, sale or
use. Excludes violations limited strictly to Federal
control.
19. Gambling.—Promoting, permitting, or en-
gaging in gambling.
20. Offenses against the family and children.—
Nonsupport, neglect, desertion, or abuse of family
and children.
21. Driving under the influence.—Driving or
operating any motor vehicle while drunk or under
the influence of liquor or narcotics.
22. Liquor laws.—State or local liquor law viola-
tions, except “drunkenness” (class 23) and
“driving under the influence” (class 21). Excludes
Federal violations.
23. Drunkenness.—Drunkenness or intoxication.
24. Disorderly conduct.—Breach of the peace.
25. Vagrancy.—Vagabondage, begging, loiter-
ing, etc.
26. All other offenses.—aAll violations of state or
local laws, except classes 1-25 and traffic.
27. Suspicion.—Arrests for no specific offense
and released without formal charges being placed.
28. Curfew and loitering laws (juveniles).—Offenses
relating to violation of local curfew or loitering
ordinances where such laws exist.
29. Runaway (juveniles).—Limited to juveniles
taken into protective custody under provisions of
local statutes as runaways.
The Index of
In this section, tabulations are shown to indi-
cate the probable extent, fluctuation and distribu-
tion of crime for the United States as a whole,
geographic divisions, individual states and stand-
ard metropolitan statistical areas. The measure
used is a Crime Index consisting of seven impor-
tant offenses which are counted as they become
known to the law enforcement agencies. Crime
classifications used in the Index are: murder and
nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery,
aggravated assault, burglary—breaking or enter-
ing, larceny $50 and over and auto theft.
The total number of criminal acts that occur is
unknown, but those that are reported to the police
provide the first means of a count. Not all crimes
come readily to the attention of the police; not all
crimes are of sufficient importance to be signifi-
cant in an index; and not all important crimes
occur with enough regularity to be meaningful in
an index. With these considerations in mind, the
above crimes were selected as a group to furnish
Crime, 1970
an abbreviated and convenient measure of the
crime problem.
It is important to remember in reviewing the
tables in this section that the volume of crime in a
state or standard metropolitan statistical area is
subject to the factors set forth on page vii. The 1970
Decennial Census Reports published by the Bureau
of the Census have been used to construct crime
rates. With our highly mobile population all
communities, metropolitan areas and states are
affected to a greater or lesser degree by the ele-
ment of transient population. This factor is not
accounted for in crime rates since no reliable
estimates by state are available nationwide.
Tables are presented showing the comparative
crime experience by population group of suburban
cities having 50,000 or less inhabitants with cities
of the same size isolated from suburban areas. The
effects of being a part of the metropolitan fringe
can be readily discerned by a review of these
tables.
Table 1.—Index of Crime, United States, 1970
|
Murder
Total Violent 2 | Property?]| and non- | Forcible gi Larcen Auto
crime crime crime negligent Robbery $50 an theft
index man- ul over
slaughter
United States Total . 203,184,772 | 5,568,197 731,402 | 4,836,795 15,812 329,937 | 2,169,322
1,746,107
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants - - 2,740, 5
Standard Metropolitan Statistical
140,226,949
Area actually reporting * 97.2% | 4, 691, 72 4, 057, 279 259, 687
Estimated total 4, 762, 638 4, 121, 560 263,701 | 1,825,851
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants _ -
24,092,789
Area actually reporting 87.8%
Estimated total 445, 129 174, 775
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants - -
Area actually reporting
Estimated total ‘ 313, 801
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants - - A ‘ 807.4
1 Population is Bureau of the Census decennial census, 1970.
2 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault; property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny $50 and over and auto theft.
3 The percentage representing area actually reporting will not coincide with the ratio between reported and estimated crime totals since these data represent
the sum of the calculations for individual states which have varying populations, portions reporting and crime rates.
Table 2.—index of Crime, United States, 1960-1970
Violent * | Property ?
crime crime
Number of offenses:
1960—179,323,175 2, 014, 600
1961—182,963,000_................... -| 2,082,400
2, 213, 600
2, 435, 900
' Population is Bureau of the Census provisional estimates as of July 1, except Apr. 1, 1960 and 1970, census.
? Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault. Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny $50 and over and auto
theft.
3 Percent change and crime rates calculated prior to rounding number of offenses. Revised estimates and rates based on changes in reporting practices.
Table 3.—index of Crime by Regions,
(Number and rate per 100,000
Total Crime Index Violent crime *
Year | Population '!
Number | Rate per Number | Rate per | N&mber | Rate per | Number | Rate per
100,000 100, 100, 100,000
2, 476, 9 655, 061 4, 346, 391
2, 740.5 731, 402 4, 836, 795
+10,6 +117 +113
48, 782, 000 2, 585. 8 161, 188 1, 100, 211
2, 845.9 188, 809 1, 205, 683
+10.1 +17.1 +9. 6
11, 512, 000 2, 319. 1 17, 521 249, 456
11, 847, 186 2, 553. 8 20, 218 282, 331
+10.1 +15. 4
2, 334.9 4,415
3, 082, 217 2, 574.9 5, 167
978, 000 1, 085. 7 681
993, 663 1, 141.6
5, 467, 000 2, 740. 2
5, 689, 170 3, 004. 0
New Hampshire 717, 000 981.3
737, 681 1, 192.7
Rhode Island 911, 000 2, 793. 4
949, 723 2, 925. 8
439, 000 1,027.1
444, 732 1, 269. 1
37, 271, 000 2, 668. 1
37, 152,813 | 1, 091, 943 2, 989, 1
+9.8 +10. 2
175, 722 2, 458. 3
196, 709 2, 744. 2
653, 405 3, 566. 4
713, 453 3, 922. 1
165, 295 1,400. 4
181, 781 1,541.3
1, 217, 113
1, 357, 129
+11. 5
907, 025
1, 023, 588
+12.9
246, 154
260, 858
99, 241
117, 923
279, 883
324, 742
223, 223
10, 652, 017 253, 158
4, 233, 000 58, 524
4, 417, 933 66, 907
See footnotes at end of table.
L
}
}
}
2
)
5
5
B
3
9
‘
6
1
0
Geographic Divisions and State, 1969-70
inhabitants percent change over 1969]
Forcible rape Robbery Aggravated assault
36, 470 18,1
18,3
Number Rate Number Rate per | Number | Rate
100,000 1 100, DO
Burglary
Number
1, 949, 843
507, 268
+12.1
330, 774
377, 022
+14.0
81, 602
85, 067
38, 935
44, 664
109, 647
132, 546
79, 489
90, 953
21, 101
23, 792
Rate per
100,000
Larceny $50 and over
Number
366, 851
429, 789
+17.2
267, 747
316, 165
+18. 1
62, 593
66, 234
31, 327
39, 270
83, 983
101, 514
65, 310
79, 438
24, 534
29, 709
Rate per
100,000
755, 1
Auto theft
Number Rate
100,000
431,8
Table 3.—index of Crime by Regions,
{Number and rate per 100,000
Total Crime Index Violent crime ? Property crime ? Murder and nonneg-
Year | Population ! 7 ws
Number Rate per Number | Rate per | Number
100,000
1969 16, 174, 000 1,917.2
16, 324, 389 2, 043. 2
+6.6
1, 270.8
1, 435.3
1, 764. 6
2, 143. 8
2, 022. 8
2, 103. 4
2, 732. 7
2, 765. 0
1, 416.3
1, 517.2
748. 3
846. 1
1, 020. 9
1, 152.1
+t
28eee582
Row e882
1,323, 179 1,117, 413
1, 507, 263 1, 279, 823
Percent change +13.9 +14.5
South Atlantic ¢ 702, 992 583, 270
816, 474 686, 010
+16.1 8 . +17.6
11, 966 10, 690
14, 887 13, 484
201, 160 171, 749
244, 309 210, 575
82, 750 71, 515
101, 279 87, 303
123, 552 99, 257
131, 283 106, 771
80, 216 62, 461
94, 506 . 76, 173
45, 541 . 39, 112
53, 540 46, 153
81, 070 70, 427
99, 904 . 87, 864
13, 910 ; 12, 144
16, 722 14, 564
SSSSISFSRESESS es
ee
= <
ERSSHSSELSE
3, 531, 000
3, 444, 165
3, 232, 000
3, 219, 311
2, 260, 000
2, 216, 912
3, 985, 000
3, 924, 164
3, 643, 180
2, 568, 000
2, 559, 253
11, 187, 000
11, 196, 730
See footnotes at end of table.
Geographic Divisions and State, 1969-70—Continued
inhabitants; percent change over 1969]
Forcible rape Robbery Burglary Lareeny $50 and over Auto theft
Number Rate Number Rate per | Number | Rate Number Rate Number Rate Number | Rate
100,000" 100,000 100,000. 100, 100,000. 100,000"
2, 418 14.9 14, 272 88.2 92.3 121, 890 99, 104 612.7 56, 758 350. 9
2, 402 14.7 16, 279 99.7 95. 8 130, 246 113, 624 696. 0 54, 543 334.1
-.7 —L3 +14.1 +13. 0 +3.8 +69 +147 +13.6 —3.9 -4.8
178 6.4 622 13, 603 14, 882 535.1 4,987 177.5
175 6.2 804 14, 331 ; 19, 081 673.7 4,945 175.0
15.1 1,271 16, 091 15, 701 676. 5 5,291 228.0
1, 689 19, 829 , 18, 053 802. 7 5,772
3, 016 ’ ; 28, 836 26, 533 717.1
3, 389 ; 30, 507 ; 30, 592 804. 0
8, 483 52, 087 29, 896 642. 8
9, 398 . 53, 184 ; 32, 008 684. 2
6, 989 7,100
7,486
1, 583
BSSSEE
BUSRBes
10,749 70, 764 112,2 117, 676
11,331 81,793 130, 2 127, 261
+5.4 +15. 6 +16.0 +8.1
5, 448 . 44, 941 147.4 66, 116
5, 527 51, 674 168. 5 69, 636
+15 +15.0 +143 +5.3
67 614 113.7 556
92 559 102.0 714
1,347 10, 345 162.8 16, 999
1, 509 12, 636 186, 1 18, 819
2, 895 62. 4 6, 995
740 4,395 95.8 8, 139
1,125 3 11, 086 204. 4 11, 734
13, 280 338. 6 9, 934
2,111 40.6 14, 486 29, 429
2, 502 49,2 14, 716
1,345 50.0 4, 388
1, 555 60. 0 5,011 23, 466
3, 645 78.1 6, 032
4, 276 92.0 6, 656
347 19.1 1,224 . 5,870
476 27.3 1,457 6,777
SESEEs
— ~
e85
1, 584 12.1 7, 025 53.6 17, 172 77, 528
1, 883 14.7 7,714 60. 2 21, 144 88, 386
+18.9 +2L5 +9.8 +12.3 +23. 1
494 14.0 1, 448 41.0 6, 415 23, 158
637 18.5 1, 731 50. 3 7,413 26, 283
370 11.4 2, 236 69. 2 2, 803 18, 399
441 13.7 2, 344 72.8 4, 015 22, 662
215 9.1 345 14.6 2, 602 7,479
198 8.9 421 19.0 3, 100 7, 785
505 12.7 2, 996 75. 2 5, 352 28, 492
607 15.5 3, 218 82.0 6, 616 31, 656
18, 798 34, 388 176, 642
22, 405 194, 817
+19. 2 +6.1 ; +10.3
885 2, 961 11, 717
877 13, 176
3, 843 8, 464 26, 013
8, 665 ; 32, 426
1, 248 2, 890 17, 657
1, 378 20, 303
121, 255
128, 912
1970
1970
Population !
26, 525, 774
Total Crime Index
1, 199, 761
1,309, 313
+9.1
209, 348
245, 573
+17.3
52, 233
61, 066
63, 532
80, 834
10, 874
12, 728
10, 330
11, 366
16, 221
19, 531 |
28, 562
29, 113
22, 762
25, 134
4, 834
5, 801
990, 413
1, 063, 740
+7.4
7,452
8, 130
804, 483
859, 373
23, 004
26, 148
53, 877
62, 476
101, 507
107, 613 |
Rate per
100,000
3, 531, 4
3,761, 4
+6.5
2, 610.0
2, 964. 6
+13. 6
3, 085. 2 ||
3, 445, 2
3, 025.3 |
3, 662. 2
1,514.5 ||
1, 785. 1 |
1, 488. 5
1, 636.8 ||
3, 549. 5 ||
3, 996. 2 ||
2, 873. 4
2, 865. 5 ||
2, 178. 2 ||
2, 372.8 |
1, 510.6 |
1, 745.1 ||
3,816. 2 |
4,010. 2 |
+5.1 |
2, 642.6 ||
2, 690.5 ||
4, 137.6 ||
4,307.0 ||
2, 908. 6
3, 396. 2 ||
2, 651.4 ||
2, 987.3 ||
2,983.7 ||
3, 156.6 ||
Violent crime ?
Number
123, 621
132, 287
+7.0
19, 665
22, 849
+16. 2
5, 742
6, 564
6, 275
7, 874
806
879
682
774
1, 948
1, 460
1, 459
286
103, 956
109, 438
+5.3
624
840
89, 878
94, 741
684
938
4, 527
5, 373
8, 243
7, 546
Rate per
100,000
363, 9
380, 0
+4.4
245. 2
275.8
+12.5
339. 2
370.3
298. 8
356. 7
112.3
123.3
98.3
86.1
121.8
222. 8
256. 9
242.3
221.3
Table 3.—Index of Crime by Regions,
[Number and rate per 100, 000
Property crime 2
Number
1, 076, 140
1, 177, 026
+9.4
189, 683
222, 724
+17.4
46, 491
54, 502
57, 257
72, 960
10, 068
11, 849
9, 648
10, 592
14, 579
17, 583
25, 790
26, 138
21, 302
23, 675
4, 548
5, 425
886, 457
954, 302
+7.7
6, 828
7,290
714, 605
764, 632
22, 410
25, 210
49, 350
57, 108
93, 264
100, 067
Rate per
1
3, 415. 6
3, 597. 6
+5.3
2,421.3
2,412.5
3, 675.4
3, 832. 1
2,822.4
3, 274.4
2, 428. 6
2, 730. 4
2,741.4
2, 935. 2
1 Population for each state for 1969 is Bureau of the Census provisional estimate as of July 1 and 1970 is decennial census.
Murder and nonneg-
ligent manslaughter
Number — per
? Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault. Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny $50 and over, and auto
theft.
Geographic Divisions and State, 1969-70—Continued
inhabitants; percent change over 1969]
Forcible rape Robbery Aggravated assault Burglary Larceny $50 and over Auto theft
Number Rate per Number Rate per | Number Rate per Number Rate per Number Rate per | Number Rate per
100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 1
9, 928 29,2 51, 583 151,8 60, 048 176,7 488, 243 1,437, 1 399, 849 1,176.9
10, 071 28,9 54, 823 157.5 65, 182 187,3 536, 686 1,541,8 441, 842
+1.4 —-10 +6.3 +3.8 +8.5 +6.0 +9.9 +7.3 +10.5
1, 664 20.7 6, 267 78.1 141.1 82, 578 1,029.5 76, 345
1, 906 23.0 7, 509 90. 6 155. 5 97, 424 1,176.1 89, 752
+19.8 +16.0 +10, 2 +18.0 +14. 2 +17.6
390 23.0 1, 692 99.9 3, 558 210. 2 22, 053 1, 302.6 17, 012
478 . 2, 130 120. 2 3, 788 213.7 26, 464 1, 493.0 19, 155
605 2, 324 110.7 3, 234 154.0 23, 798 1, 133.2 22,812
795 2, 849 129. 1 4,093 185.4 30, 481 1,380.9 29, 491
72 120 16.7 600 83.6 4, 236 590. 0 4, 888
88 146 20. 5 85.8 4, 803 673.6 6, 018
77
73
94
96
154 22, 2 426 61.4 3, 899 561.8 4, 251
155 22.3 524 75. 5 4, 123 593.7 4,929
781 170.9 726 158.9 6, 245 1, 366.5 5,774
921 188.4 888 181.7 8, 116 1, 660. 6 6, 238
242 633 63.7 1,836 184.7 11, 672 1, 174.2 10, 111 1,017.2
220 672 66. 1 1, 988 195.7 11, 508 1,141.5 10, 557 .
512 49.0 775 74.2 8, 867 848.5 9, 324 892. 2
563 53.1 745 70.3 9, 692 915, 0 10, 633 1, 003. 8
37 51 15,9 165 51.6 1, 808 565. 0 2,173 679.1
41 73 22.0 243 73.1 2,147 645.9 “ 731 821.6
8, 165 30.8 47, 314 52, 301 197.2 439, 262 1, 656, 0 352, 090 1, 327.4 162, 950
—1.2 | -~a1 +4.4 . +7.3 +5.0 +8.3 +5.9 +8.8 +6.5 +3.6
83 | 29.4 190 , 321 | 113.8 2, 455 870. 6 2,705 959. 2 1, 668
79 26.1 217 3 507 167.8 2, 387 789. 9 3, 287 1,071.2 1, 666
7, 053 36.3 39, 240 , 217.0 325, 891 1, 676, 1 256, 71 1, 320.6 131, 943
7, 005 35.1 | 41, 277 45, 083 225.9 349, 788 1, 753.0 277, 330 1, 389.9 137, 514
97 12,2 282 278 35.0 10, 360 1, 304.8 7, 795 981.7 4, 255
91 11.8 487 k 332 43.1 1, 211 1, 456. 1 9, 525 1, 287.2 4,474
371 18.3 1, 760 2, 315 113.9 22, 853 1, 124.7 20, 026 985. 5 6,471
377 18.0 2, 144 2, 755 131.7 26,632} 1,278.4 23, 510 1,124.1 6, 961
660 19.4 | 3, 844 3, 615 106.3 44, 106 1, 206.5 36, 207 1, 064.3 12, 951
613 18.0 3, 189 93.5 3, 624 106.3 49, 244 1, 444.5 38, 488 1, 129.0 12, 335
3 Offense totals based on all reporting agencies and estimates for unreported areas.
4 Includes the District of Columbia.
Table 4.—Index of Crime by State, 1970
Violent !
Population crime
ALABAMA
|
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area...| 1,801,095 |
Area actually reporting 86. 8% 5,130 | 39,184
Estimated total 100. 0% 5,514 | 41,971
Other cities 544, 804
Area actually reporting 59.7% 985 4, 879
Estimated total 100. 0% 1, 652 8,177
1, 098, 176
Area actually reporting 33. 3% 1, 005 | 1, 303
Estimated total 100. 0% 3,019 | 3,916
State total 10,185 | 54,064
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants_-.-_.......| 295.7 | 1,569.7
ALASKA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. _-
Other cities 86, 059
100. 0%
216, 114
Area actually reporting 100. 0%
State total
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
ARIZONA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area...| 1,320,154
Area actually reporting 99, 8%
Estimated total 100. 0%
Other cities 174, 705
Area actually reporting 97.0%
BONEN. Cc intipmaecstsceniien 100. 0%
277, 623
Area actually reporting 55.9%
Estimated total | 100. 0%
1,772, 482
ARKANSAS
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area...
Area actually reporting } 16, 926
Estimated total . 17,510 |
Other cities
Area actually reporting ‘ 4,978 ||
Estimated total . 7, 542
Area actually reporting a 2, 181
Estimated total Fi 5,793 ||
State total 30, 845 ||
1, 603. 8 |
CALIFORNIA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area__| 18, 500,006
Area actually reporting 100.0% | 816, 642 | 724, 531 43,442 | 330,867 | 260,055
Other cities 591, 801 \|
100.0% | 20,872 | 19, 519 812 8, 616 8, 868
861, 327
| 100.0% | 21, 859 || 20, 582 829 | 10,305| 8,407
_.| 19,953,134 ] 859, 373 764, 632 45,083 | 349,788 | 277,330
| 4, 307.0 || 3, 832. 1 ‘ f 225.9 | 1,753.0 | 1,389.9
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4.—Index of Crime by State, 1970—Continued
Violent ! Larcen Auto
Population crime Burglary | $50 an theft
over
COLORADO
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area_.
Area actually reporting
Other cities
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
CONNECTICUT
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. -
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Other cities
DELAWARE
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Area actually reporting.... ..__.....-.
Other cities
1,453
14,887
2, 716. 1
FLORIDA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Area actually reporting 99, 2%
Estimated total 100. 0%
Other cities. 712, 835
Area actually reporting 94.0%
Estimated total 100. 0%
1,419, 615
Area actually reporting 64. 6%
Estimated total 100. 0%
GEORGIA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area__.
Area actually reporting 96. 1% 70, 903
Estimated total 100. 0% 73, 158
Other cities 671, 679
Area actually reporting 67. 3% 8, 583
Estimated total 100. 0% 12, 746
1, 637, 666
Area actually reporting 33. 2% 5, 098
Estimated total 100. 0% 15, 375
4,589,575 | 101,279
2, 206. 7
See footnotes at end of table.
439-758 O- 71-6
Table 4.—Index of Crime by State, 1970—Continued
leswny Auto
$50 an theft
over
Robbery | se! | Burglary
assault
HAWAII
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. __ 630, 528
Area actually reporting 100. 0%
Other cities 54, 380
61. 2%
100. 0%
85, 005
Area actually reporting 70. 5%
Estimated total 100. 0%
769, 913
IDAHO
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area__-
Area actually reporting
Other cities
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
ILLINOIS
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area...
Area actually reporting . 96. 9% 183, 900
Estimated total 100. 0% || | 188, 422
Other cities 930, 345 1] |
Area actually reporting 81.5% i] 9, 526
Estimated total 100. 0% i} 11, 688
1, 280, 566
63. 6% 5, 564
100. 0% 8, 742
11,113, 976 | 208, 852
| 1,879.2
INDIANA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area_...| 3,213, 598
97. 3%
100. 0%
775, 982
91. 2%
100. 0%
1, 204, 089
98. 4%
100. 0%
5,193, 669
IOWA
Standard Metropolitan Statistica] Area_.__
See footnotes at end of table.
74
Table 4.—Index of Crime by State, 1970—Continued
Murder
Prop- jand non-
Population negligent
man-
slaughter
KANSAS
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area...
Area actually reporting
Other cities
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
KENTUCKY
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. --
Area actually reporting 100. 0%
Other cities 584, 885
Area actually reporting 99. 7%
Estimated total 100. 0%
1, 346, 342
Area actually reporting 98. 9%
Estimated total 100. 0%
3, 219, 311
LOUISIANA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area...
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Other cities.
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
MAINE
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. --
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Other cities
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
MARYLAND
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area...
123, 592
123, 814
2, 304
2, 433
5, 036
131, 283
3, 347.0
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4.—Index of Crime by State, 1970—Continued
Area Population
MASSACHUSETTS
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area___ 5, 523, 413
Area actually reporting_.............. 94.3%
een ONE. gcse ee 100. 0%
I rcace 117, 997
Area actually reporting. .........._._. 91. 3%
UII le ak cin calessemiown 100. 0%
ice den 47, 760
Area actually reporting. .............. 100, 0%
EE iteetiahitensccphinatnawctsnaccans 5, 689, 170
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants.____._...|_.......___-
MICHIGAN
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area...| 6, 806, 151
Area actually reporting..__........_.. 95. 6%
Estimated total. .....................- 100. 0%
Ie a 957, 837
Area actually reporting. .........._... 83.9%
Co eee 100. 0%
eee ee i ise cnsseaiece 1, 111, 095
Area actually reporting. .............. 94.7%
I i iebcavndpepassancege 100. 0%
ES bein inca Swab annnsunésiea 8, 875, 083
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants___.......|............
MINNESOTA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area...| 2, 165, 029
Area actually reporting....._......_.. 99. 6%
ee eae 100. 0%
I dik Si 523, 660
Area actually reporting. ......._.....- 97.4%
Penn OOO oon ccn on cciccccccae 100. 0%
Ne eee ee le oe ene ce ca 1, 116, 380
Area actually reporting. _........_._.. 94. 8%
SR icipated aacboon 100. 0%
8 RS Ee eee 3, 805, 069
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants.________- Jo--e2-2=2-
MISSISSIPPI
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area__- 393, 488
Area actually reporting. ._......-_.__- 76. 4%
aa 100. 0%
GN its ec wn ebniceveeSctouciccoscaes 614, 344
Area actually reporting. __.........._- 79. 5%
a eee 100. 0%
I Hadid etincwsetiane ivictdancncmndess 1, 209, 080
Area actually reporting...........__.. 32.7%
NN IN i ctcce se cdan 100, 0%
a ee ee ee 2,216,912
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants__.........|........._.-
MISSOURI
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.._| 2, 997, 393
Area actually reporting..........____. 97.2%
Eetimated totel....................... 100. 0%
a a 496, 769
Area actually reporting... .........__. 85. 2%
in cnaiicpansecthinil 100. 0%
IS CDA SERS OS ee ae 1, 183, 237
Area actually reporting. _............. 55. 2%
| 100. 0%
Ce ae ee 4, 677, 399
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants___...____-
See footnotes at end of table.
76
Total
Crime
Index
159, 560
166, 867
3, 353
3, 672
361
170, 900
3, 004. 0
282, 872
291, 906
16, 796
20, 013
12, 148
12, 828
324,742
3, 659. 0
63, 982
64, 152
7, 223
7,413
8, 026
8, 460
80, 034
2, 103. 4
5, 065
5, 421
8, 132
10, 225
1, 142
3, 495
19, 141
863. 4
112, 118
113, 671
6, 353
7, 455
4, 525
8, 208
129, 329
2, 765. 0
Violent !
crime
11, 055
11, 390
110
121
31
11, 542
202.9
Prop-
erty?
crime
148, 505
155, 477
3, 243
3, 551
159, 358
2, 801. 1
236, 596
244, 689
15, 246
18, 166
11, 312
11, 940
274, 795
3, 096, 3
58, 632
58, 797
7, 040
7, 226
7, 799
8, 229
74, 252
1,951.4
4, 602
4, 787
6, 529
8, 210
709
2,170
15, 167
684. 1
94, 719
96, 157
5, 901
6, 924
4, 006
7, 262
110, 343
2, 359. 1
Forci-
ble
rape
Robbery af Burgl:
assault a
Larcen:
$50 an:
over
Auto
theft
1,746
1, 788
100
119
121
128
2,035
22.9
5, 515
5, 634
17
19
5, 658
99. 5
29, 858
30, 274
482
574
30,921
348. 4
3, 200
3, 301
121
144
138
173
104
421
19.0
9, 113
9, 145
114
134
114
9, 393
4,703
4, 893
83
91
19
5, 003
87.9
13, 942
14, 416
949
1,131
622
657
16, 204
182.6
1, 674
1, 676
119
122
6, 684
6, 754
59, 480
62, 464
1,715
1,878
181
64, 523
1,134.1
112, 862
116, 177
7, 487
8, 921
7, 056
7,448
132, 546
1, 493. 5
23, 792
23, 841
2, 468
3,917
4, 133
30, 507
801.7
2, 352
2, 464
3, 321
4,176
374
1,145
7, 785
351. 2
45, 259
45, 916
2, 624
3,079
2,311
4, 189
53, 184
1, 137.0
41, 295
43, 551
1, 138
1,246
44,880
788. 9
86, 350
90, 061
6, 356
7,573
3, 676
3, 880
101,514
1, 143.8
22, 962
23, 056
3, 818
3, 919
3, 428
3, 617
30, 592
804. 0
1, 619
1, 650
2, 610
3, 282
713
5, 645
254. 6
25, 497
26, 046
2,790
3, 274
1, 480
2, 683
32, 003
684. 2
47, 730
49, 462
49, 955
878. 1
37, 384
38, 451
1, 403
1, 672
612
40, 735
459.0
11, 878
11, 900
754
774
479
13, 153
346.7
631
673
752
102
312
1, 737
78.4
23, 963
24, 195
571
215
25, 156
537.8
mm
Table 4.—Index of Crime by State, 1970—Continued
MONTANA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area___.
NEBRASKA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. _--
NEVADA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area_...
16, 115
17,416
681
1,434
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
NEW JERSEY
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area...| 5,511, 330
100. 0% 18,170 | 141,486
1, 496, 566
100.0% 2, 268 31, 569
160, 268
100. 0% 145 3,071
7,168,164 20,583 | 176,126
287.1 | 2,457.1
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4.—Index of Crime by State, 1970—Continued
Violent ! Larcen: Auto
crime $50 an theft
over
NEW MEXICO
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Area actually reporting ‘ 13, 678
Other cities.
Area actually reporting 9, 689
Estimated total , 10, 075
2, 346
2, 385
26,138
2, 572.6
NEW YORK
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area__-
Area actually reporting 99. 2%
Estimated total. 100. 0%
Other cities 950, 184
93. 3%
100. 0%
1, 514, 492
100. 0%
18, 190,740
NORTH CAROLINA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area-__
Se 88
Area actually reporting.
Estimated total
"Sse
NORTH DAKOTA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. --
Area actually reporting
Other cities
Area actually reporting
Estimated total.
OHIO
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area_..| 8, 272, 512
96.0% | 219,811
100. 0% 224, 535
987, 718
Area actually reporting 89. 6% 13, 876
Estimated total 100. 0% 15, 480
1, 391, 787
69. 8% 9, 169
100. 0% 13, 143
10, 652,017 | 253, 158
2, 376.6
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4.—I/ndex of Crime by State, 1970—Continued
Violent !
OKLAHOMA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area-_-
Area actually reporting
OREGON
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area. -
Area actually reporting
Other cities
PENNSYLVANIA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area --
RHODE ISLAND
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area-_-
Area actually reporting -..............
SOUTH CAROLINA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area...| 1,017, 254
97. 6%
100. 0%
445, 589
Area actually reporting 78. 3%
Estimated total 100, 0%
1, 127, 673
51. 6%
100. 0%
2, 590, 516
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4.—Index of Crime by State, 1970—Continued
Murder
Violent ! and non- Aggra- Larcen Auto
Population crime negligent vated | Burglary! $50 an theft
man- assault over
slaughter
SOUTH DAKOTA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area--_-
Area actually reporting
Other cities
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
_
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
=e
3
5838
TENNESSEE
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area...| 1,917, 569
96. 2% 56, 383 48, 718
100. 0% 57, 328 49, 560
Other cities 592, 403
Area actually reporting 64.7% 5,031 4, 365
Estimated total 100. 0% 7, 780 6, 751
1, 414, 192
Area actually reporting 23.4% 2, 101 1, 636
Estimated total 100. 0% 8, 995 7,003
74, 101 63, 314
1, 888.3 1, 613. 4
TEXAS
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area--__
Area actually reporting 91.8% | 258,024 14, 244
Estimated total 100.0% | 267,993 14, 442
Other cities 1, 246, 338
Area actually reporting 85. 9% 16, 236 236
Estimated total 100. 0% 18, 910 275
1, 715, 934
Area actually reporting 54. 5% 8, 756 165
Estimated total 100. 0% 16, 058 302
11, 196,730 | 302, 961 15, 019
2, 705. 8 134.1
UTAH
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area- _-
Area actually reporting 98. 4%
Estimated total 100. 0%
Other cities 75, 956
Area actually reporting 39. 7%
Estimated total 100. 0%
161, 628
Area actually reporting 69. 0%
Estimated total 100. 0%
1, 059, 273
VERMONT
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area__.
Other cities
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Area actuelly reporting
Estimated total
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants_-_-.-_...... ae
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4.—Index of Crime by State, 1970—Continued
Murder
Violent! | Prop- fand non-| Forci- Aggra- Larceny | Auto
Population crime erty? [negligent| ble $50 and | theft
crime man- rape over
slaughter
VIRGINIA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area...
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Other cities
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
eSe2 ws #3
WASHINGTON
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area___-
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Other cities
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
WEST VIRGINIA
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area__.-
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Other cities
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
WISCONSIN
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area....| 2,543,177
Area actually reporting 99, 0%
Estimated total. 100, 0%
Other cities 722, 410
Area actually reporting 97. 5%
Estimated total 100. 0%
1, 152, 346
Area actually reporting 86.1%
Estimated total 100, 0%
es ss 85
=
~
WYOMING
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area__..
Other cities
Area actually reporting ‘ 3, 492
Estimated total . 3, 690
Area actually reporting . 169 1, 503
Estimated total ; | 195 | 1,735
State total 376 5, 425
113.1 1, 632.0
! Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.
? Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny $50 and over, and auto theft.
For standard metropolitan statistical areas in this table the percentage actually reporting may not coincide with the ratio between reported and estimated
crime totals since these data represent the sum of such calculations for individual areas varying in size, portions reporting, and crime rates.
Population is 1970 census.
81
Table 5.—Index of Crime, 1970, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area
(ncludes Taylor and Jones Counties.)
Area actually reporting..............-
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants___-.......
sie cerktensnnctendbcscowsns
(Includes Summit and Portage Coun-
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, N.Y _........-
(ncludes Albany, Rensselaer, Saratoga
and Schenectady Counties.)
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants_-_-_......-
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, Pa.,-N.J _.
(ncludes Lehigh and Northampton
Counties, Pa. and Warren County,
N.J.)
(includes Potter and Randall Counties.)
Area actually reporting. .............-
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants-_--__...-
Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove, Calif.
(Includes Orange County.)
(Includes Calumet, Outagamie and
Winnebago Counties.)
(Includes Clayton, Cobb, De Kalb,
Fulton and Gwinnett Counties.)
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants. __._..._-
I a ilteiic dtewindiwcecncnncse
(Includes Atlantic County.)
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants. _____.__.
Ampenta, GarBSl...............204-<4---
(Includes Richmond County, Ga. and
Aiken County, 8.C.)
Area actually reporting. ..............
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants______.._.
See footnote at end of table.
Population
Total || Violent!
rim
vated
assault
Larcen:
$50 an
over
Auto
theft
172
172
25.3
1%
39.3
eB8
10
7.4
17
11.8
311
21.9
15
16
11.6
21.7
47
18.5
88
123.5
158
167
30.7
148, 2
2, 670
2, 700
194. 2
414
236.5
934
934
137.5
369
§1.2
1,010
319.8
317
60.7
1,460
102. 8
106
76.6
341
146.9
2, 008
2, 161
155. 4
169
96. 5
6, 513
6, 527
960. 9
4, 665
647.2
6, 257
1,981. 5
2,723
2, 830
520.7
4,512
4, 531
1, 935. 5
1, 585
572.4
20, 166
20, 577
1, 480. 2
3, 224
1,841.8
2,315
913.4
7, 3%
7, 345
1, 081. 4
3, 162
3, 257
599. 2
3, 049
3,070
1,311.4
1,301
469.9
15, 238
15, 688
1,124.9
3, 276
1,871.5
155
136.0
4, 206
4, 214
620. 4
2,070
287.2
2,199
696, 4
768
151.6
170
125. 6
313.7
5, 351
376.7
161.1
S88
117.0
7, 772
7, 983
570.7
1, 266
72.3
261.2
Table 5.—Iindex of Crime, 1970, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas—Continued
: Total || Violent ! Fore- Larceny | Auto
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area | Population crime ible | Robbery| v: Burglary | $50 an theft
rape assault over
ei ephtitatgnitiateescinicasne
(Includes Travis County.)
155 Area actually reporting... ............ 1,483 91 227 1,141 4, 202 1,369 1, 168
6.0 Rate per 100,000 inhabitants___.......|............ 501.8 30.8 76.8 386. 1 1,421.9 463.3 395. 2
ey Ni Gintctct ewe cccesacae
(Includes Kern County.)
Area actually reporting... ............ 857 76 355 401 4,932 4, 991 1,316
206 Rate per 100,000 inhabitants_......._..|............ 260. 4 23.1 107.8 121.8 1,498.4 1,516.3 399. 8
214 I iia iiecnctdnceeencdsacce
0.4 (Includes Baltimore City and Anne
Arundel, Baltimore, Carroll, How-
ard and Harford Counties.)
Area actually reporting. ---........... 20, 879 722 11, 687 8, 197 27, 983 27,107 | 14,516
070 Rate per 100,000 inhabitants--__......_|............ 1, 008. 3 4.9 564. 4 395.9 | 1,361.4 1, 309. 1 701.0
7.2 ee
(Includes East Baton Rouge Parish.)
Area actually reporting. --...........- 1,770 103 413 1,225 5, 555 3, 332 1, 691
199 Rate per 100,000 inhabitants. _.__.....|............ 620. 7 36.1 144.8 429.6 1,948.0 1, 168.4 593. 0
6.4 i a ahd aos ccc cendian
(Includes Bay County.)
Area actually reporting. --._..........- 1 218 18 105 89 643 482 115
Estimated total....................... 222 18 107 91 658 498 120
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants_----_..-.)_........... 189. 2 15.3 91.2 77.6 560. 8 424.4 102.3
768 Beaumont-Port Arthur, Tex...___..._.-..-
824 (Includes Jefferson and Orange Counties.)
1. 6 Area actually reporting... -...........- 1, 236 35 329 845 3, 366 1,801 636
ree 1, 338 45 37 915 3, 764 2,170 707
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants__.........|............ 423.5 14.2 109. 8 289.6 | 1,191.4 686. 8 223.8
170 Binghamton, N.Y.-PA_............-------
5. 6 (Includes Broome and Tioga Counties,
N.Y. and Susquehanna County,
Pa.)
453 Area actually reporting... ............ 239 19 58 159 1,992 1,273 398
13.7 Wee Mo aos on nese ccce cc ec.. 241 19 59 160 2, 004 1,284 404
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants__..-.....|...........- 79.6 6.3 19.5 52.9 662. 1 424.2 133. 5
EE
351 (Includes Jefferson, Shelby and Walker
16.7 Counties.)
Area actually reporting... .........-.- 2, 641 149 465 1,932 6, 793 6,112 3,377
| eee 2, 747 158 484 2, 004 7,176 6,413 | 3,460
184 Rate per 100,000 inhabitants... .......)............ 371.6 21.4 65.5 271.1 970.7 867.5 468. 0
223 Bloomington-Normal, Il_____-___._-...-.-.
61.1 (Includes McLean County.)
Area actually reporting--._...........-. 198 14 66 117 708 615 211
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants___.......|............ ; 189.7 13.4 63.2 112.1 678. 2 586.1 202, 1
924 I ick hiieience iccssnce
930 (Includes Ada County.) ,
97.3 Area actually reporting. ............_- 255 26 39 184 861 1,142 276
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants___.-.....|...-...-.... 227.2 23.2 34.8 163.9 767.2 | 1,017.6 245. 9
Boston-Lowell-Lawrence, Mags... __-.___-
(Includes Essex, Middlesex, Norfolk
324 and Suffolk Counties.) :
17.0 Area actually reporting. --..........-- 8, 266 488 4, 531 3,101 | 33,934 | 26,101 | 32,258
Estimated total....................... 8, 450 500 4, 597 3, 205 35, 572 27,339 | . 33, 209
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants. .........|............ 250. 3 14.8 136. 2 95.0 | 1,053.9 809.9 983. 9
Bridgeport-Danbury-Nor walk-Stamford,
|, 772 Da Ee
], 983 (Includes Fairfield County.)
570. 7 Area actually reporting. .-.........-..-- 1, 460 61 773 583 9, 839 7,960 | 5,052
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants. ___-...-- S dacmennenell 184, 2 7.7 97.5 73.5 | 1,241.0) 1,004.0 637.2
cE
1, 266 (Includes Plymouth County.)
723.3 Area actually reporting.........--.-..- 492 31 88 367 3, 261 2,010} 1,023
IE PR adds ddinncesectcnscne 546 ot 107 398 3,744 2,375 1,303
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants. _........|...........- 163. 8 10.2 32.1 119.4 | 1,123.3 712. 5 390. 9
Brownaville-Harlingen-San Benito, Tex_-
662 (Includes Cameron County.)
261. 2 Area actually reporting. ...........--- . 272 19 16 233 1,491 913 311
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants_..........|...........- 193, 8 13.5 11.4 166.0 | 1,062.2 650. 4 221.6
See footnote at end of table.
Table 5.—Iindex of Crime, 1970, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas—Continued
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (Population
italien nencrnieaiminicn
(neludes Erie and Niagara Counties.)
(includes Champaign County.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Pic boSuconcnicdécncuenccnds
(Includes Charleston and Berkeley
Counties.)
(Includes Mecklenburg and Union
Counties.)
(Includes Hamilton County, Tenn. and
Walker County, Ga.)
(Includes Cook, Du Page, Kane, Lake,
McHenry and Will Counties.)
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Cincinnati, Ohio-K y.-Ind
(Includes Hamilton, Clermont and
Warren Counties, Ohio, and Camp-
bell, Kenton and Boone Counties,
Ky. and Dearborn County, Ind.)
(Includes Cuyahoga, Lake, Geauga and
Medina Counties.)
(Includes El Paso County.)
Area actually reporting... -__-
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
i ctieicwamociasnsindennd
(Includes Lexington and Richland
Counties.)
See footnote at end of table.
1,349, 211
Robbery vated Burglary
16, 651
17, 063
826.1
2, 748
1, 164.5
Larcen
$50 an
over
Auto
Table 5.—Index of Crime, 1970, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas—Continued
(Includes Chattahoochee and Muscogee
Counties, Ga. and Russell County,
(Includes Nueces and San Patricio
Counties.)
(Includes Collin, Dallas, Denton, Ellis,
Kaufman and Rockwall Counties.)
(Includes Scott County, Iowa, and
Rock Island and Henry Counties,
Illinois.)
(Includes Greene, Miami, Montgomery
and Preble Counties.)
100. 0%
125,010
100. 0%
1,227 ,629
(Includes Adams, Arapahoe, Boulder,
Denver and Jefferson Counties.)
100. 0%
286,101
100. 0%
4,199,931
(Includes Macomb, Oakland and
Wayne Counties.)
97. 3%
100. 0%
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Duluth-Superior, Minn.- Wis
(Includes St. Louis County, Minn. and
Douglas County, Wis.)
(Includes El Paso County.)
Area actually reporting - -............-
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
See footnote at end of table.
Table 5.—Index of Crime, 1970, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas—Continued
Prop- jand non-
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area | Population negligent
(Includes Vanderburgh and Warwick
Counties, Ind. and Henderson
County, Ky.)
Area actually reporting - -............-
Estimated total
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Fall River-New Bedford, Mass
(Includes Bristol County.)
(Includes Cass County, N. Dak. and
Clay County, Minn.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
eee
(Includes Cumberland County.)
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
(Includes Genesee and Lapeer Coun-
ties.)
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Fort Lauderdale-Holly wood, Fla
(Includes Broward County.)
Area actually reporting _ --..--..--..--
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Fort Smith, Ark.-Okla
(Includes Sebastian and Crawford
Counties, Ark. and Le Flore
and Sequoysh Counties, Okla.)
(Includes Allen County.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
(Includes Johnson and Tarrant Coun-
ties.)
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
(Includes Fresno County.)
Area actually reporting b 5, 894 3, 000
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants.--_-..-...- . . 1, 426.9 726.3
Gainesville, Fla.
(Includes Alachua County.)
Area actually reporting 1,525 325
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants L , 1, 455.7 310. 2
Gary-Hammond-East Chicago, Ind__--___-
(Includes Lake and Porter Counties.)
Area actually reporting y 6, 738 8, 557
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants x h 1, 063.8 | 1,351.0
See footnote at end of table.
86
Table 5.—index of Crime, 1970, Stendard Metropolitan Statistical Areas—Continued
Total || Violent!
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area |Population — crime
ndex
(Includes Brown County.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Greensboro-High Point, N.C... ..........-
(Includes Guilford, Forsyth, Randolph
and Yadkin Counties.)
(Includes Greenville and Pickens Coun-
ties.)
Area actually reporting...............-
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Harrisburg, Pa
(Includes Cumberland, Dauphin and
Perry Counties.)
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Hartford-New Britain-Bristol, Conn
(Includes Hartford County.)
(Includes Harris, Brazoria, Fort Bend,
Liberty and Montgomery Counties.)
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Huntington-Ashland, W. Va.-Ky.-Ohio..-
(Includes Cabell and Wayne Counties,
W. Va., Boyd County, Ky. and
Lawrence County, Ohio.)
(Includes Marion, Hamilton, Hancock,
Hendricks, Johnson, Morgan, Shel-
by and Boone Counties.)
See footnote at end of table.
Table 5.—Iindex of Crime, 1970, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas—Continued
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area
(Includes Hudson County.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Johnstown, Pa
(Includes Cambria and Somerset Coun-
ties.)
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
(ncludes Clay, Jackson, Cass and
Platte Counties, Mo. and Johnson
and Wyandotte Counties, Kans.)
(ncludes Kenosha County.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
(ncludes Anderson, Blount and Knox
Counties.) .
(Includes Lafayette Parish.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
(Includes Tippecanoe County.)
Area actually reporting
(ncludes Clinton, Eaton and Ingham
Counties.)
(Includes Clark County.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
See footnote at end of table.
88
Population
Total
Crime
Index
Violent !
crime erty? Robbery
18, 804
18, 819
1, 497.6
1,021
865.9
Table 5.—Index of Crime, 1970, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas—Continued
Total || Violent !
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area |Population} Crime || crime Lesceny | Aute
Burglary | $50 an theft
Index over
(Includes Allen, Putnam and Van Wert
Counties.)
Area actually reporting
ee
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Lincoln, Nebr
(Includes Lancaster County.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Little Rock-North Little Rock, Ark
(Includes Pulaski and Saline Counties.)
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Lorain-Elyria, Ohio
(Includes Lorain County.)
Area actually reporting - -............-
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Los Angeles-Long Beach, Calif. _-_____._-
(Includes Los Angeles County.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Louisville, Ky.-Ind
(Includes Jefferson County, Ky. and
Clark and Floyd Counties, Ind.)
Area actually reporting - -............-
Estimated total
(Includes Lynchburg City and Amherst
and Campbell Counties.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Macon, Ga.
(Includes Bibb and Houston Counties.)
(Includes Dane County.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
(Includes Hillsborough County.)
Area actually reporting
See footnote at end of table.
439-758 O- 71-7
Table 5.—index of Crime, 1970, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas—Continued
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area |Population
McAllen-Pharr-Edinburg, Tex 181,535
(Includes Hidalgo County.)
96.1%
100. 0%
770, 120
(Includes Shelby County, Tenn. and
Crittenden County, Ark.)
100. 0%
1, 267,792
98.3%
100.0%
1, 403, 887
(Includes Milwaukee, Waukesha,
Ozaukee and Washington Counties.)
99. 9%
100. 0%
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn 1,813, 647
(Includes Anoka, Dakota, Hennepin,
Ramsey and Washington Counties.)
99. 5%
100. 0%
376, 690
(Includes Mobile and Baldwin
Counties.)
87.4% 10, 852
100. 0% 11, 912
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants 3, 162.3
PN Geen nnn ennenn cen eo seae- 194, 506
(Includes Stanislaus County.)
100. 0% 7,607
3, 910. 9
115, 387
100. 0% 1,498
1, 298. 2
129,219
100. 0% 2,448
157 ,426
98. 8%
100. 0%
540,982
(ncludes Davidson, Sumner and Wil-
son Counties.)
(Includes Essex, Morris and Union
Counties.)
Area actually reporting.
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
New Haven- Waterbury, Conn
(Includes New Haven County.)
See footnote at end of table.
Table 5.—Index of Crime, 1970, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas—Continved
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area | Population
ee
New London-Groton-Nor wich, Conn
(Includes New London County.)
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
(Includes Jefferson, Orleans, St. Ber-
nard and St. Tammany Parishes.)
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants.
Newport News-Hampton, Va
(Includes Newport News and Hampton
Cities and York County.)
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
POU TN i esas ee wesc Reds cecnee
(Includes Bronx, Kings, Manhattan,
Queens, Richmond, Nassau, Rock-
land, Suffolk and Westchester
Counties.)
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Norfolk- Portsmouth, Va
(Includes Norfolk, Chesapeake, Ports-
mouth and Virginia Beach Cities.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Ogden, Utah
(Includes Weber County.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Oklahoma City, Okla_.
(Includes Canadian, Cleveland and
Oklahoma Counties.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Omaha, Nebr.-Iowa
(Includes Douglas and Sarpy Counties,
Nebr. and Pottawattamie County,
(Includes Orange and Seminole Coun-
ties.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
(Includes Ventura County.)
Paterson-Clifton-Passaic, N.J_...........-
(Includes Bergen and Passaic Counties.)
(Includes Escambia and Santa Rosa
Counties.)
(Includes Peoria, Tazewell and Wood-
ford Counties.)
See footnote at end of table.
11,528,649
Total
Violent !
crime
1 vate
$80 and
over
169, 242
169, 610
1,471.2
Table 5.—Index of Crime, 1970, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas—Continved
| Murder
Violent!| Prop- fandnon-| Forc-
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area | Population crime | erty? |negligent| ible | Robbery| vai Burglary
crim: man- assault
(Includes Bucks, Chester, Delaware,
Montgomery and Philadelphia
Counties, Pa. and Burlington, Cam-
den and Gloucester Counties, N.J.)
(Includes Maricopa County.)
Area actually reporting
2, 401, 245
(includes Allegheny, Beaver, Washing-
ton and Westmoreland Counties.)
Area actually reporting 89. 7%
(Includes Cumberland County.)
Area actually reporting
(Includes Clackamas, Multnomah and
Washington Counties, Oreg. and
Clark County, Wash.)
Area actually reporting bs 1, 515
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants . . 150.1
Providence-Pawtucket- Warwick, R.I____-
(Includes Bristol, Kent and Providence
Counties.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Provo-Orem, Utah
(Includes Utah County.)
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
(Includes Pueblo County.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
(Includes Racine County.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants.
PN ae ee dwn
(Includes Wake County.)
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Reading, Pa
(Includes Berks County.)
(Includes Richmond City and Chester-
field, Henrico and Hanover
Counties.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
See footnote at end of table.
Table 5.—Index of Crime, 1970, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas—Continued
Violent !
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area | Population crime
(Includes Roanoke City and Roanoke
County.)
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Mocteanbany MEBs 2 5 iwc cteduccwcocescss
(Includes Monroe, Livingston, Orleans
and Wayne Counties.)
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Rockford, Il!
(Includes Winnebago
Counties.)
Area actually reporting
Estimated total
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants.
Sacramento, Calif__.................--.-.-.
(Includes Sacramento, Placer and Yolo
Counties.)
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
St. Louis, Mo.-Ill
(Includes St. Louis City and Jefferson,
St. Charles, St. Louis and Franklin
Counties, Mo. and Madison and St.
Clair Counties, Tl.)
(Includes Marion and Polk Counties.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants.
Salinas-Monterey, Calif__................-
(Includes Monterey County.)
(Includes Salt
Counties.)
864,014
(includes Bexar and Guadalupe
Counties.)
Area actually reporting --............- 100. 0%
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
San Bernardino-Riverside-Ontario, Calif..| 1, 143,146
(Includes Riverside and San Bernar-
dino Counties.)
Area actually reporting 100, 0%
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Cy BE ee 1, 357, 854
(Includes San Diego County.)
100, 0%
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
San Francisco-Oakiand, Calif______._._..- 3, 109, 519
(includes Alameda, Contra Costa,
Marin, San Francisco and San
Mateo Counties.)
See footnote at end cf table.
Table 5.—Index of Crime, 1970, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas—Continued
Total || Violent! p- Larcen Auto
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area |Population ay crime $50 an theft
ndex over
ti cit arcamsedcnsavccecusan 1,064,714
(Includes Santa Clara County.)
Santa Barbara, Calif__..................--.
(Includes Santa Barbara County.)
Area actually reporting ..............-
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Sioux City, Iowa-Nebr.
(Includes Woodbury County, Iowa and
See footnote at end of table.
Table 5.—Index of Crime, 1970, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas—Continued
Total || Violent!
Crime
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area | Population crime
(Includes Jefferson County, Ohio and
Brooke and Hancock Counties,
W. Va.)
Stockton, Calif.
(Includes San Joaquin County.)
GUNN TE Wain on sins vin coin gee cccdccase
(Includes Madison, Onondaga and
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Tampa-St. Petersburg, Fila
(Includes Hillsborough and Pinellas
Counties.)
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Te te ish dis tvtacdntcccadncctee
(Includes Vigo, Clay, Sullivan and Ver-
(Includes Bowie County, Tex. and
Miller County, Ark.)
(Includes Lucas and Wood Counties,
Ohio, and Monroe County, Mich.)
Rate per 100,000 inhabitan'
See footnote at end of table.
Table 5.—Index of Crime, 1970, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas—Continued
Total || Violent '
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area | Population
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Wlen-Meme, N.Y.......-..-..-.----.--.--
(ncludes Herkimer and Oneida Coun-
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Vallejo-Napa, Calif.......................-
(Includes Solano and Napa Counties.)
(Includes McLennan County.)
Area actually reporting
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
Washington, D.C.-Md.-Va 2, 861, 123
(Includes District of Columbia; Mont-
gomery and Prince Georges Coun-
ties, Md. and Alexandria, Fairfax and
Falls Church Cities and Arlington,
Fairfax, Loudoun and Prince Wil-
liam Counties, Va.)
117, 389
117, 611
4,110.7
2, 338
1, 759.0
11, 898
12, 278
3, 520. 5
(ncludes Marshall and Ohio Counties,
W. Va., and Belmont County,
Ohio.)
(includes New Castle County, Del.,
Salem County, N.J., and Cecil
County, Md.)
See footnote at end of table.
Table 5.—Index of Crime, 1970, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas—Continued
Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area |Population
(Includes New Hanover and Brunswick
Counties.)
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants
York, Pa.......- esta ey hs
(Includes York and Adams Counties.)
Rate per 100,000 inhabitants. ........-
Youngstown- Warren, Ohio
(Includes Mahoning and Trumbull
Counties.)
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny $50 and over and auto theft.
Fore- =
ible | Robbery ara Burglary
rape assault
Lareen:
$50 an
over
Auto
theft
General United States Crime Statistics
The data presented in this section are primarily
of value to law enforcement executives, news media
and others for the purpose of comparing the crime
experience of a community with the averages
reported nationally by communities of similar size.
Crime trends and rates are tabulated by grouping
places according to population size. Police perform-
ance in clearing crimes by arrest is presented by
population group and geographic division.
National city averages are also shown indicating
the type and value of the property stolen, by
offense and type, and value recovered by police
investigation. Robbery, burglary and larceny-
theft are examined by type, as well as where and
when they occurred. An analysis is provided
showing weapons used to commit murders as well
as a distribution of murder victims by age, sex,
and race. Dispositions made of persons formally
charged for all criminal offenses are set forth in
Table 15 and disposition data on juvenile offenders
is provided by population group in Table 18.
City, suburban and rural arrest rates are
shown for all criminal offenses. Arrest rates by
population group are also listed for specific
offenses. This is another step in building totals for
crime categories other than those in the Crime
Index and in presenting crimes known to the police
through arrests.
Statistical data relating to suburban areas are
provided for the use of law enforcement officials in
suburban communities in making limited com-
parisons. Places used to establish totals for
suburban areas include cities with 50,000 or less
population together with county law enforcement
agencies in standard metropolitan statistical areas.
Of course, the crime experience of the large core
city is excluded.
It is important to remember in studying averages
that usually about half the units used must be
above and about half below. National averages
can provide the police administrator with valuable
guidance in analyzing the local crime count, as
well as the performance of his force in combating
crime. The analysis, however, does not end with
such a comparison, for it is only through an
appraisal of local conditions that a clear picture of
the community crime problem or the effectiveness
of the police operation is possible.
Table 6.—Crime Trends, Offenses Known to the Police, 1969-70, by Population Groups
ing or | $80and | Under
entering | over $50
2, 665 275, 940 |1, 936, 974 | 1,527,334
+104) +135
267,901 |213, 930 |1, 420, 969 |1, 104, 469
12, 682 |228, 670 |1,565, 196 |1, 237,071
+16.7 | +69) +101 +12,0
6 cities over 1,000,000; popu-
lation 18,743,000:
Mi cckineksatcenasws moan 1, 221, 076
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6.—Crime Trends, Offenses Known to the Police, 1969-70, by Population Groups—Continued
GROUP II
246 cities, 50,000 to 100,000;
6,993,000:
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny $50 and over and auto theft.
3 Includes suburban, city, and county police agencies within metropolitan areas. Excludes core cities. Suburban cities are also included in other city groups.
Table 7.—Crime Trends, Offenses Known to the Police, 1969-70, for Suburban and Nonsuburban Cities! by Population Groups
[1970 Population]
Criminal homicide
Crime
Population group Index ||Violent| Property} Murder | Man- | Forci- | Rob- Auto
total crime 2 and non- Sageetee ble rape} bery Ue theft
y
Suburban Cities
TOTAL SUBURBAN CIT-
510, 512
584,625
+14,5
313 cities 25,000 to 50,000;
population 10,888,000:
681 cities 10,000 to 25,000;
population 10,844,000:
TOTAL NONSUBURBAN
CITIES: 1,743 cities; total
119, 918
137, 192
+14, 4
218, 116
245, 851
+12.7
436 cities, 10,000 to 25,000;
population 6,646,000:
206, 264 99, 445
230, 187 114, 817
+11.6 +15.5
1,134 cities under 10,000; pop-
ulation 5,497,000:
1 Suburban places are within Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas and include suburban city and county police agencies within the metropolitan area.
Excludes core cities; nonsuburban places are outside 8.M.S.A.’s.
2 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.
8 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny $50 and over and auto theft.
102
Table 8.—Crime Trends, Offenses Known to the Police, 1969-70, for Suburban and Nonsuburban Counties by Population Groups
Forci- | Rob- =
Populati fad Violent} Propert:
0} on group ex olent| Pro
total || crim
vy
crime 2 S ter |ble bery | assault
iy
10,000 to 26,000
63 counties, population
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.
* Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny $50 and over and auto theft.
Table 9.—Crime Rates, Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, by Population Groups
[1970 population. Rate= Number of crimes per 100,000 inhabitants]
Criminal homicide Larceny—theft
Bur-
Population group Violent| Property} Murder | Man- | Forci- | Rob-
crime! = ble rape} bery ing $50 and Uneer
'y
TOTAL ALL AGENCIES:
6,414 agencies; total popu-
690,510 |4, 553, 144 2,034,717 |1, 631,645 |2,297, 181
389, 1 2565. 5
TOTAL CITIES: 4,481
cities; total population
121, 254, 000:
Number of offenses
607,784 |3,743,800
501,2 3087, 6
56 cities over 250,000; popu-
lation 42,181,000:
413, 559 |1, 836, 845
980. 4 4354.7
6 cities over 1,000,000; pop-
ulation 18,743,000:
20 cities, 500,000 to 1,000,000;
population 12,971,000:
30 cities, 250,000 to 500,000;
population 10,466,000:
Number of offenses
98 cities, 100,000 to 250,000;
population 14,051,000:
252 cities, 50,000 to 100,000;
population 17,425,000:
Number of offenses
194, 203
1114.5
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 9.—Crime Rates, Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, by Population Groups—Continued
Criminal homicide
Bur-
Crime Aepe- i
Population group Index ||Violent| Property} Murder | Man- | Forci-| Rob- | vai reak-
total crime!| crime? fand non-/|slaughter |ble rape} bery | assauit| ingor | $50 and
negligent by entering
man- negli-
slaughter| gence
GROUP IV
504 cities, 25,000 to 50,000;
population 17,398,000:
Number of offenses
14, 316 | 20,302
82.3) 116.7
1,177 cities, 10,000 to 25,000;
population 18,466,000:
Number of offenses
2,304 cities under 10,000;
population 11,733,000:
Number of offenses
2,769 | 12,650
23.6 107.8
SUBURBAN AREA?
2,415 agencies; population
59,177,000:
Number of offenses
34, 529 | 60,115
58.3 | 101.6
1,563 agencies; population
25,012,000:
Number of offenses
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny $50 and over and auto theft.
3 Includes suburban, city, and county police agencies within metropolitan areas. Excludes core cities. Suburban cities are also included in other city groups.
Population figures rounded to the nearest thousand. All rates were calculated on the population before rounding.
439-758 O- 71-8
Table 10.—Crime Rates, Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, for Suburban and Nonsuburban Cities by Population Groups
[1970 population. Rate: Number of crimes per 100,000 inhabitants)
Violent] Property} Murder | Man- | Forci-
crime!| crim and non- | slaughter |ble rape} bery
negligen' by
man- negli-
slaughter
Suburban Cities
TOTAL SUBURBAN
CITIES:
2,045 cities; total popula-
47,310 | 571,490 2,613 | 16,988 | 26,935
169, 2 2043, 4
328 cities, 25,000 to 50,000;
population 11,190,000:
Number of offenses
714 cities, 10,000 to 25,000;
population 11,428,000:
Number of offenses
TOTAL NONSUBURBAN
CITIES:
2,080 cities; total
341, 151
183, 3 1737.9
463 cities, 10,000 to 25,000;
population 7,039,000:
Number of offenses
1,386 cities under 10,000;
population 6,383,000:
Number of offenses
89, 466 9, 081 80, 385
142.3} 1250.4
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.
3 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny $50 and over and auto theft.
106
Table 11.—Crime Rates, Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Suburban and Nonsuburban Counties by Population Groups
[1970 population. Rate: Number of crimes per 100,000 inhabitants]
Criminal homicide
Crime A —
Population group Index |/Violent| Property] Murder | Man- | Forci- | Rob- vated reak-
total total erime!| crime? | and non-/| slaughter |ble rape| bery ing or Under
negligen' by entering $50
t
negli-
Auto
theft
man-
slaughter| gence
70 counties, population
1,329,000:
Number of offenses
271 counties, population
10,740,000:
Number of offenses
686 counties, population
3,961,000:
Number of offenses
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny $50 and over and auto theft.
Table 12.—Offenses Known and Percent Cleared by Arrest, 1970, by Population Groups
51 cities over 250,000; total
population 29,323,000:
Offenses known.......-/1, 993, 910
22.7
3 cities over 1,000,000; total
population 6,548,000:
Offenses known........
20 cities, 500,000 to 1,000,000;
total population 12,971,000:
28 cities, 250,000 to 500,000;
total population 9,804,000:
840, 938
19.9
See footnotes at end of table.
Violent | Property} Murder | Man- For-
crime!} crime? and slaughter| cible
by rape
negli-
239, 955 |1, 147, 310
18.0
175, 575
22.2
Table 12.—Offenses Known and Percent Cleared by Arrest, 1970, by Population Groups—Continued
GROUP
283 cities, 50,000 to 100,000;
1,065 cities, 10,000 to 25,000;
total population 16,638,000:
2,160 cities under 10,000;
total population 10,618,000:
Percent cleared by arrest.
SUBURBAN AREA ®
2,141 agencies; total
population 52,065,000:
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny $50 and over and auto theft. :
+ Includes suburban, city, and county police agencies within metropolitan areas. Excludes core cities. Suburban cities are also included in other city groups
Table 13.—Offenses Known and Percent Cleared by Arrest, 1970, by Geographic Divisions
[1970 population]
Criminal homicide “ Larceny—theft
aS ee ys
di ceeieir| ots | cary | wee | X $50
Geographic division 8 ter| cible ing or
” nonneg- by rape assault | enter-
ligent negli-
TOTAL ALL DIVISIONS
4, 068 cities; total population
102,316,000;
8,898 | 3,978 | 21,038 |201,897 |186,560 |1, 247,541 (2,775,734 |1,045, 234 | 599, 222
86, 5 80, 9 56, 4 29,1 64,9 19,4 18,4 11,7
NEW ENGLAND STATES
341 cities; total population
8,750,000:
17,923 | 238,291 928 | 8,232 | 8,441 96,716 | 156,139 73,217 | 68,358
49.8 14.4 . . 61.9 29.3 67.3 16,3 15.5 12,0 14,3
MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES
984 cities; total population
18,144,000:
51,617 | 380,590 1,078 555 | 2,280 | 28,067 | 20,192 | 156,898 | 306,494 | 133,789 | 89,903
42.8 14.2 76.2 58.3 25.2 63.5 18.0 14.8 10,1 13.5
EAST NORTH CENTRAL STATES
870 cities; total population
28,349,000:
Offenses known_.._..--..- 1,121,946 | 696,638 |/102, 013 594, 625 2, 040 gil 4,951 | 54,136 | 40,886 | 235,557 642,765 | 218,268 | 140,800
Percent cleared by arrest. 22.2 46.0 17.1 84.5 87.8 55.1 32.4 61.1 21.0 19.9 12.7 17.4
WEST NORTH CENTRAL STATES
429 cities; total population
8,860,000:
290 | 1,911 | 15,451 | 12,635 | 98,868 | 257,940 85,803 | 48, 785
71.7| 587| 258| 643 21.9 19.6 12,2 21.4
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13.—Offenses Known and Percent Cleared by Arrest, 1970, by Geographic Divisions—Continued
SOUTH ATLANTIC STATES
350 cities; total population
11,625,000:
Percent cleared by arrest.
EAST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES
238 cities; total population
4,620,000:
Percent cleared by arrest.
WEST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES
300 cities; total population
11,022,000:
Offenses known..........
Percent cleared by arrest.
MOUNTAIN STATES
202 cities; total population
4,622,000:
Percent cleared by arrest.
PACIFIC STaTES
354 cities; total population
11,328,000:
Percent cleared by arrest.
! Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny $50 and over and auto theft.
Table 14.—Offenses Cleared, 1970, by Arrest of Persons Under 18 Yzars of Age
[Percent of total cleared; 1970 population)
Criminal homicide Larceny—theft
Violent | Property
Population group crime!| crime?
47,010 |110, 416
48 cities over 250,000; total
population 24,882,000:
175, 412
32.3 21.2) 10,3
2 cities over 1,000,000; total
population 3,181,000:
17, 498 3,866 | 4,282
Percent under 18. 21.2 . 13.9 15.4
19 cities, 500,000 to 1,000,000;
total population 12,256,000:
98,977 17, 582 | 25, 645
32.3 23.6 10.3
27 cities 250,000 to 500,000;
total population 9,445,000:
8,186 | 16,075
19.3 8.9
GROUP II
91 cities, 100,000 to 250,000;
total population 13,135,000:
GROUP Il
224 cities, 50,000 to 100,000;
total population 15,515,000:
1,137
11.9 20.8
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 14.—Offenses Cleared, 1970, by Arrest of Persons Under 18 Years of Age—Continued
Crime
Population group Index |/|Violent| Property] Murder | Man- | Forci-| Rob-
total crime! | crime? jand non-| slaughter |ble rape| bery
negligent oy
ni \-
man-
slaughter} gence
GROUP IV
454 cities, 25,000 to 50,000;
total population 15,667,000:
GROUP V
1,047 cities, 10,000 to 25,000;
total population 16,347,000:
GROUP VI
2,117 cities, under 10,000;
total population 10,379,000:
SUBURBAN AREA ?
2,090 agencies; total popula-
tion 49,910,000:
Total clearances
Percent under 18
RURAL AREA
1,306 agencies; total popula-
tion 20,151,000:
1 Violent crime offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny $50 and over and auto theft.
3 Includes suburban, city, and county police agencies within metropolitan areas. Excludes core cities. Suburban cities are also included in other city groups
Table 15.—Disposition of Persons Formally Charged by the Police; 1970
[3,028 cities; 1970 population 68,897,000)
47, 519
70, 286
381, 296
452, 543
' Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
3 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
Ke oarr © a
on oa ean il we | we o
Table 16.—Persons Charged—Percent Arrested or Summoned—1970
[1,228 cities; 1970 population 31,200,000)
(a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter
(6) Manslaughter by negligence.
Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc
Prostitution and commercialized vice
Table 17.—Offenses Known, Cleared; Persons Arrested, Charged and Disposed of in 1970
[2,221 cities; 1970 population 59,532,000)
Murder
Violent !| Property? and non- | Forcible
TOTAL crime crime negligent
I a 6iicccnncccindcscdboited 2, 925, 235
579, 389
19,8
561, 768
19,2
! Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
Table 18.—Police Disposition of Juvenile Offenders Taken Into Custody, 1970
[1970 population]
Handled a a ee Referred to | Referred to
Total ! within de- juvenile
t
oo
TOTAL, ALL AGENCIES
3,983 agencies; total population 101,370,000:
171, 919
100. 0
‘ Includes all offenses except traffic and neglect cases.
3 Because of rounding, the percentages may not add to total.
3 Includes suburban, city, and county police agencies within metropolitan areas. Excludes core cities. Suburban cities also included in other city groups.
Table 19.—Offense Analysis 1970—Percent Seematn Average Valve, and Percent Change
[1,808 cities, 2,500 and over; 1970 population 89,882,000]
Number of Percent Percent Average
Classification offenses “hee distribution ! value
80
47
26
139
6S
35
38s
! Because of rounding the percentages may not add to total.
2 For total U.8., bank robbery increased from 1,813 offenses in 1969 to 2,331 in 1970 or 28.6 percent.
Table 20.—Type and Value of Property Stolen and Recovered, 1970
[1,807 cities 2,500 and over; 1970 population 82,014,000]
Value of property
Stolen | Recovered
Table 21.—Murder Victims—Weapons Used, 1970
Weapons
Blunt Personal
Cutting or ebject weapons Other
stabbing (club, ( a. Poison | Explosives | (drownings,
hammer, arson, etc.)
etc.)
604
4,4
BRB
88 £828 8588
—
eS ge
1 Because of rounding the percentages do not add to total.
Table 22.—Murder Victims by Age, Sex, and Race, 1970
Number
All others
9.2
9.1
7.3
5.8
42
3.3
2.2
1.5
221 1.6
216 1.6
1 Because of rounding the percentages may not add to total.
Arrest Data
Tables in the following section provide certain
personal characteristics of individuals arrested for
all criminal acts. Arrest rates and trends are shown
for city, suburban and rural areas, as well as the
United States as a whole. Tabulations are pub-
lished containing characteristics of persons ar-
rested by age, sex and race.
Arrest statistics are collected annually from con-
tributing law enforcement agencies and the figures
used in the tables this year were submitted by
agencies representing 75 percent of the United
States population. In using these arrest figures it
is important to remember that the same person
may be arrested several times during 1 year for
the same type or for different offenses. Each arrest
is counted. Further, the arrest of one person may
solve several crimes and, in other instances, two
or more persons may be arrested during the solu-
tion of one crime.
Arrests are primarily a measure of police activ-
ity, as it relates to crime. Although police arrest
practices vary, particularly with respect to
juveniles, contributors to this Program are in-
structed to count one arrest each time an individ-
ual is taken into custody for committing a specific
crime. A juvenile is counted as a person arrested
when he commits an offense and the circumstances
are such that if the offender were an adult, an
arrest would be made.
Arrest data, while primarily a measure of law
enforcement activity, is also a gauge of criminality
when used within its limitations, as must be done
with all forms of criminal statistics, including
court and penal.
Total Estimated Arrests, United States, 1970
' Arrest totals based on all reporting agencies and estimates for unreported areas.
Table 23.—Arrests, Number and Rate, 1970, by Population Groups
Cities
Total city owe! Group II | Group III Group V — VI | Suburban
arrests (55 cities, | (90 cities, | (230 cities, (971 cities, (2,150 area !
(3,929 over 100,000 to 50,000 to 000 to 10,000 to cities (2,018
cities; 250,000; 250,000; 100,000; 25,000; under agencies;
em mn ip opulation po) po tion |population | population | 10,000; tion
111,408,000){ 41,819,000) | 12,915,000) | 15,959,000) 15,416,000) population 45,206,000)
10,264,000)
(a) Murder and non-
negligent man-
Rate per 100,000- _.
(6) Manslaughter by
804
1.9
7, 218
17.3
56, 928
136.1
54, 659
130.7
106, 823
255. 4
211, 476
505.7
57, 620
137.8
126, 083
301.5
375, 919
898. 9
502, 806
See footnotes at end of table.
leste aI eaor Get eaSBoSa Ee S
oer SBaoawiadwil —« S
|
Table 23.—Arrests, Number and Rate, 1970, by Population Groups—Continued
Total
(5,270
agencies;
ela.
nm pu
604,000) Tit 408,000)
Tota city
arrests
Offense charged
94, 920
85. 2
92, 353
82.9
47, 394
42.5
41, 304
37.1
292, 141
262, 2
79, 999
36, 883
574.8
65, 553
58.8
97, 008
87.1
137, 528
123, 4
1 Includes suburban, city and county police agencies within metropolitan areas. Excludes core cities. Suburban cities are also included in other city groups.
Population figures rounded to the nearest thousand. All rates were calculated on the population before rounding.
2 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
3 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft. -
439-758 O- 71-9
Group I
(55 cities,
250,000;
population
41,819,000)
33, 274
79. 6
51, 409
122.9
42, 960
102.7
21, 732
52.0
164, 398
393.1
65, 920
157.6
13, O71
31,3
126, 117
301. 6
34, 087
81.5
581, 475
1, 390.4
242, 825
580, 7
65, 478
156.6
238, 796
571.0
27, 667
66. 2
33, 471
80.0
46, 548
111.3
Cities
Group II | Group III | GroupIV
(90 cities,
100,000 to
250,000;
000;
population | population | population | population
12,915,000)
10, 981
85. 0
11, 606
89.9
2, 259
17.5
5,811
45.0
30, 871
239.0
6, 764
52.4
6, 962
53.9
31, 842
246.5
15, 680
121.4
216, 678
1,677.7
59, 905
463.8
9, 629
74.6
82, 304
637.3
5, 684
44.0
7, 545
58.4
17, 425
134.9
(230 cities,
50,000 to
100,000;
15,959,000)
13, 387
83.9
9, 364
58.7
1,1%4
7.1
5, 115
32.1
36, 545
229.0
2, 656
16.6
4, 626
29.0
44, 425
278. 4
22, 033
138, 1
62, 536
34.6
88, 769
556. 2
12, 031
(433 cities,
25,000 to
50,000;
15,035,000)
Group V
(971 cities,
10,000 to
15,416,000)
Group VI | Suburban
(2,150
cities
10,264,000)
Table 24.—Total Arrest Trends, 1960-70
[2,528 agencies; 1970 population 98,698,000] !
Number of persons arrested
Offense charged Total ali ages Under 18 years of age | 18 years of age and over
77, 326
43, 707
360, 670
506, 184
171, 405
Forgery and counterfeiting ‘ 28, 951
Embezzlement and fraud 56, 473
Stolen property; buying, receiving, pos-
33, 115
65, 316
44, 766
47,913 29, 629
Narcotic drug laws. ................-.-...-- 31, 611 / 210, 878
RS ee ee 121, 611 73, 883
Offenses against family and children 40, 373 37, 712
Driving under the influence 147, 819 ‘i 278, 522
I, Jathticicnasshebddusctdenibase a 86, 093 92, 964
1, 068, 678
350, 209
> 72, 876
All other offenses (except traffic) 417, 412
Suspicion (not included in totals) by 38, 470
! Based on comparable reports from 1,898 cities representing 81,246,000 population and 630 counties representing 17,452,000 population.
2 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
3 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
Table 25.—Total Arrest Trends, 1965-70
[3,381 agencies; 1970 population 122,233,000]
Number of persons arrested
Offense charged
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent man-
Violent crime !
Property crime 2
Subtotal for above offenses__----..-.--
Prostitution and commercialized vice
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and
prostitution)
Narcotic drug laws
5,413,710
101, 315
235, 504
526, 834
107, 952
203, 307
870, 299
45, 395
42, 102
293, 971
78, 985
43, 610
337, 589
174, 518
1, 266, 073
496, 357
94, 270
645, 802
56, 907
90, 842
142, 214
+37.4
—22.3
+575.0
—28.6
—15.7
+59. 0
+13.9
—8.5
—6.4
—17.2
+36. 6
—18.4
+37.1
+75, 2
Under 18 years of age
61, 130
10, 342
818
13, 015
5,117
2, 457
538
1, 654
41, 660
23, 515
87, 171
7,487
141, 968
18, 837
66, 237
81, 194
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
41,197
38, 433
108, 182
51, 190
210, 617
50, 194
31, 541
103, 499
10, 835
193, 077
18, 077
90, 842
142, 214
111, 564
1, 360, 139
443, 098
106, 418
330, 966
50, 914
18 years of age and over
9, 638
2,021
10, 046
51, 420
83, 755
112, 954
256, 490
47,017
154, 859
416, 461
573, 341
194, 581
3, 081
32, 494
59, 916
6, 983
37, 374
25, 401
72,921
44, 337
33, 351
228, 777
77, 485
42, 969
334, 062
115, 324
1, 234, 532
392, 858
83, 435
452, 725
38, 830
Table 26.—Total Arrest Trends by Sex, 1960-70
[2,528 agencies; 1970 population 98,698,000} !
Under 18
23, 737
13, 421
97, 200
157, 911
Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc....| 31,718
Prostitution and commercialized vice. - 8, 084
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and
39, 115
26, 931 1,421
110, 615 . 1,492
Offenses against family and children _- 397
Driving under the influence. 1,073
15, 059
11,727
42, 948
7, 549
135, 210
19, 267
1 Based on comparable reports from 1,898 cities representing 81,246,000 population and 630 counties representing 17,452,000 population.
2 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
3 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
Table 27.—Total Arrest Trends, 1969-70
[4,222 agencies; 1970 population 137,267,000}
Number of persons arrested
Under 15 years of age Under 18 years of age 18 years of age and over
Offense charged
Per- Per-
1970 cent 1969 1970 cent 1969 1970
change change
+.6 1, 447,635 | 1,504,402 | +3,9 14, 181, 362 |4, 418, 286
2, 700
14, 116
83, 691
115, 232
261, 690
Prostitution and commercialized vice.| 47,979
Sex offenses (except forcible rape
327, 792 | +44.0 9, 621
82,470 | +5.9 208
Offenses against family and children..| 47,912 46,607 | —2.7 232
Driving under the influence 375,784 | +12.0 81
201,612 | 194,712 —3.4 5, 862 5, 940
1, 364, 125 —1.9 4,929 4, 658
543, 927 —3.9 40, 362 40, 212
95, 502 —7.7 1, 925 2, 038
All other offenses (except traffic) } 724, 433 | +13.1 77, 106 79, 416
Suspicion (not included in totals) - - -- 92, 847 62,464 | —32.7 5, 367 5, 550
Curfew and loitering law violations.._| 98,375 96,342 | —2.1 25, 567 24, 841
162,961 | +46 62, 003 64, 379
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
Offense charged
6,570,473
100.0
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent
12,836
3,020
15,411
87,687
125,971
285,418
616,099
Subtotal for above offenses.___-- -
Percent distribution !
Prostitution and commercialized vice--
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and
prostitution)
Narcotic drug laws
589,642
101,093
804,780
70,173
Curfew and loitering law violations --
Runaways
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 28.—Toftal Arrests by Age, 1970
[5,270 agencies; 1970 population 151,604,000)
10 and
under
78,020
1,2
18
5
22
647
708
8, 774
21, 816
460
1, 305
.6
31, 050
3.0
11-12
134,362
2.0
13-14
394,751 |323,317 |372,374 |357,819 |343,657
8, 982
195
125
75
6, 049
4, 450
27, 182
1, 662
57,033
4,121
21, 152
53, 966
15
54, 248
19, 104
12, 788
5.3
102, 319
9.9
115,170
10, 675
661
1, 287
772
100
4, 547
10, 183
8.4
101, 147
> eo re ws
=
Table 28.—Total Arrests by Age, 1970—Continued
Percent distribution !_ - -.....-
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent
(6) Manslaughter by negligence -
Forcible rape.
BR tt i cccnkengcnamebecousk
Violent crime *
Percent distribution !_ _......---
Subtotal for above offenses - - . -
Percent distribution !- - ......-
2
4
9
1
5
7
0
4
7
4
1
2
2
5
9
7
9
9
2
Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc. --
Prostitution and commercialized
od
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and
prostitution)
Narcotic drug laws
Offenses against family and children.
Driving under the influence
SSSeGnmtSGEnNs Ke FS CCAS
1 Because of rounding, the percentages may not add to total.
2 Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
* Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
4 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
Table 29.—Total Arrests of Persons Under 15, Under 18, Under 21, and Under 25 Years of Age, 1970
[5,270 agencies; 1970 population 151,604,000)
Number of persons arrested
Grand total Under Under Under Under Under Under Under
all ages 15 18 21 25 15 18 21
6, 570, 473 607,133 | 1,660,643 | 2,570,280
(a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter -- 12, 836 187 1, 346 3, 240
(6) Manslaughter by negligence 3,020 41 243 698
15, 411 634 3, 205 6, 533
87, 687 9, 695 29, 289 49, 674
125, 971 20, 756 37, 588
285, 418 148, 296 200, 861
616, 099 312, 066 409, 431
127,341 71, 456 95, 440
241, 905 54, 596 97, 085
1, 028, 858 531,818 | 705, 732
oa 1, 273, 783 586, 657 803, 465
287, 027 52, 282 88, O11
9, 409 5, 594 6, 543
43,833 4, 632 12, 598
76, 861 3, 087 11, 020
8,172 349 1, 186
61,517 18, 554 31, 348
111, 671 80, 632 90, 885
102, 725 17, 010 32, 601
Prostitution and commercialized vice__........... 49, 344 1, 156 10, 232
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitution) . 49, 328 10, 421 16, 824
346, 412 77, 756 183, 10
84, 804 218 1, 649 5, 083
56, 620 263 857 7, 227
423, 522 95 4, 633 30, 720
222, 464 6, 612 75, 288
1, 512, 672 5, 031 40, 966
589, 642 42,795 124, 077
101, 093 2,179 12, 311
804, 780 88, 784 237, 361
70,173 6, 205 20, 750
105, 548 26, 966 105, 548
179, 073 70, 230 179, 073
~~“ 4 00 the se Fe et
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
3 Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
eoeonmonrwnrno ll ol wal wee he oan wm
4
5
7
3
2
2
como woomwso
Table 30.—Total Arrests, Distribution by Sex, 1970
[5,270 agencies; 1970 population 151,604,000}
Number of persons arrested Percent of total !
ctticcmiiaaittpaicstiay tice Oe | Deneent
Male Female
Total Male Female
6, 570, 473 5, 623, 576
Criminal homicide: OS EE
(a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter. 12, 836 10, 857
(b) Manslaughter by negligence 3,020 2, 607
Forcible rape 15,411 15, 411
87, 687 82, 340
125, 971 110, 057
285, 418 272, 047
616, 099 443, 902
127,341 120, 858
1, 273, 783
287,027
9, 409
43, 833
76, 861
8,172
61,517
111, 671
102, 725
49,344
49, 328
346, 412
84, 804
Offenses against family and children 56, 620
Driving under the influence 423, 522
222, 464
1,512, 672
589, 642
101, 093
804,780
70, 173
105, 548
179, 073
1 Because of rounding, the percentages may not add to total.
2 Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
3 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
‘ Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
Table 31.—Tofal Arrest Trends by Sex, 1969-70
[4,222 agencies; 1970 population 137,267,000]
Under 18
, 848, $40 |5, 059, 952
10, 112
2, 406
14, 116
78, 532
100, 320
249, 185
407, 752
112, 188
203, 080
Prostitution and commercialized vice. -
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and
Offenses against family and children. -
Driving under the influence
Suspicion (not included in totals)
Curfew and loitering law violations. - -
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
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Table 33.—City Arrest Trends, 1969-70
[3,181 cities over 2,500; 1970 population 103,043,000)
Number of persons arrested
Total all ages Under 18 years of age 18 years of age and over
1970 Percent
change !
5,189, 146 le 1,305,513 3,883,633 +4,7
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter. - 10, 336 1,171 9, 165 +4.8
(6) Manslaughter by negligence 1,891 173 1,718 —15.9
‘ 11, 579 2, 555 ‘ 9, 024 ®
76, 887 26, 726 4 50, 161 +10. 2
98, 418 17, 301 81, 027 +2.7
216, 554 113, 398 y 103, 156 +10. 6
512, 149 265, 424 246,725 +19. 2
102, 702 57,992 k 44,710 +1.7
197, 220 47,843 . 149, 377 +5.1
831, 405 436,814 304, 501 +14.6
1, 030, 516 . 484, 830 545, 686 +11.7
232, 100 . 44, 509 187, 591 +3.1
4,445 ° 2, 751 +14.1
3, 660 lo 29, 034 +11.3
2,611 46, 866
247 . 6, 389
15,117 34, 650
63, 968 23, 904
14, 723 71,975
Prostitution and commercialized vice_._.........- ° 1,071 45, 248
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitution). 5 8,149 31, 160
Narcotic drug laws a 62, 118 218, 025
78, 268 1, 556 : 76,712
32, 525 583 31, 942
309, 279 3, 342 305, 937
158, 71 58, 782 104, 989
1, 261, 427 30, 923 i 1, 230, 504
504, 248 ; 308, 274
90, 576 t 80, 111
590, 050 411, 885
58, 558 42, 228
88, 734
126, 541
1 In 742 cities over 25,000 population, arrests of persons under 18 years of age increased 1.7 percent and arrests of persons 18 and over increased 4.6 percent;
in 2,439 cities under 25,000 population, arrests of persons under 18 increased 6.0 percent and arrests of persons 18 and over increased 5.6 percent.
2 Increase of less than one-tenth of one percent.
4 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
4 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
Table 34.—City Arrests by Age, 1970
[3,929 cities over 2,500; 1970 population 111,408,000}
Ages
Ages Ages 18 and
under 15 funder 18] over
10 and
under 11-12 13-14 15
533, 655 , 239, 740 | 68, 290 | 120, 468
9.4 74.9 1.2 21
Criminal homicide:
(a2) Murder and nonnegligent
(6) Manslaughter by negligence.
Forcible rape
NT ahd stains dct es
Aggravated assault
Burglary—breaking or entering
Larceny—theft
Auto theft.
Violent crime 158, 028
Percent distribution ; 76.1
Property crime ¢ 422,744
Percent distribution ! 47.5
Subtotal for above offenses 582, 602
Percent distribution !......... 53.0
203, 405
2, 968
30, 959
51, 516
pO ES ee 6, 783
Stolen property; buying, receiving,
37, 082
25, 851
76, 767
46, 266
Sex offenses (except forcible rape
and prostitution) 32,717
Narcotic drug laws 226, 986
Offenses against family and children.
Driving under the influence
Liquor laws.
Drunkenness
All other offenses (except traffic) - . -.
Suspicion
Curfew and loitering law violations...
Runaways
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 34.—City Arrests by Age, 1970—Continued
25-29 | 30-34 | 35-39 | 40-44| 45-49/ 50-54] 55-59] 60-64| 65and| Not
over | known
180,458 | 109,184) 95,214
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent
manslaugh
Subtotal for above offenses
Percent distribution !
4, 384
Prostitution and commercialized
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and
prostitution)
1 Because of rounding, the percentages may not add to total.
Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
§ Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
‘ Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
Table 35.—City Arrests of Persons Under 15, Under 18, Under 21, and Under 25 Years of Age, 1970
[3,929 cities over 2,500; 1970 population 111,408,000}
Number of persons arrested Percentage
Under 15 | Under18 | Under21 | Under 25 | Under 15| Under 18 | Under 21| Under 25
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter. - . .
(0) Manslaughter by negligence
Violent crime !
Property crime 2
Subtotal for above offenses
Stolen property; buying, receiving, possessing
Vandalism
Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc
Prostitution and commercialized vice
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitution)...
Liquor laws.
Drunkenness
All other offenses (except traffic)
Suspicion
Curfew and loitering law violations.
Runaways
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
3 Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
439-758 O- 71 - 10
Table 36.—City Arrests, Distribution by Sex, 1970
[3,929 cities over 2,500; 1970 population 111,408,000]
Number of persons arrested Percent of total !
Offense charged Percent | Percent
male female
4, 837, 393
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter 9, 126
(b) Manslaughter by negligence 1,772
12, 256
74, 836
90, 965
220, 398
390, 227
103, 527
187, 183
714, 152
903, 107
217, 233
6, 974
26, 376
39, 087
5, 197
48, 204
87, 500
86, 090
>
ee tae
enoroar
ae
9, 891
35, 935
246, 297
73, 548
32,719
317, 714
154, 854
1,376,719 1, 280, 895
540, 076 457, 854
75, 923
534, 427
56, 395
76, 820
64, 263
1 Because of rounding, the percentages may not add to total.
2 Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
3 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
4 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
Table 37.—City Arrest Trends by Sex, 1969-70
[3,181 cities over 2,500; 1970 population 103,043,000]
Males
Total
1970 |Percent; 1969
change
+3,3 |1,015, 962 |1,027, 889
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter.
(6) Manslaughter by negligence
Forcible rape
4,778
Aggravated assault . a 13, 248
Burglary—breaking or entering j . 10, 117
Larceny—theft 148, 795
Auto theft L 5, 190
Violent crime ! 19, 600
Property crime? 164, 102
Subtotal for above offenses. 6 183, 927
31,014
717
7, 942
13, 796
1,775
4,745
6, 883
75, 619 5, 894
Prostitution and commercialized vice 9, 387 +3.7 36, 587
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitu-
ee ep Se ey eee Ne ne 37, 579 —9.3 7,303 5,219 2, 075
DRareeein Gin WING. 60 bose. sce d ccc 167,402 | 236,184 | +41.1 38, 721 43, 959 10, 229
68, 044 71,963 | +5.8 1,579 6, 305 46
Offenses against family and children 28,762 | —3.5 464 3, 763 160
Driving under the influence - _...............- 262,759 | 287,902 | +9.6 2,776 21,377 115
REDD 5 os «5's dong cttavidincdedecaudls 146,116 | 137,921) —5.6 46, 657 20, 850 9, 211
1,173,708 | —2.5 30, 492 . 87, 719 k 4, 352
427,439 | —5.0 89, 249 . 76, 809 17, 650
72,097 | —16.9 8, 927 . 18,479 | +59.7 | 1,457
492,850 | +11.9 | 132,212 97,200 | +14.9 | 39,443
50,416 | —32.9 16, 395 . 8,142 | —38.8 | 2,781
70,358 | —3.9 73, 237 } 18,376 +.3 | 18,314
58, 809 +.9 58, 301 . 67,7382 | +1.7 | 66,602
! Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
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Table 39.—Suburban Arrest Trends, 1969-70
[1,675 agencies; 1970 population 39,775,000]
Number of persons arrested
Under 18 years of age 18 years of age and over
1969 1970 Percent
change
1,067,085 | 1,157,495 373,422 | 403,079
_————SSSSSS=_|«—E»E_—[—[[[[[oU_—_—-__VISqEE)$$ \——_—_—_]_————
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter. 1,410 1, 527 128
(b) Manslaughter by negligence 625
Forcible rape 2, 689
10, 324
22, 025
59, 792
126, 783
28, 627
36, 565
210, 202
247, 392
53, 116
2, 160
8, 419
17, 483
1, 285
11, 372
29, 223
14, 419
1, 980
9, 492
75, 747
4, 344
12, 259
89, 266
52, 909 52, 329
163, 480 160, 667
99, 446 101, 635
8, 317 7, 269
All other offenses (except traffic) 164, 536 179, 510 +91
Suspicion (not included in totals) 13, 535 12, 650 —6.5
24, 958 26, 318 +5. 4
45, 861 51, 810 +13.0
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
Offense charged
Percent distribution !__..__.._.
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent
manslaughter
(6) Manslaughter by negligence.
Aggravated assault
Burglary—break ing or entering
Larceny —theft
Auto theft
Violent crime 3
Percent distribution 1________-
Property crime é
Pireent distribution !
Subtotal for above offenses
Percent distribution !
Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc. --
Prostitution and commercialized
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and
prostitution)
Narcotic drug laws.__-
Offenses against family and children_.
Driving under the influence
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 40.—Suburban Arrests by Age, 1970
[2,018 agencies; 1970 population 45,206,000)
140, 924
50.1
3, 704
10, 327
399
521
1,2
14, 430
6.0
14, 952
6.9 7.9 71
——
16 32 43
7 4 17
71 113 167
631 525 766
900 808 | 1,008
10,491 | 7,659 | 7,555
22,895 | 13,916 | 14,368
3,608 | 4,395 | 4,399
1,618 | 1,478
3.8 3.5 4.7 5.5
36,994 | 25,970 | 26,322 | 21,331
15.5 10.9 11.0 8.9
38, 619
13.7
7.0
18, 073
7.6
6.1
12, 423
5.2
92,429 |106,298 | 95,881 | 87,312 | 70,092 | 56,955
1,984 | 2,301 | 2,962 | 2,571 | 2,328
5.5
9, 389
3.9
Table 40.—Suburban Arrests by Age, 1970—Continued
Offense charged
50,227 | 45,701 | 41,994 | 33,421
3.7 3.4 3.1 2.5
_—————
Criminal homicide:
(a2) Murder and nonnegligent
Burglary—breaking or entering
Larceny—theft.
Auto theft
gt88uexe
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=
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r
on
pe
aww
Subtotal for above offenses
Percent distribution !__...__..-
:
18
Forgery and counterfeiting
cil cnchartssicsoiknteidlggtes cornices nae
Embezzlement
Stolen property; buying, receiving
Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc__..
Prostitution and commercialized
91
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and
prostitution) A 610
Narcotic drug laws. 2,587 | 1,263
Gambling 698 630
Offenses against family and children_. 2,521 | 2,110
Driving under the influence 12, 288 | 12,222
824 742
16, 946 | 17,923
7, 539 | 6,380
447 336
All other offenses (except traffic)... _. 13, 676 | 11,275
Suspicion 590 453
! Because of rounding, the percentages may not add to total.
? Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
3 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
4 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
Table 41.—Suburban Arrests of Persons Under 15, Under 18, Under 21, and Under 25 Years of Age, 1970
Offense charged
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter
(6) Manslaughter by negligence
Aggravated assault
Burglary—breaking or entering - - - -
Larceny—theft
Auto theft
NS FA. ccc veswn di batuang bacaconeed
Property crime ?
Subtotal for above offenses
Embezzlement
Stolen property; buying, receiving, possessing
RE ES Bet neeeditlekecdeacees
Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc
Prostitution and commercialized vice
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitution) -_....-----
Liquor laws
Drunkenness
[2,018 agencies; 1970 population 45,206,000)
Grand
total
all
ages
1, 344, 050
1,797
742
3,147
11,578
25,514
67,738
144, 361
26, 667
neon 42, 036
238, 766
281,544
59, 470
9, 427
19, 578
1,504
13, 248
Kaeg 32,774
16,712
2,191
10, 645
5,017
62, 337
114,799
212,720
57, 133
2,428 |
83,967 ||
15,961 |
103, 042
185, 121 |
8,569 ||
16, 442
29, 421
Number of persons arrested
22
10
89
944
16, 232
38, 821
4, 086
2, 336
59, 139
61, 485
4, 679
1, 104
135
125
20
1, 454
16, 954
1, 140
2
1, 100
3, 275
42
132 |
27
2, 475
1, 704
12, 510
523
29, 403
1, 935
6, 700 |
22, 229
63
588
3, 165
4, 205
37, 688
79, 096
15, 978
8, 099
132, 762
| 140,924
11, 504
1, 640
901
609
62
8, 269
53, 238
30, 901
55, 746
4, 112
109, 879
10, 868
29, 421
57, 133
53, 700
73, 249
5,411
140, 017
13, 162
29, 421
57, 133
Under Under Under
15 18 21
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
3 Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
Under
25
Table 42.—Suburban Arrests, Distribution by Sex, 1970
[2,018 agencies; 1970 population 45,206,000]
Number of persons arrested Percent of total !
Offense charged bia la dace cl Saati Percent | Percent
a male female
Total Female
1, 344, 050
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter
(6) Manslaughter by negligence
Aggravated assault
Burglary—breaking or entering
Larceny—theft
Auto theft
Violent crime *
Property crime 4
Subtotal for above offenses
e . ©.
Oranwwe eo
.
wat
ante Re DW An e@
repr.
Prostitution and commercialized vice
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitution.) ...........-. eal
SOnoeamrraeaacndc! wei @meniarnanoon
1
9
5
9
9
0
Suspicion
Curfew and loitering law violations.
Runaways
corm r wow
1 Because of rounding, the percentages may not add to total.
2 Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
3 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
4 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny ard auto theft.
Table 43.—Suburban Arrests by Race, 1970
[2,001 agencies; 1970 population 44,903,000]
Total arrests
Offense charged oy)
cine eagles tacit ile ticaallal
Negro | Indian | Chi- White | Negro | Indian| Chi- Jap- All
nese anese | others
Percent distribution
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent man-
slaughter 1, 788 1, 099
(6) Manslaughter by negligence 733 617
3,127 2, 187
11, 556 6, 490
Aggravated assault 25, 395 18, 220
Burglary—breaking or entering 67,341 54, 642
Larceny—theft 143, 259 114, 508
Auto theft 26, 471 20, 650
Violent crime ! 41, 866 27, 996
Property crime 2 237, 071 189, 800
Subtotal for above offenses 279, 670 218, 413
59, 337 46, 015
2,415 2, 142
9,397 7, 394
19, 588 16, 143
1,502 1,320
13,114 9, 712
32, 464 29, 675
16, 657 11,811
Prostitution and commercialized vice---- 2,189 1, 396
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and
IID cb scasceieconsnioeadinatnaeeinss kan 10, 599 9, 440
83, 321 74, 585
4, 955 3, 038
Offenses against family and children._._.| 15,881 13, 063
Driving under the influence 102, 616 91, 086
Liquor laws 61,725 58, 494
Drunkenness 183, 024 156, 408
114,141 || 95, 543
8,556 || 7,251
210,874 || 180,208
16,406 || 14,529
Curfew and loitering law violations 29, 265 | 27, 421
Runaways 56,808 || 52,295
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 43.—Suburban Arrests by Race, 1970—Continued
Arrests under 18 * Percent distribution
White | Negro | Indian| Chi- | Japa- All Negro | Indian | Chi-
Japa-
nese nese | others =
nese
102 201
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder anc noanegligent man-
(6) Manslaughte: by negligence. __..
Forcible rape
hiiirccnttinaksdindtictininsnantand
nmr ner own
oo
Prostitution and commercialized vice-...
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and
+5
-5
+7
4
1
1
Curfew and loitering law violations
I iia Se nee mate ads
NINOS ee Oe
-.
See footnotes at end of table.
|
Table 43.—Suburban Arrests by Race, 1970—Continued
Offense charged
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent man-
slaughter
(6) Manslaughter by negligence-_ -__-
Aggravated assault
Burglary—breaking or entering
Larceny—theft
Auto theft
Violent crime !
Property crime 2
Subtotal for above offenses
Arrests 18 and over ?
Negro
127,817
30, 755 |
Indian
Chi-
11, 638
Prostitution and commercialized vice--__| 2,070 ||
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and | |
prostitution) 7,244 ||
Narcotic drug laws 55, 267 ||
Gambling | 4,575
Offenses against family and children | 13,885 ||
Driving under the influence 91,874 ||
Liquor laws _....-| 29,389 ||
Drunkenness -| 161,181 |)
9, 629
104 |
1, 673
2, 936 |
150 |
1, 867 |
616 |
3, 535
720 |
657
6, 134 |
1, 729
2, 416
8, 326
|
1, 883 |
21, 099
12, 014 |
1, 022 |
19, 262 |
24
6
42
452 |
167 |
2, 922
308
61
479 |
Percent distribution
Negro | Indian| Chi-
nese
All
others
Sew reroaow
~o
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
3 Data used only when adult and juvenile race furnished.
Table 44.—Rural Arrest Trends, 1969-70
(872 agencies; 1970 population 15,753,000)
Number of persons arrested
Total all ages Under 18 years of age 18 years of age and over
1970 Percent
chang
224,073
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter b 630
(6) Manslaughter by negligence. 510
Forcible rape 787
1,176
4,945
8, 805
11,322
2, 618
Aggravated assault
Burglary—breaking or entering
Larceny—theft
Auto theft
Violent crime !
7, 538
Property crime?
22, 742
~ il el eal Ot wearaow
Subtotal for above offenses
wo:
30, 790
8, 904
352
2,325
7,833
520
1, 636
5, 565 2, 179
2, 186
oe
198 189
1, 866 1, 608
9, 290 7, 595
2, 055 1,942 1,930
6, 262 6, 571 6, 511
25, 490 30, 487 30, 179
21, 025 22, 688 15, 161
2 39, 663 46, 442 44,811
Disorderly conduct 12, 358 12, 801 11, 296
Vagrancy 1, 839 1, 687 bs 1, 531
All other offenses (except traffic) 49, 803 57, 216 3 46, 587
Suspicion (n * included in totals) . 1,372 1,439 ; 825
Curfew and loitering law violations. 1, 420 1, 672
Runaways » 8, 167 10, 344
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
Table 45.—Rural Arrests by Age, 1979
[1,131 agencies; 1970 population 19,366,000]
Grand
Offense charged total
all ages 8 10and | 11-12 | 13-14 15
under
387, 903 3,064
12,464 | 14,385 | 21,731 | 22,689 | 25,072 | 22,199
-8 3.2 : 5.6 5.8 6.5
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent
manslaughter
(b) Manslaughter by negligence-
Forcible rape
Aggravated assault
Burglary—breaking or entering
Larceny—theft
Auto theft
Violent crime 3
Percent distribution !
Property crime ¢
Percent distribution 1__......--
Subtotal for above offenses
Percent distribution !
Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc...
Prostitution and commercialized
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and
prostitution)
Narcotic drug laws
Offenses against family and children _-
Driving under the influence
Sex 8u FoR
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 45.—Rural Arrests by Age, 1970—Continued
Age
Offense charged ace
60-64 | 65and | Not
over | known
|
5,427 |
1.4
15,988 | 15,486 | 14,463 | 12,077 | 40,740 | 31,340 | 28,236 | 26,373 | 21,410
4.1 4.0 3.7 3.1 10.5
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent
manslaughter. 37
(6) Manslaughter by negligence... 42
Forcible rape 75
Robbery. 114
Aggravated assault 416
Burglary—breaking or entering 733
Larceny—theft
Auto theft 206
Violent crime * 642
Percent distribution !_....._.....- 5.6 5.3
Property crime ¢ 1,988 | 1,751
Percent distribution ! . 3.9 3.4
Subtotal for above offenses
Percent distribution !_..._....-
Other assaults
a
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and
prostitution)
Narcotic drug laws
Gambling
Offenses against family and children_-_
Driving under the influence
Liguor laws
Drunkenness
All other offenses (except traffic) ..._.
Suspicion
Curfew and loitering law violations
Runaways.
! Because of rounding, the percentages may not add to total.
2? Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
3 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
4 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
439-758 O- 71-11
Table 46.—Rural Arrests of Persons Under 15, Under 18, Under 21, and Under 25 Years of Age, 1970
[1,131 agencies; 1970 population 19,366,000]
Number of persons arrested
Under 15 | Under 18 | Under 21 | Under 25 | Under 15| Under 18 | Under 21 | Under 25
Offense charged
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter
(b) Manslaughter by negligence
Forcible rape
Burglary—breaking or entering - ..............-.-...-.---.-.-
Larceny—theft
Auto theft
ae at > bet et et oe OS
Offenses against family and children_--...............-.....-
Driving under the influence.
! Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
3 Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
Table 47.—Rural Arrests, Distribution by Sex, 1970
[1,131 agencies; 1970 population 19,366,000]
Number of persons arrested Percent of total !
Offense charged ee tk re
Total Male Female
100.0
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter
(6) Manslaughter by negligence
Aggravated assault
Burglary—breaking or entering
Larceny—theft.
Auto theft
Violent crime ?
Property crime ?
Subtotal for above offenses
Embezzlement
Stolen property; buying, receiving, possessing
Vandalism
Liquor laws
Drunkenness.
1 Because of rounding, the percentages may not add to total.
? Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
* Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
4 Less than one-tenth of 1 percent. .
Table 48.—Rural Arrests by Race, 1970
[1,107 agencies; 1970 population 18,998,000]
Total arrests Percent distribution
Offense charged
| | |
Indian Chinese’ Japa- All White | Negro | indian Chinese’ Japa- All
nese | others
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent man-
EE is: cncindichbacwctdnetcncas 605
(6) Manslaughter by negligence 523
EEE ee ee 1,049
1,376
5,970
18, 805
19,377
5, 522
TID diccininihigtbwcnmsnamensakse 9, 000
Property crime? 43, 704
Subtotal for above offenses 53, 227
10, 215
725
3, 208
10, 999
599
2, 519
6, 527
2, 655
Prostitution and commercialized vice 138
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and pros-
titution)
Narcotic drug laws ----
onws @
>
Disorderly conduct
SS caled nebsiebididwen wemailnkiehiae
All other offenses (except traffic)
iS didn kanaaphaedeeerdnbeaeanavt
Curfew and loitering law violations
INNS picks spheninici athe atmadelwihagban
- _— +
aorewwmwa a @
See footnotes at end of table.
Sawn ann
ceeanil~!l ae!
- & &
-oao
| al
co
6
4
3
2
8
ee
” *
OQOrewoman@ @
Offense charged
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent man-
(6) Manslaughter by negligence___-----
Forcible rape
Ning dsccnccesonenscccequcis ae
Auto theft
Curfew and loitering law violations
Runaways
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 48.—Rural Arrests by Race, 1970—Continued
Total White
67,027
49
26
172
268
513
8,244
6,947
2,824
1,002
18,015
19,043
37
23
14
199
391
7, 337
6, 119
2,473
761
15, 929
16, 713
616
276
204
§
~
2. BEB «s
»
Arrests under 18 3 Percent distribution
Negro | Indian} Chi- | Japa- All | White | Negro | Indian| Chi-
nese nese | others
Table 48.—Rural Arrests by Race, 1970—Continuved
Arrests 18 and over? Percent distribution
Offense charged
|
Negro Indian Chinese’ Japa- | All | white | Negro | Indian ‘chinese Jape- | All
nese others
I;
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent man-
np
~seows @ © w
811
1,118
Aggravated assault 5, 204
Burglary—breaking or entering 9, 320
Laseony—thelt...................-...... es 11, 385
Auto theft 2, 668
Violent crime ! 7, 680
Property 2 23, 373
Subtotal for above offenses_.......__- 31, 519
8, 860
369
2, 639
10, 648
495
1, 737
2, 162
2, 100
Prostitution and commercialized vice
Sex offenses (except forcible rape and
prostitution)
Narcotic drug laws
Gambling
Offenses against family and children
Driving under the influence
Liquor laws ;
i oa ene cman ald
1 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
2 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
3 Data used only when adult and juvenile race furnished.
Table 49.—Suburban and Rural Arrest Trends! by Sex, 1969-70
1,675 suburban agencies; 1970 population 39,775,000 872 rural agencies; 1970 population 15,753,000
Offense charged
23,390 | 27,998 | +19,7
Criminal homicide:
(a) Murder and nonnegligent
1, 281
606 542
2,627 2, 689
8,595 9, 776
Aggravated assault 17, 7% 19, 677
Burglary—breaking or entering....| 54,049 56, 968
Larceny—theft 82, 227 91, 736
22,213 22, 315
88 |
e882
el
30, 215 33, 423
158,489 | 171,019
oD wh Stel sakekeene
R»
~
5
189,310 | 204, 984
> £2
_s
44, 543 46, 718
1,921 2,029
5, 453 6, 406
11, 152 12, 469
1,298 935
-_
8, 234 10, 444
27, 688 27, 168
Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc. 11, 837 13, 602
Bie s83s6
Prostitution and commercialized
295 285
8, 392
40,729
3, 655
as
All other offenses (except traffic) - --
Suspicion (not included in totals) - -
Curfew and loitering law violations.
Runaways
1 In suburban agencies male arrests under 18 increased 6.1 percent and female arrests under 18 increased 15.2 percent. In rural agencies male arrests under
18 increased 14.3 percent and female arrests under 18 increased 22.2 percent.
2 Violent crime is offenses of murder, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault.
3 Property crime is offenses of burglary, larceny and auto theft.
Police Employee Data
This section contains tables relating to police
personnel. Figures showing police strength by
number of full-time police officers and civilian em-
ployees are based on national averages. These
figures should not be interpreted as indicating
recommended or desirable police strength. Ade-
quate police requirements for a specific place can
only be determined following careful study and
analysis of the local situation together with a
thorough evaluation of the numerous factors which
affect local police needs.
Two tables containing police employee rates are
set forth. In the first, total employees including
civilian personnel are used, whereas in the second
table only sworn personnel are used to compute
rates.
The police employee rate ranges in Table 50,
which include civilians, show the interquartile
range between the upper limits of the lowest
quartile and the lower limits of the highest quar-
tile. In other words, 50 percent of the cities shown
in each population group and geographic division
have a police strength within the rate ranges
shown. By arraying rates in this manner, extremes
are eliminated.
In Table 51 where rates are published for police
officers, complete rate ranges are provided as sup-
plemental data for those who may be interested
in using these figures to make limited comparisons.
Another table is presented showing police
strength for all state police and state highway
patrol organizations. This table is designed to
show, by state, the number of miles of state and
Federal highway per sworn employee, as well as
the number of registered vehicles per officer. These
rates are only a rough yardstick as to comparative
workload and personnel strength because of widely
differing functions and other factors. The wide
variations in sworn and civilian personnel among
the various states can be accounted for in part
by the differences in responsibilities assigned to
the departments. It is pointed out, for instance,
that state police generally are responsible not
only for traffic patrol, but also conduct a major
portion of the criminal investigative work in the
unincorporated areas of the states. On the other
hand, the activities of the state highway patrol
organizations for the most part are limited to
traffic and highway patrol, which includes han-
dling all types of crime which come to their
attention during the performance of their patrol
functions. Many of these state highway patrol
groups also are authorized to and do participate
in criminal investigative work when requested to
do so by local departments or sheriffs’ offices.
The annual collection of police employee data
provides figures for police killed and assaulted.
Collection of these data is supplemented with
respect to police killed in the line of duty through
the use of a special questionnaire, by means of
which additional details on this important subject
are accumulated. Data relative to police killed
and assaulted are also presented in the Summary
Section of this publication.
Table 50.—Full-Time Police Department Employees,’ December 31, 1970, Number and Rate per 1,000 Inhabitants, by Geographic
Divisions and Population Groups
[1970 population]
Geographic division
TOTAL: 4,068 cities; population 114,751,000:
Number of police employees
Average number of employees per 1,000 inhabitants _
New England: 338 cities; population 8,933,000:
Number of police employees
Average number of employees per 1,000 inhabitants.
Interquartile range
Middle Atlantic: 939 cities; population 25,686,000:
Number of police employees
Average number of employees per 1,000 inhabitants_
Interquartile range
East North Central: 901 cities; population 23,914,000:
Number of police employees
Average number of employees per 1,000 inhabitants.
Interquartile range
West North Central: 409 cities; population 8,712,000:
Number of police employees
Average number of employees per 1,000 inhabitants _
Interquartile range
South Atlantic: 348 cities; population 10,700,000:
Number of police employees
Average number of employees per 1,000 inhabitants -
Interquartile range
East South Central: 258 cities; population 5,038,000:
Number of police employees
Average number of employees per 1,000 inhabitants_
West South Central: 280 cities; population 10,754,000:
Number of police employees
Average rium ber of employees per 1,000 inhabitants _
Interquartile range
Mountain : 183 cities; population 4,814,000:
Number of police employees
Average number of employees per 1,000 inhabitants -
Interquartile range
Pacific: 412 cities; population 16,200,000:
Number of police employees
Average number of employees per 1,000 inhabitants_
Interquartile range
TOTAL
(4,068
cities;
population
114,751,000)
269, 127
2.3
1,2-1,9
19, 369
22
1,3-2,0
76, 371
3,0
1, 1-2,2
56, 212
2.4
1,3-2,0
16, 189
19
13-19
27,591
2.6
1,92,7
9,812
1.9
15-23
18, 966
1,8
1,3-1,9
9,211
1,9
1,5-2,4
35, 406
2,2
1,6-2.4
Group I
55
(
cities over
250,000;
population
41,275,000)
4.3
3.0-4.4
31, 005
3.6
1.8-3.3
6, 746
2.7
1.8-3.6
10, 077
3.8
2.1-2.7
3, 371
1.9
1.6-2.1
9, 831
2.0
1.6-1.9
3, 027
2.2
1.9-2.4
18, 967
2.8
1.9-3.0
Group II
(94 cities,
100,000 to
250,000;
population
13,470,000)
2,032
19
1.6-2.3
1, 493
2.2
1.8-3.5
3, 204
1.7
1.62.1
Population group
Group III Group IV
(242 cities, (471 cities,
50,000 to 25,000 to
100,000; 50,000;
population | population
16,254,000)
cis dis,
79 citi
under 10, 006,
pop pulation
10,816,000)
Group V
(1,027 cities,
10,000 to
,000,
population
16,742,000) 16,194,000)
29, 569 27, 342
1,7
3, 408
2.4
1.9-2,7
431
19
1,.9-2.1
2,491
1.5
1.2-1.7
1, 381
1.5
1,2-1.6
5, 183
1.7
1.4-1.8
Suburban Police and County Sheriff Departments
Suburban: * 2,076 agencies; population 48,291,000:
Number of police employees
Sheriffs: 1,252 agencies; population 37,178,000:
Number of police employees
Average number of employees per 1,000 inhabitants
Interquartile range
Average number of employees per 1,000 inhabitants
Interquartile range
1 Includes civilians.
2 Only one city this size in geographic division.
3 Includes suburban city and county police agencies within metropolitan areas. Excludes core cities. Suburban cities are also included in other city groups.
Population figures rounded to the nearest thousand. All rates were calculated on the population before rounding.
Table 51.—Full-Time Police Department Officers, December 31, 1970, Number and Rate per 1,000 Inhabitants, by Geographic
Divisions and Population Groups
[1970 population]
Population group
TOTAL Group I Group II Group III Group IV oo 7 Group VI
Geographic division (4,068 (55 cities (94 cities, (242 cities, (471 cities, (1,027 cities, | (2,179 cities
; over 100,000 to 50,000 to 25,000 to 10,000 to | under 10,000;
tion 250,000; 250,000; 100,000; 50,000; 25,000; population
popula ,
114,751,000) population | population | population population | po 10,816,000)
41,275,000) 13,470,000) 16,742,000) 16,254,000)
Total: 4,068 cities; population 114,751,000:
Number of police officers 233, 562
Average number of officers per 1,000 inhabitants___- 2.0 1.6
0,1-7.5 \ 0,1-7,5
New England: 338 cities; population 8,933,000:
Number of police officers 17,878
Average number of officers per 1,000 inhabitants 2.0
0, 2-4,5
Middle Atlantic: 939 cities; population 25,686,000:
Number of police officers 69, 671
Average number of officers per 1,000 inhabitants = 2.7
0,1-7,4
East North Central: 901 cities; population 23,914,000:
Number of police officers 48, 734
Average number of officers per 1,000 inhabitants. - 2.0
Rate range 0, 1-6.5
West North Central: 409 cities; population 8,712,000:
Number of police officers. ___..................- 13, 512 5,340
Average number of officers per 1,000 inhabitants - -- 1.6 2.1
Rate range 0, 6-6, 4 1.2-3.6
South Atlantic: 348 cities; population 10,700,000:
Number of police officers 23, 590 8, 495 b 2,927
Average number of officers per 1,000 — ; 22 3.2 Ki 21
Rate range 0, 4-7.4 1.46.7 ‘ 43.4
East South Central: 258 cities; population aainasee
Number of police officers 8,333 2, 840 1, 682 378
Average number of officers per 1,000 inhabitants. - 1,7 16 17 L7
Rate range 0,.3-4,7 1.31.8 . 2-2. 1 .4-1.9
West South Central: 280 cities; population 10,754,000:
Number of police officers 16, 069 8, 181 1, 756 2, 137
Average number of officers per 1,000 inhabitants_- 1.5 1.6 1.6 13
Rate range 0, 5-2.8 1.2-2.4 . 2.3 92.2
Mountain: 183 cities; population 4,814,000:
Number of police officers 7,524 2, 447 1,184 1, 149
Average number of officers per 1,000 inhabitants __ 1.6 1.8 L7 13
0. 6-5,0 132.3 . 43.0 - 82.7
Pacific: 412 cities; population 16,200,000: i
Number of police officers 28,251 14, 796 2, 602 4,104
Average number of officers per 1,000 ae. an 1,7 2.1 L4 13
0, 4-7.5 1.2-2.8 L018 .82.1
Suburban: ? 2,076 agencies; population 48,291,000: Sheriffs: 1,252 agencies; population 37,178,000:
Number of police officers Number of officers
Average number of officers per 1,000 inhabitants__ 1.4 |
1 Only one city this size in geographic division.
?Includes suburban city and county police agencies within metropolitan areas. Excludes core cities. Suburban cities are also included in other city groups.
Population figures rounded to the nearest thousand. All rates were calculated on the population before rounding.
Table 52.—Civilian Police Department Employees, December 31, 1970, Percentage of Total by Population Groups
Population group civilian
employees
Percen |
= | Population group
|
TOTAL, ALL CITIES 13.2 | Group III (50,000-100,000)
=== |} Group IV (25,000-50,000)
Group I (Over 250,000) 14.0 Group V (10,000-25,000)
(Over 1,000,000) BES Te CE OD 6 ois Secincdesncencsnsccusiibecsecins
15.2 | Suburban agencies
15.7
|
|
16.1 |
Table 53.—Number of Police Officers Killed,’ 1970, by Geographic Division and Population Groups
Population group
Group II Group III Group IV | Group V Group VI
Geographic division sessment cnt lice lagna eka Al
100,000 50,000 25,000 10,000 Under
to to to to 10,000
250,000 50,000 25,000
5
Rea taBba Bw
1100 killed by felons; 46 killed in accidents.
Table 54.—Assaults on Police Officers, 1970 by Geographic Divisions and Population Groups
[5,185 agencies; 1970 population 130,713,000}
Assaults | Rate
Geographic with per 100 Population group
division | | injury police
| | officers
43,171
New England 2, 466
Middle Atlantic 9, 654
East North Central 11, 584
West North Central 2,263 Group IV (25,000 to 50,000). ____..
South Atlantic 5,942 Group V (10,000 to 25,000)
1,386 ‘ Group VI (under 10,000)... ......
3, 065 k
1,721 | Suburban agencies !
5,090 | . 5 | Sheriffs
Group I (over 250,000)
Group IT (100,000 to 250,000)
Group III (50,000 to 100,000) ___._..
1 Includes suburban city and county police agencies within metropolitan areas. Excludes core cities. Suburban cities are also included in other city groups.
Table 55.—Assaults on Police Officers, 1970, Percent Distribution of Weapons Used
[5,091 agencies; 1970 population 123,525,000}
Knifeor| Other | Hands,
Population group Total Fire- | cutting
Other ands,
dan- fists, dan- fists.
assaults instru- | gerous |feet, etc.
instru- | gerous feet, ete.
ment | weapon
TOTAL ALL
3, 962
AGENCIES
3, 962
10.3
10.3
Group I (over 250,000)... ....
(over 1,000,000)
(500,000 to 1,000,000)
(250,000 to 500,000).........-
Group II (100,000 to 250,000) _-
Group IIT (50,000 to 100,000) _-
Group IV (25,000 to 50,000) _- -
Group V (10,000 to 25,000) _- - -
1 Includes suburban city and county police agencies within metropolitan areas. Excludes core cities. Suburban cities are also included in other city groups.
Due to rounding percentage may not add to 100.0.
Table 56.—Full-Time State Police and Highway Patrol Employees, December 31, 1970
Miles of be ad
primary | mo
Police | Civil- | Police | highway | vehicle
officers| ians | killed per registra-
police tion per
officer police
officer
Table 57.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Employees, December 31, 1970, Cities 25,000 and over in Population
a eens ae a * Number of — ‘ Renee =
partment employees epartment employees epartment employees
City by State Peete | City by State m City by State ee
Total | Police | Civil-
ALABAMA
_
o
—
setS®Sesutse
~
oy
on
_
Long Beach............-.
Los Angeles.............
SBaee
28s
PG mics on ctcncwne
Monterey Park
Mountain View
s8eeéuse
awe
42 37
36 34
98 93
35 33
239 205
120 109
85 81
42 42
seeas
Sess
Set2®aBwsnwe
ee8ee
sks
Berkeley
Beverly Hills
Buena Park
— wo
ase
eRe ala
S88
CRG sk. stu
Torrington....--...
a
gugegexesesas8
eeea8Sue
Wallingford.............
We aceccndescens
Besesetgss
SesesBaesszBasex
_
—_
a
Culver City
IE incon
Daly City
sa58
SBRSET
DELAWARE
BRS
Wilmington.............
166
Table 57.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Employees, December 31, 1970, Cities 25,000 and over in Population—Con.
é pone moody Lb ma ¢ an —— ‘ a —_
e ment employees epartment employees epartment em ees
City by State Si eee City by State - City by State :
Police | Civil- Total | Police | Civil- Total | Police | Civil-
officers| ians ians ians
DISTRICT OF
COLUMBIA
Washington.............
s8.
88
FLORIDA
~
co
—
nu @
Downers Grove_...._...
East Saint Louis.....__.
o
reeee
S23828
Dubuque
Iowa City
SubBaeBsset
Jacksonville.............
4 ee
cakbaecoBawadS®
Be besnakiaon Bow
Sioux City
Waterloo
Bereoee_s
SEgsese
ERsssexzBbs
-F. COGN
s
North Miami Beach. _--
Orlando..........
SRor Sse BEBNSSESEBBSo
eseBesas
Pompano Beach
Saint Petersburg....-....
oa wnmwws
20
35
133
30
10
Northbrook - - -.........
North Chicago..........
eeureess
—
ne
SFeeeseee8s
Bowling Green
Covington
Lexington...............
Louisville.
Bog BsenxSxaeeseeeress
Ban Buwnmad
Rock Island_--.......-
Skokie
—
a
se
SSe2Rzes
LOUISIANA
eteeszSeBss8ssesexesssas
Alexandria.
Baton Rouge
Bossier City
_
RSaS
Lafayette
Bloomington...........- Lake Charles
Columbus
_
New Orleans............
Shreveport..............
,
'
ean BeSwawacry'
ee eS ae
MARYLAND
Michigan City. .......-
Mishawaka.
eexasstseiee
-
385
Annapolis..........
Bloomington...........- New Albany
Calumet City........... Richmond
Table 57.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Employees, December 31, 1970, Cities 25,000 and over in Population—Con.
Number of Police Number of Police Number of Police
department employees department employees department employees
iil iae City by State Se City by State
Total | Police | Civil-
City by State
MASSACHUSETTS MICHIGAN—Con.
_
_
Seca Swaw
&
| ee
University City
Webster Groves
oe
MONTANA
Redford Township
Roseville
Royal Oak
Saint Clair Shores
ee
Framingham.._...._..--
BeS Sawa Sat BP GraSnFa
as
_
co om 08 to om Bo me Oo Oo
-
ons & oO
Saginaw Township
Southfield
Leominster._............
Pea o wikcinckaawsns
Ypsilanti
MINNESOTA
Bloomington
Brooklyn Center
Brooklyn Park
Coon Rapids
7
2
7
4
8
1
2
6
2
1
1
3
B8eBese
Ssyxas
ad
-
garis
Sen &
ZNSEBR
BoB
= to
—
—
o=
Maplewood
Minneapolis
Minnetonka
Ses
SBN
Bergenfield
Bloomfield
Bridgewater Township_.
ReER
SSe8sae8
roe
i]
3 ee ae
South Saint Paul
enasnnBeoe
-_
#8
West Springfield
Weymouth
geBesseeuesee
RESS
Cranford Township
Dover Township
East Brunswick
a
z
~
ah ee
sesiseses
Bloomfield Township...
Clinton Township
Cape Girardeau
Columbia
Table 57.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Employees, December 31, 1970, Cities 25,000 and over in Population—Con.
é ee of — ‘ ashes <6 roe e Siosiaes of a
epartment employees epartment employees epartment employees
City by State City by State City by State a
Total | Police | Civil- Total | Police | Civil-
NEW JERSEY—Con. NEW YORK—Con.
a
a
Delhi Township
East Cleveland
238
=§
om Ba
orgwreocgcdw cc |
BESSBSRESSERRBSSSSESYSS
S33ga2
stsssuscs
eocreaorew ary
oo
’
Port Chester............
Poughkeepsie... ........
Poughkeepsie Town. ---
_
-_
ae
BSzuse
Smee eee
Perth Amboy
Piscataway Township-.
Plainfield
w
Sandusky - - ...........-
Shaker Heights
South Euclid
wmaoowsSnaod
4
2
12
7
6
15
3
36
- >
nent ao
NORTH CAROLINA
Asheville
Burlington..............
Charlotte
_
or ow
Wayne Township
Westfield
e8eseesisEseas
Willingboro Township...
Woodbridge Township. OKLAHOMA
NEW ME ‘ICO Bartlesville___..........
High Point Dl CRP. 55. c000.0c.---
Kannapolis
o-~»S8S8
28ers
7
weber
eigegssene
Sees8ex
teBae
Beavercreek Township.
Brook Park
Canton
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Cleveland Heights... --_-
Columbus
PENNSYLVANIA
Garden City
Glen Cove Abington Township. --.
Set8ex nek
—_—— ooo mS me tl
Baldwin Borough - - . __-
Bethel Park... ........
439-758 O - 71 - 12
Table 57.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Employees, December 31, 1970, Cities 25,000 and over in Population—Con.
City by State
PENNSYLVANIA—
Bristol Township
Cheltenham Township -
Lower Merion
Occ sons cne
Lower Paxton
Shaler Township
Springfield Township-_-
East Providence
Middletown
Number of Police
department employees
Total | Police =
-—
-_
ww
seeaiekzess
_
oe
oO
_
oe
oo
Bow
28ex vesere
Law w 8
5
2
4
SSRNVBRE
8
a3
SOUTH DAKOTA—
|| San Angelo
City by State
Con.
Sioux Falls
TENNESSEE
ee We. 6 5-25-55
TEXAS
Farmers Branch
Fort Worth
Rin a wccsicecwon
San Antonio
Number of Police
department employees
Total | Police | Civil-
officers
sB8iseast
ians
Number of Police
department employees
Total | Police | Civil-
officers | ians
City by State
VERMONT
288eerszess
8
F
Green Bay
Janesville
Kenosha
asaeexse
si2&
N
ee8s
Table 58.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Employees, December 31, 1970, Cities with Population under 25,000
Total
City by State police em- City by State City by State
ployees
ALABAMA CALIFORNIA—Con. CALIFORNIA—Con.
e@e@wnevoeqowue 7 7°"
—
SLSSRwo Ke Fwo SPoSaKweanstacaksteeEse
3 &
ARKANSAS
-onw @
—
Arkadelphia
ME cS scacscscaccee
Bentonville
FRaw
Yreka City
Yuba City
6
8
28
21
28
28
30
28
8
7
48
25
18
2
46
4
6
5
8
8
21
20
79
20
5
28
21
21
13
8
Table 58.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Employees, December 31, 1970, Cities with Population under 25,000—Con.
ni ea a gs eae I Se
Total Total Total T
City by State police em- City by State police em- City by State police em- City by State dies:
Ployees ployees
Ployees ployees
COLORADO DELAWARE FLORIDA—Con.
Temple Terrace
Cherry Hills. Treasure Island... __.
Colorado State Uni-
Apalachicola
SN to eee caacee as i
Auburndale
Winter Garden.__.._.__..
Winter Haven
Winter Park
Zephyrhills.
GEORGIA
Elberton............
Fort Valley
Gainesville
Florida City.
Frostproof... __---- cede
Hallandale_.....__._-
7
37
25
1
8
12
4
8
9
20
2
11
22
Lake City
| ee
Lake Worth
Lafayette
La Grange... -..
Lawrenceville
Manchester.
Milledgeville
Montezuma
3S
BSESNUSLBSSeaNrtBRISRSBSRuLeSESABES a
~
o
Lighthouse Point... -_-.-_--
Maitland
BRE
SSB
&
Mount Dora.............-
Neptune Beach... _._.__.
New Port Richey_-..____-
North Palm Beach
Oakland Park
— =
ocoaaan
Chicago Ridge
Clarendon Hills
v&
Palm Beach Gardens. ----
Pinellas Park
| Plantation
Quincy
Safety Harbor
|| Saint Augustine _-
|| Saint Cloud_............-|
I Saint Petersburg Beach...
ce se |
|| Sebring...._._._.
\ South Miami-
|| South Pasadena
| Starke..........
nw
_—
Sprague Town.-
Stafford Springs
Stonington
Waterford |
ORD Sec asie staked
BAA SIRE eee ae
Went... ......-
Wolcott
Woodbridge. -........... :
BBRa
Craters of the Moon
Emmett
Grangeville
|| Jerome
SSSRSSRSwo r RSRERARBSSRe BSEA
Bo BRERSBaARE
ocorn
_
ng ig en et ee es es es es es esses es esses esses se esse Ge et ees ees ed ee ee et et et ee OO OO A A OO OO OO &
Table 58.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Employees, December 31, 1970, Cities with Population under 25,000—Con.
City by State City by State City by State
ILLINOIS—Con. INDIANA—Con.
~
co BSR ane ibwe
ERSBao
we ow
RES ,-SREBRABRwewcaaes Sus aS S58
88
—
no
iiss ticacticesse
Lincoln Boyhood
New Whiteland
North Manchester_... _._.
North Vernon
Maple Park
Marquette Heights West Dundec.............
Western Springs
Westmont
20
35
25
9
38
4
12
10
4
10
24
29
18
9
18
21
2
8
5
7
32
18
58
10
8
4
5
10
ll
3
25
2
Murphysboro
Naperville
New Lenox
wo
ee, i a et i
aco wr
~
Northern Illinois
University
Northfield
-
w
mok®hwobeaadsd
oBmarawSawnSowBuwreSd eB
38
we
8
Table 58.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Employees, Dece:nber 31, 1970, Cities with Population under 25,000—Con.
City by State
KANSAS—Con.
Osage City
Osawatomie
Total
police em-
Ployees
-_
Lo oon
—_
SanswwwnransnSiaon
~ —
ad
-@
a oe
enwnorw
orrenwwoovnwrns
oo
City by State
KENTUCK Y—Con.
Eddyville. _-....-- peenintlinn
Edmonton
Total
police em-
ployees
—
Nn@roereamwwrt wa
Beare S
—
—
Neeoevrak aanr nN Oo
—
wnNoennN ON OS
nw
a
-
~
aeBeowotawrauamaawnaerst ewe
City by State
KENTUCKY—Con.
Mount Washington
Muldraugh
New Castle
Nicholasville
Olive Hill
Owingsville
Paintsville
Pewee Valley
Pikeville
Pineville
Richmond
Russell Springs
Russellville
Saint Matthews
Scottsville
Shelbyville
| Shepherdsville.__
|| Shively
West Liberty
West Point
| Total
police em-
ployees
mee we BRR wm
—
cowowrtnwns
_
-
~-@womrwnn @©w
~_— — — —
Boarsrenakwownwwwaneans awed aw ktaatawosSaonu
Total
City by State police em-
Ployees
LOUISIANA—Con.
-_ —_
enrnowwrtreernnoeowouwnwreno
—_
~~
Table 58.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Employees, December 31, 1970, Cities with Population under 25,000—Con.
Total Total
City by State police em- City by State police em- City by State police City by State
Ployees ployees
MARYLAND—Con. MASSACHUSETTS— MICHIGAN—Con. MICHIGAN—Con.
—
oe
Se
ids cicnmcodkuniaa
Middleboro...............
University of Maryland. -
University Park
Westminster..............
oQOreorgar & & & ww
> a a a a Se SS TOTS Ul
—
MASSACHUSETTS
~~ Oo
eo
een eo are Sew aGSPRBSe Hw
5
7
4
3
7
5
ee
Snwnenrneenaere enn a Bow
Come Sewn waraoe Jaan
ed
one
—
-_
ee
-
East Bridgewater_.._____-
Easthampton............-
East Longmeadow........
-
enwenwnnn ese o
=
NE Se sad ce tcane
Gardner
Res SaaBan mmm on aedumnakroman
—
@eSrnwoewoan
—
Re ow
Williamstown... ..._._.
Ws oc nsscccccene
Winchester... ......-
Wrentham
_
ee a ee ol
=
- or tO
=
MICHIGAN
~—
ar
wow
Table 58.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Employees, December 31, 1970, Cities with Population under 25,000—Con.
City by State
MICHIGAN—Con.
Mount Morris
Muskegon Heights
Muskegon Township
Nashville
Negaunee
Newaygo
New Baltimore
Niles Township
North Branch
Northville
Northville Township_-
Norton Shores.
River Rouge-.........----
Riverview
Rogers City
Romulus Township
Roosevelt Park
Royal Oak Township
Saint Charles
Saint Johns.
Saint Joseph............--
_
i)
oa Boman nno &
os
aw
manawa ew
N
on
_
won oo
ZEREmewweanoSaw
—
aran »
»p =
ome ee wwe Se RSW KR
~
noon
City by State
MICHIGAN—Con.
Waterford Township
Watervliet
White Pigeon__....-...__-
Williamston
Bemidji
Blue Earth
Deephaven
Detroit Lakes
Eagan Township
East Grand Forks
Hutchinson...............
International Falls
Inver Grove Heights
I cists a ateeknecadl
Lake City
Lauderdale
Little Falls
Mendota Heights...___--.
Montevideo
Total
police em-
Ployees
—
City by State
MINNESOTA—Con.
Northfield
North Mankato
North Saint Paul.---...--
Park Rapids.
sss eek sceten
Plymouth
Sauk Rapids
Pe Go aiincnncscuierns
Spring Valley_..........-
Stiiwater..........-..-
Bay Saint Louis.
Booneville
Brookhaven
Cleveland
IIE £5 cc ciecanancnth
MISSOURI
Ballwin
Bellefontaine Neighbors. -
Berkeley
Total
police em-
City by State
ployees
MISSOURI—Con.
Blue Springs
Boonville
Hanley Hills
Harrisonville
Hazelwood
North Kansas City-.-....
Olivette
Richmond Heights. -- - - .-
Riverview
Roek Hill
Saint Ann
Saint John Village. -_--_--
23
ll
6
22
3
7
8
46
30
5
16
6
9
24
5
16
v7
20
26
8
10
12
8
28
17
43
11
13
29
6
8
29
3
10
25
26
13
39
ll
4
&
6
14
7
15
12
24
13
8
enw er rere mM eaVoAowePE
>
aut as een en ma a AL eh et ee ae oo a 2 Oe Oe Oe oe Oe
Table 58.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Employees, December 31, 1970, Cities with Population under 25,000—Con.
Total Total Total
City by State police em- City by State police em- City by State police em-
plo; ployees ployees
MONTANA NEW HAMPSHIRE— NEW JERSEY—Con.
27
2 1 ll
5 2 23
4 16 2
9 4 1
1 6 2
5 15 32
6 16 10
2 1 13
5 4 17
1 12 23
5 10 || Hillside Township_----._- 68
1 23 12
9 22 || Holland Township 1
5 28 || Holmdel Township. 8
7 35 9
8 4 1
4 1
8 + 4
1 17 1
3 10 23
3 36 8
3 27 20
1 Atlantic Highlands. 27 14
6 Audubon Park 23 21
2 Edgewater................ 20 16
3 Edgewater Park Town- 9
7 2 5 17
8 1 5 +
6 ll 5 16 6
0 3 10 93 1
: 7 6 pr 8
6 8 || Bedminster Township-___. 4 ll 5
5 oS ff Wee... 3.5.2.2... 17 17
9 35 20 20 (Cumberland County) -.
4 13 3 9 || Lawrence Township
5 8 || Berkeley Heights 25 25 (Mercer County)
6 40 || Berkeley Township._____- 13 16 || Lebanon Township... ..-.
7 ll 7 1
0 30 16 6
t) 10 15 “4
‘ 20 9 19
0 Nebraska City 11 9 5
2 North Platte 35 18 4
8 5 18 8
g 31 || Boonton Township 5 23
7 8 || Bordentown. 9 4
3 14 20 1
1 5 17 8
3 10 45 13
9 14 23
6 2
8 26
9 24
3 8
0 13
5 15
6 12
3 Haddonfield 27 || Mantoloking......_.....--
9 Haddon Heights_..______- 18 || Mantua Township
1 Haddon Township 22
4 10 || Maple Shade Towuship..
f Hamilton Township... __- 5 || Maplewood Township-...
6 Hammonton.............. 22 Margate City-..........---
Chester Township Hanover Township... ___- 26
5 Cinnaminson Township __ Harding Township 7
2 Hardyston Township..._. 6
4 Harrington Park 8
3 ee 60
8 3
Table 58.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Employees, December 31, 1970, Cities with Population under 25,000—Con.
City by State
NEW JERSEY—Con.
Middle Township
Midland Park
Mine Hill Township
Monmouth Beach
Monroe Township-..-----
NOON. cent oe 52
Moorestown Township- --
Morris Plains.._.........-
Mount Laurel Township.
Mount Olive Township--
North Arlington
North Brunswick Town-
North Caldwell. ......._--
North Egg Harbor
Ocean Township, Mon-
mouth County - - - -----
Ocean Township, Ocean
Te
Pemberton Township. -.-
178
Total
police em-
Ployees
1
19
5
9
27
21
13
1
13
4
32
22
16
12
37
23
a
i~}
Se BSSERaoBake Bae
8
City by State
NEW JERSEY—Con.
Pennsville Township
Pequannock Township. --.
Raritan Township - - --- as
Readington Township.-.-.-
Roselle Park
Roxbury Township - - ---
Saddle Brook Township- -
Saddle River
Sea Isle City
Seaside Heights
Seaside Park
Ship Bottom
Shrewsbury - ---.---.--- =
Somers Point
Somerville
South Amboy
South Belmar
South Bound Brook. -_-_-
South Bruaswick Town-
South River
South Toms River
eh S ERP aoSEEER
Spring Lake Heights... -_-
City by State
NEW JERSEY—Con.
Stone Harbor - -...-.---.--
Stratford
Tewksbury Township - -.-
IR Sn oe ceo eeale
Washington Township,
Bergen County
Washington Township,
Gloucester County
Washington Township,
Morris County-..-..-----
Weehawken Township. --
Wenonah
West Caldwell
West Cape May
West Deptford Town-
West Long Branch. ------
West Milford Township...
West Wildwood
West Windsor Township.
City by State
NEW MEXICO—Con.
Silver City
State University
8 a
NEW YORK
~
nunoOr
~SeSBSeo
Se SESww VB Sow BeBe Bow wnaatonBeawt sa SESe Sarasa
Seow eae Se SRw aR sBSRo ne raBBES
BErwotawsSstSo
—
an @
Table 58.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Empioyees, December 31, 1970, Cities with Population under 25,000—Con
Total Total
City by State police em- City by Sate City by State police em- City by State
Ployees ployees
—_——-
NEW YORK—Con. NEW YORK—Con. NORTH CAROLINA—
Con.
oe
BBRBakaak
eh SBRABBSweEB eo Bw eatBSao
oma
saSSSETSERSRERBERBHSRSSRGas a
—
BRS wr BRreoWVRPBawBBFan usu HeoB
-
o
Wappingers Falls
So,
Ranaan
_
sn wow@
}
)
}
:
j
)
t
}
:
2
3
5
j
j
3
,
l
2
9
L
6
6
5
3
l
3
3
4
3
3
4
3
2
6
1
1
8
Beato RF RSSRBERRYOSESSANBRARESNSRRGaKe
ee oocnowmooarcn th
-—oae ©
Raacw BRaASBawD SSO
-~
—
oe
3
Table 58.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Employees, December 31, 1970, Cities with Population under 25,000—Con.
City by State City by State City by State City by State
OHIO—Con. OREGON—Con. PENNSYLVANIA—
=Raom
Butler Township
Caernarvon Township - -.
North Ridgeville
North Royalton
Milton-Freewater-_.....__-
CO
ae BSE oBSSSaBaBSeonen
BEroeae Brak Sa Bn ak
sitio Oooo
_
)
Newport.........-.
North Bend
_
nw
a
SENG
Sad
ae
ca
Sweet Home.-.............
SE SU iiicaientogecan
comRrantS eto d8
~ oO
eet eee eee ee ee ee
East Lansdowne- --...._.
East Norriton Township.
East Pennsboro Town-
17
18
30
8
5
18
21
8
11
6
19
7
16
4
6
9
25
2
6
East Stroudsburg - - ----.-
Easttown Township..--__
East Whiteland Town-
Beover Pa......<.....2..
Bedford
I ivicniton isickenect
Belle Vernon
Bellevue
Forest City
Forest Hills
eee
Boothwyn
| Boyertown
Wapakoneta
Warrensville Heights
Washington Court House.
—_ =
Reacoe bw Se Sai ewaen Sse Swe
|
} a a sbaccvncas~sae
SS eek: Gallitzin
Waverly
Wellington
-_
a
Brookhaven... ...........
180
City by State City by State City by State
PENNSYLVANIA— PENNSYLVANIA— PENNSYLVANIA—
Grove City
I areccvencinenad
PEER. causececnenccces
Northampton Township.
North Belle Vernon
North Braddock....._..--
Hopewell Township North Catasauqua._..._.-
Horsham Township. . -...
Upper Merion Township.
Upper Moreland
Upper Saucon Township.
Upper Southampton
eantos
Be Bw BeBeoa
—
Ba
SeBerakawnnwt
—_
SakmwowerSan
wo
«a
Liberty Boro
Ligonier
Littlestown
Lock Haven
Lower Allen Township. - -
Lower Burrell
Lower Makefield
enoeoBaaaee
bw
—
Senne Cr NNN SDS
Reserve Township.......-
Reynoldsville.............
Richland Township
Ridley Park
oo “
onmm w
Whitehall Township
Whitemarsh Township. --.
Whitpain Township... -..-
Wilkins Township-...-..-.
&
RBEwac
;
,
,
)
}
;
}
)
}
)
}
3
L
3
y
L
3
2
3
7
2
4
3
6
5
1
1
2
2
4
1
oe
BabatS&Swnsnadea
eomoroown rr
Lower Saucon Township.
Lower Southhampton.- - - -
Loyalhanna Township. - -
oo ©
—
Mahanoy City
rsa kc cesccescs
oo @
eBate
woreoewoanr
McCandless Township. -.
McConnellsburg...-..-...
—
South Greensburg
South Lebanon
seBoacenwokRnwkaswanaen Bnd
woe ob oo
BEBoeREDBBAB ae BBwAwWBeO SES
-— =
as
Springfield Township.
Spring Garden Township.
me
or @
Table 58.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Employees, December 31, 1970, Cities with Population under 25,000—Con.
Total
City by State police em- City by State City by State
polyees
TENNESSEE—Con. TEXAS—Con.
Signal Mountain
South Fulton
Pleasant Grove
Richfield
-
om rw +I
Waynesboro
Williamsburg
Winchester
—
acooann @
a fh Pm tet tet it he ol Or
—
oan
VERMONT
Bellows Falls
Brattleboro
Colchester
Essex Junction
Hartford
Middlebury
Montpelier
Nacogdoches. - -- -......--
North Richland Hills Randolph
Olmos Park | Saint Albans
Saint Johnsbury ----
<- nt et ae ae a a a ee a oe Ot Oc) be ot oe Ot Oe Oe Se
College Station
Colorado city_...........-
Big Stone Gap
Blacksburg
Bluefield
Raymondville
Richland Hills
Richmond
RBaocka
~
owooan
Christiansburg -___.___...
Clifton Forge
© —
arama
88
Stephenville
Sweetwater
roy
eSBaR ao SESE
— os oo wo —-
Yac
University of Texas,
San Antonio
= 8S&
_
w
Table 58.—Number of Full-Time Police Department Employees, December 31, 1970, Cities with Population under 25,000—Con.
City by State City by State City by State City by State
WEST VIRGINIA—Con. WISCONSIN—Con. WISCONSIN—Con. WISCONSIN—Con.
om
ay
Philippi
Point Pleasant
Ravenswood
-
aS eR OWRD
Chippewa Falls
Clintonville
21
18
41
s
6
6
5
34
17
6
3
5
4
17
10
16
13
lo
13
17
14
10
15
8
4
13
4
12
8
28
32
ll
5
Table 59.—Number of Full-Time Employees, December 31, 1970, Suburban Counties
Suburban county by Total em- Suburban county by Total em- Suburban county by Total em-
State State State
Suburban county by Total em-
ployees ployees ployees State
ployees
ALABAMA CALIFORNIA—Con. FLORIDA—Con.
ARKANSAS
MN 6 nbtancnnccdnnde
Tease hiabRBawese5
eS FeksS
-_
Brae
Saco
TE. in cscasidnien
% BeRRSE
Table 59.—Number of Full-Time Employees, December 31, 1970, Suburban Counties—Con.
Suburban county by Total em- Suburban county by Total em- Suburban county by Total em- Suburban county by Total em-
State ployees State ployees State ployees State Ployees
KANSAS NORTH CAROLINA—
SS ms
Sasa
Fayette
Henderson
Jefferson
S28
LOUISIANA NEVADA
Calcasieu_-_-___- papas bates om aida tainted)
East Baton Rouge
NEW JERSEY
o*iNeszee
PENNSYLVANIA
Allegheny
SOUTH CAROLINA
ges Suxxee8s
SOUTH DAKOTA
Minnehaha
TENNESSEE
Table 60.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population
Criminal homicide Larceny—theft
Man- Forcible | Robbery Auto theft
— rape Under
y $50
negligence
Cities over 250,000 in population
Akron, Ohio
Atlanta, Ga
38S
Baltimore, Md_...............-
Birmingham, Ala
Bu.8 Noeas
BE #f
Chicago, Ill
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cleveland, Ohio
_
S88 838
Columbus, Ohio.
Dallas, Tex 50, 391
Denver, Colo 37, 835
Detroit, Mich 127, 630
El Paso, Tex ‘ 9, 333
oo
SRRIB BES
$3 Gs
Fort Worth, Tex 15, 652
Honolulu, Hawaii 16, 056
eee ee 59, 883
Indianapolis, Ind 25, 277
Jacksonville, Fla 25, 223
=BGeweo
-
=
my
pS 7, 690
Kansas City, Mo 28, 995
Long Beach, Calif 15, 695
Los Angeles, Calif 175, 719
Louisville, Ky 19, 420
Se 88
=
a
‘
2
6
4
9
3
3
1
21, 614
23, 903
20, 188
Minneapolis, Minn.........._.. 23, 420
Nashville, Tenn 17, 703
—
S8ee8 x
—
ST BENG dinencdvendgevsace 31, 781
New Orleans, La 35, 371
New York, N.Y 517, 716
Norfolk, Va 13, 402
Oakland, Calif................- 28, 712
& 8
Oklahoma City, Okla 11, 386
Get, GR iisn cc ccetisss 11, 962
Philadelphia, Pa 45,734
er ee oe 29, 483
Pittsburgh, Pa 28, 396
Portland, Oreg 23, 275
Rochester, N.Y 12, 442
Sacramento, Calif 11, 708
Saint Louis, Mo 45,915
Saint Paul, Minn 15, 050
San Antonio, Tex 27, 221
San Diego, Calif. 23, 232
San Francisco, Calif 57, 136
San Jose, Calif 14, 492
Seattle, Wash 31, 176
88
13, 986
13, 407
E838 F8
>
-~
=
a
439-758 O- 71-13
Table 60.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population—Continued
Criminal homicide
Aggra
Man- Forcible reaking Auto theft
slaughter ra assaul Under
by - $50
negligence
Cities 100,000 to 260,000
in population
SI ii cn aceite and
RMINR EAD. os concen cee
Chattanooga, Tenn.
Colorado Springs, Colo
Columbus, Ga
Corpus Christi, Tex
Dayton, Ohio
EBEss
— a 7 nT TH Tp
2s
Grand Rapids, Mich
Greensboro, N.C_.........___-
=
BRBeEoRB NERS BRB
nN
SERBS FEREE RSIZz
2
arsocon
3
0
8
0
4
one SS
enon eS
ao
coor oa nog fo & oo tw
st
orn oO
Table 60.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population—Continved
Criminal homicide
Cities 100,000 to 250,000 in
population—Continued
Mobile, Ala.
Montgomery, Ala
New Bedford, Mass
New Haven, Conn
Newport News, Va_-_-
INNIS FE own co ccwndacccus
Peoria, Ill
Portsmouth, Va- ---
Providence, R.I. .....- silat ei
PRE; BRI odc oc ewes weccncecs
Richmond, Va.
Riverside, Calif
Rockford, Il
Saint Petersburg, Fla
Salt Lake City, Utah
San Bernardino, Canf
Santa Ana, Calif.
Savannah, Ga
Scranton, Pa
Shreveport, La
South Bend, Ind
Spokane, Wash
Springfield, Mass
Springfield, Mo
Stamford, Conn
OO, Win ics cs ocdcecess
Virginia Beach, Va
Warren, Mich
Waterbury, Conn
Winston-Salem, N.C
Worcester, Mass
Yonkers, N.Y
Youngstown, Ohio
Cities 50,000 to 100,000 in
population
Forcible
rape
Aggra-
vated
assault
B —
tenekig
or entering
Larceny—theft
Under
$50
Auto theft
8388 g8F83
8
&
S82SSIRE
Table 60.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population—Continved
Criminal homicide Larceny—theft
Forcible Robbery
$50 and Under
$50
Cities 50,000 to 100,000 in
population—Continued
3
»8Seer &
satee
Cheektowaga, N.Y
Cherry Hiil, NJ
238
co
32
B2Sea S888E
~
~
of8SR 8s
rc)
cemeeen, Ceee.........5..<..-
Costa Mesa, Calif.............-
Council Bluffs, Iowa
fr
ERBESE SSSLS BSBSE SSRBS
»
BRSzse
od
Dearborn Heights, Mich
Decatur, Ill
Des Plaines, Ill.
Downey, Calif................-.
Dubuque, Iowa.
#ESER
~
-
ekeug 29988
188
Table 60.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population—Continved
Criminal homicide
Forcible Robbery
rape
Cities 50,600 to 100,600 in
population—Continued
URRE, Thirds cncecccsactesa
none ora
&
i
$s -
sB8ek8
—_
2
a
SEBe8
soe2x #88.
z
NN eS
=—
§ S988 RUNES E2888
eonon
=
otatea
r
Fayetteville, N.C_...........-
Florissant, Mo
Fort Smith, Ark
Buas ge8r
E835
ry
$882 Se88s BSS
2
On
ao
+
a8 BSS
BE S8882 &
_
=
oe
.
456
640
649
298
494
639
678
620
239
537
415
255
785
500
212
Beosk
—
=
Haverford Township, Pa
Hawthorne, Calif.
=
os
-
SERGE SEGEE SEE
Gh Peis, W0...........08.-
Holyoke, Mass.
Behe SESES SebRR BEIGE BERBLS ESSES Fe
_
-
Huntington, W. Va.
Inglewood, Calif__.............
Irondequoit, N.Y_..........---
~
5
QS
r
gz
=
.
BuE BRESEE #2888 2582
o e
BES Slabs B
—
=
Table 60.—Number of Offenszs Known to the Police, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population—Continued
Criminal homicide Larceny—theft
Aggra- | Burglary—
Murder Man- Forcible vated breaking Auto theft
and non- | slaughter rape assault jorentering| $50 and Under
negligent by $50
man- negligence
slaughter
Cities 50,000 to 100,008 in
population—Continued
BEEBE
yaa ZBRER
—
EEZEE
Lower Merion Township, Pa--
Lynchburg, Va
n
>
>
=
—
2S
E2e8s 8
&&
SRESE JIE
=
Mount Vernon, N.Y
Muncie, Ind
BIE, DUE ob oda nnn cuees
New Britain, Conn
New Rochelle, N.Y
—
393
454
229
372
429
633
7%
134
357
627
ee
8 BEERS
North Little Rock, Ark
Norwalk, Conn---_...........-
S285
SS88E S388
ne
-
Parsippany-Troy Hills, N.J-_-
oo | ee
2
&
gas
190
Table 60.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population—Continued
Larceny—theft
Murd Man- -| Forcible | Robbe a
urder orcible
and non- ™ or entering | $50 and Under
negligent $50
man-
slaughter
Auto theft
Cities 50,000 to 100,000 in
population—Continued
sis
s
Incomple'
Redondo Beach, Calif... - oa
Redwood City, Calif
a388
Sa S8Ese
3SuwSa
—
Saginaw, Mich............-.-.-
Saint Clair Shores, Mich... ----
Saint Joseph, Mo
Ga Sila becccucccsunss
2eue8 86-85
45
vi)
81
21
48
21
37
San Angelo, Tex
San Leandro, Calif
San Mateo, Calif._............-
Santa Barbara, Calif. ----_-
$83
2eekes
Santa Monica, Calif.........._-
Santa Rosa, Calif.
Schenectady, N.Y-_-..........--
ssess
SEE BB
s
Sioux Falls, S. Dak
Skokie, Ill
Somerville, Mass
Southfield, Mich
South Gate, Calif
gee
r
eeUIRS SHSsee BSF
#88 AJB £8
sad
s
&
Springfield, Ill
Springfield, Ohio
Sterling Heights, Mich----____-
Sunnyvale, Calif
Tallahassee, Fla
2
as
@expe seses exet® esuBear 28as8
8 &
2
Seannt BASS
4
S8F8s
Union City, NJ...
Union Township, N.J
Upper Darby Township, Pa__-
RESSSE SSTBS
cere kS
Table 60.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population—Continued
Criminal homicide Larceny—theft
ee er] Aggra- Ca
Murder Man- Forcible vated Auto theft
and non- | slaughter Tape assault Under
negligent ion $50
man- neg ce
slaughter
Cities 50,000 to 100,000 in
population—Continued
West Covina, Calif
West Hartford, Conn
West Haven, Conn
EEE
8S58en ES
3288
Whittier, Calif.................
Wichita Falls, Tex
Wilkes-Barre, Pa
Wilmington, Del......-........
Woodbridge Township, N.J....
€ g2888 S288
388
~
=
o
8
4
BSFxk sERSE
8 BesRR
8888
—
ay
Anchorage, Alaska......_...___
SN, Ota occ teoad
Rees
28 #€8e8 3888
E
BESS 828
SSB
5
B28 88s
a8aes 83
2288
5
a
~
Ns
$efe8 &
Ee
RBeSee se8S8
283
oat fe tt Oak Oot wt oe oe oe oe ed Bo ob
ily eit aaa aii
S3aZ8ae8
SReB
251
234
179
338
385
=
ss
oe
=
ese
BeS8sek wsBS8
Table 60.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population—Continued
Cities 25,000 to 50,000 in
population—Continued
Bartlesville, Okla.
Battle Creek, Mich
Bay City, Mich
Baytown, Tex
Beavercreek Township, Ohio--
Beloit, Wis
Bensalem Township, Pa.
Beverly, Mass
Beverly Hills, Calif.........._.
Bloomfield Township, Mich - - -
Bloomington, Il
Bloomington, Ind
Boca Raton, Fia.............--
Deteler Olly, TA............-.-
Bountiful, Utah
Bowling Green, Ky
Braintree, Mass ...........---
Bremerton, Wash
Bridgewater Township, N.J-_-
Brooklyn Park, Minn
Brook Park, Ohio.
Bryan, Texas.
Burlingame, Calif
Burlington, Iowa
Burlington, N.C...........----
Burlington, Vt.
Calumet City, Tl
Cape Girardeau, Mo
Casper, Wyo.
Cedar Falls, Iowa
Chapel Hill, N.C_..........---
Cheltenham Township, Pa--.--
Cheyenne, Wyo
Chicago Heights, Ill
Clarksville, Tenn
Clinton, Iowa
See footnote at end of table.
Forcible
rape
Robbery
Incomplete
3&8
S3882 RFI8e
EBS SES
£8
BREE
8 @
=
Auto theft
a8
se888 Szése
Table 60.—Number of Offenses Known to the Poiice, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population—Continued
Criminal homicide
Murder Man- Forcible
and non- | slaughter
negligent by
man-
slaughter
population—Continued
eSESS
Coon Rapids, Minn
Coral Gables, Fla
Corona, Calif
RSRBR
Culver City, Calif.
Cumberland, Md
Cumberland, R.I..........----
oo oo Re
Danville, Il
Danville, Va.
Daytona Beach, Fla
Decatur, Ala
Dedham, Mass- --. --.....--
a
—
o
Incomplete
pz |
2
SE fe 88
Downers Grove, ill
East Brunswick Township,
Dee ecteesebadckaciictanne
East Chicago, Ind
East Cleveland, Ohio
East Detroit, Mich
a
os
8
“eB.
o oa
Su88
23
oa
—s
East Haven Town, Conn... ._-
East Lansing, Mich...........-
East Providence, R.I_......._-.
o8Ske
SBRBEe
IE ask wn mniewentionl
S388
38s
eh SERER SESHE HERR BE
Table 60.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population—Continued
Criminal homicide
Aggra- | Burglary—
Forcible | Robbery vated breaking
rape assault | or entering
Cities 25,000 to 50,000 in
population—Continued
Ewing Township, N.J....-.---
Fairborn, Ohio
Fairfield, Calif............-----
=
8 88 88
Falls Township, Pa
Farmers Branch, Tex......-.---
$2 88 S&F
argc
Fayetteville, Ark
PORMRGg BGs se cnccncconssccce
SSR RE
Babs
Sexe akue
DU Bt ictiiniscnendscences
8 8888 Fees
Fond du Lac, Wis.
Fort Collins, Colo
Fort Dodge, Iowa. - - .....----
ete Bah, Wil aecascvcwesidivne
Fort Myers, Fla
- &$Enw GS ee)
Se
a
338
2
bw
8 es
=
Lae 4
_
1
&
SSk88 88
Fridley, Minn.
Galesburg, Ill
Gardena, Calif
Garden City, Mich
Garden City, N.Y
58
Garfield, N.J.
Garfield Heights, Ohio
GOTO, TE in cincsccundocnss
Genesee Township, Mich
Glen Cove, N.Y
Glendale, Ariz
Glendora, Calif_..............-
SSBF EASS SF BS SS
Goldsboro, N.C
Grand Forks, N. Dak
Grand Island, Nebr.
Granite City, Ill
Greeley, Colo
Table 60.—Number of Offenses Known fo the Police, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population—Continued
Criminal homicide Larceny—theft
| Aggra- | Burglary—
Murder Man- Forcible Robbery vated breaking Auto theft
and non- | slaughter rape assault j|orentering| $50 and Under
negligent by over $50
man- negligence
slaughter
Cities 25,000 to 50,000 in
population—Continued
Hamtramck, Mich
Harlingen, Tex
Harvey, Til
Hattiesburg, Miss.
Haverhill, Mass
oa
Rei
52
SE8e—0 HERES
-
3
Hobbs, N. Mex
he ee een
Oe er
Hot Springs, Ark
Houma, La
ESG£
EeSxs 2228
om
2
Hutchinson, Kans
Idaho Falls, Idaho
Inkster, Mich
BSS §
& 3
3
3
=
ex Ba
e8f88
88838
Janesville, Wis
Jefferson, City, Mo
Johnson City, Tenn
Johnstown, Pa
Jonesboro, Ark
N
ee 828
88s
~~
S
Joplin, Mo.
Kankakee, Ill
Kannapolis, N.C
Ay es eee
Kent, Ohio
nN
gES
88882 <B883
—
as
88s
Kirkwood, Mo.
Kokomo, Ind.
Lackawanna, N.Y-~-......_.__-
Lafayette, Ind
8288S BSEEE
Se eeeen, Comet... ............-
Lancaster, Ohio.
S385
83532
Table 60.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population—Continued
Criminal homicide Larceny—theft
Aggra- | Burglary—
Man- Forcible vated breaking Auto theft
—— assault j|orentering| $50 and Unter
Cities 25,000 to 50,000 in
population—Continued
Lewiston, Idaho.
Lewiston, Maine
Lexington, Mass
Linden, N.J
Littleton, Colo.
S2e%38
Livermore, Calif...............
Livingston, N.J..............-
SB BSSn2koa
SFen8
- oOo
_
5
4
Incomplete
Long Branch, N.J_...........-
Longview, Tex
& $3
8 &8
Lower Paxton Township, Pa--
Lynwood, Calif
Madison Heights, Mich
Madison Township, N.J
SAISLR BMSBSRY BRISA
a
6 882c8 88 BE BSEeB PLABs
Manchester Township, Conn...
On
=
o
28s 338
88
s
Maple Heights, Ohio
Maplewood, Minn
Marietta, Ga.
Marion, Ind
Marion, Ohio
7
81
06
62
40
63
30
McKeesport, Pa
Medford, Oreg
Melbourne, Fla
8S &
oes
BERSR SSRES BESS FISZE
Menlo Park, Calif.
Menomonee Falls, Wis
Mentor, Ohio.
SBa;
SueamBa
Methuen, Mass.
Michigan City, Ind
Middistown, Conn
Middletown, R.I..........-.---
Middletown, Ohio.
Bess
-_
-
Middletown Township, Pa--.-
Midwest City, Okla
Millcreek Township, Pa
Milpitas, Calif.................
SB8S83 RBEse
828838
Table 60.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and over in Population—Continued
Criminal homicide
Murder Man-
and non- | slaughter
negligent
Cities 26,000 to 60,000 in
population—Continued
_ ee
Montebello, Calif.
Monterey, Calif-.........-....
Monterey Park, Calif........_-
Moorhead, Minn.
Morgantown, W. Va
Morton Grove, Ill
Mount Lebanon Township, Pa.
Mount Prospect, Ill
Muskegon, Mich
Muskogee, Okla
Napa, Calif
Natick, Mass
Neptune Township, N.J_--...
New Albany, Ind
Newark, Calif
Newark, Ohio
New Berlin, Wis
New Brunswick, N.J___...._.-
Newburgh, N.Y
New Castle, Pa
Northampton, Mass
North Bergen Township, N.J_
Northbrook, Il
North Chicago, Tl
North Huntingdon, Town-
North Kingstown, R.I__..._..
North Las Vegas, Nev
North Miami, Fla
North Miami Beach, Fla
North Olmsted, Ohio
North Tonawanda, N.Y_.....-
Norwich, Conn_.
Forcible
Agera- | Burglary—
Robbery vated breaking
assault | or entering
SE8ES aft
ERE
a
gs
Ses
S82RRB
BEEBa
z=
Zw Baw
RSeuxn
Beste &
—
S2eagn
SBeuf Bas as
arass
Table 60.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and over in Population—Continued
Criminal homicide Larceny—theft
Murder Man- Forcible Robbery breaking Auto theft
and non- | slaughter rape $50 and Under
negligent by over $50
man- negligence
slaughter
Cities 25,000 to 50,000 in
population—Continued
Oak Ridge, Tenn.............-
ee
es88e
Ottumwa, Iowa. -.............-
Pacifica, Calif. ...............-
Seaeg8 Es
Beases
$s8B sess
Perth Amboy, N.J
Petersburg, Va
2888s 8858
g
SBESE BRSa
i es
—
&
Phenix City, Als.
Piscataway Township, N.J_..-
PRNEE, TE Daeecccnnernccas-
Pocatello, Idaho.
Pompano Beach, Fla
Sees
S888
Ponca City, Okla.
Portage, Mich
Port Chester, N.Y
Port Huron, Mich
Portsmouth, N.H
eet BS8Ea
=
88388 BRIR3
s
s#BZo
ERSE
BoSks
BEBEE
2s
-~-
&
Portsmouth, Ohio
Pottstown, Pa.
Poughkeepsie, N.Y
oak BB BSBSaw
Bes
Incomplete
40
8
57
5
S SRB
Bees
Raytown, Mo
Redlands, Calif.
Renton, Wash
road»
BSRZE
BE ees.
Richfield, Minn.
Richland, Wash
weeGRS B8B2e
wiees 88883
wot
—_
o 88
Ridley Township, Pa
BE Hy Disk ecccccencsme
Ross Township, Pa.........._.
N38e8 88IEE
Se Bw
5nees.as
BS8uk
8
Table 60.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and over in Population—Continued
City
Cities 25,000 to 50,000 in
population—Continued
Rockville Centre, N.Y_______-
Rocky Mount, N.C.......____-
Roseville, Minn...
Roswell, N. Mex
Saginaw Township, Mich
Saint Charles, Mo
Saint Cloud, Minn____.._.___-
Saint Louis Park, Minn
San Bruno, Calif
San Carlos, Calif
8 andusky, Ohio
San Gabriel, Calif......._.___-
San Luis Obispo, Calif
San Rafael, Calif..........___-
Santa Cruz, Calif
Santa Fe, N. Mex
Shaker Heights, Ohio._-_ ___..
Shaler Township, Pa
Shawnee, Okla_.._.___.______-
Sheboygan, Wis
Shelby Township, Mich
Shelton, Conn_..._.........._-
Sherman, Texas....._......_.-
South Euclid, Ohio
Southgate, Mich
Southington Town, Conn
South Saint Paul, Minn_-_..._-
South San Francisco, Calif-__-
Spartanburg, 8.C_._........--
Springfield, Oreg_...........--
Springfield Township, Pa-_._-
State College, Pa_..........__-
Steubenville, Ohio
Stillwater, Okla
Stratford, Conn
SS BUDD ieineccs cosamons
co een
Teaneck Township, N.J_._-..-
SR es ion ccknccano ds
| ee ee
Texas City, Tex
| 4, eee
Torrington, Conn...__........
Troy, Mich.....-. each ee ttehiac hen
Trumbull, Conn
200
Total
Crime
Index
818
571
525
1, 988
1, 561
1,349
1,119
1,649
591
1, 551
2, 170
831
771
1, 039
1,471
Criminal homicide
Aggra- | Burglary—
Murder Man- Forcible Robbery vated breaking
and non- | slaughter rape assault | or entering
negligent by
man- negligence
slaughter
S Netgah ra Skil nna octanier sant aap meton ees 14 3 217
3 4 6 14 101 341
8 Pr iiiecchaeasal 16 141 273
pie itipegaee ini cinegnsaaenosccup caine {ae 160
ES ecvedivetke cele naan 8 20 277
etic cle agile cle tvaeemalieeie 2 4 134
niele age tel canncpamg cee a iniapagiees 3 3 123
isn Sainatap ioe acibia saints 1 6 17 123
Femabnantedpinspnepigeruelanidameniselee § 4 242
Sientaab pipe taeniey 1 4 17 7 265
pusndiipenee 2 4 18 27 519
Bian 2 ll 10 243
2 3 7 18 14 414
ecakgath aan scd oe kabebaee 2 14 9 295
A tiiidaaceven 3 18 31 244
3 4 1 37 16 281
DR vivnpeatsis 2 10 14 180
2 1 9 30 31 605
ies teaerde 10 50 83 589
3 2 4 23 29 542
jy ee ee 9 23 71 492
D Gavcnivanpeee 16 55 102 754
pividiiumamnsiesiieksstelvasksiugodas 22 2 320
basacbeaeone WF Unientnhctooweee ll 4 129
i dieonade 6 55 41 531
4 1 8 25 231 355
1 1 3 56 46 284
Pu cnep pes BD ibvivcstensdis W Sacecchenaces 141
D Bisctchees ae 1 5 72 187
pbedenetaee 2 1 7 7 192
1 1 6 12 28 218
Saeciehge telhksesatenietusaxshapesas 3 17 197
BD lnvesnnneccan 2 9 85
Fcecctepsiinapaats tava issn siasingeir scl 1 7 1 65
WF Foisacecatcas 40 49 322
pearueesae 1 2 14 16 228
ha ahigia ela neh tdenge bilo wale nip pioes 4 3 90
Riese 4 23 13 576
8 3 20 61 235 756
Ss bida paw ciaebueusuaie 6 15 44 419
eh ln cle tears ei 2 9 16 87
cimacktagio tile ocx naive aia Biv cicswncsnae 28 165
Sndaiehap nn snhsabagkbar 4 21 16 323
So ie eda lan eae Gili eaeeiten 4 6 171
1 2 1 18 36 399
in carer nee oi ppc 3 10 50 250
Siesisesalvaagitachant 7 3 16 31 796
pinnpeetiantoss<aSempeaie 2 54 23 426
1 2 8 26 42 285
3 1 10 3 79 327
Oh vcccdnnsnce 6 24 83 2A
PD Ren bkbs ea nen binnbeaenene 19 63 474
or apse aia 1 1 3 7 151
BE Lisesctieenen 26 17 524
tains dharehin dis Laat tabs aeeacie hen Mabe bwaiedl 3 21 210
Larceny—theft
$50 and Under
over $50
303 235
353 433
367 290
464 491
517 482
183 191
175 218
177 2A
456 1, 388
711 854
257 405
305 1,075
192 569
412 380
216 881
300 400
236 131
1,073 976
619 918
555 458
441 512
588 1, 203
325 199
306 159
253 326
250 425
334 549
73 166
158 213
309 1,079
202 217
109 155
135 151
54 194
715 637
288 231
218 200
688 670
874 935
277 931
207 354
217 435
340 442
200 326
595 402
238 818
267 447
336 454
343 420
475 271
302 582
411 484
154 160
712 1, 030
137 354
Auto theft
142
91
117
-_— a
BS8e5
Be
26 B2uxsase seese ee
af
—
S85
_
~
Ssast
wwevne - evs on Oo eoerurf - onan mw
~- Ww
~
en eo wane oo ewer oS vw eon ™N vr eoro oe
Table 60.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Cities and Towns 25,000 and over in Population—Continued
Criminal homicide
City Forcible | Robbery
Cities 25,000 to 50,000 in
population—Continued
University City, Mo...........1 1,627/) | = 8|............ lll
oe, See a 6|l CC See 13
Cone See OMe) Cl ( 2
be | a ee 31
Wes Wi ctatiibinicueneck 17
i ctnddidinesied | WAM Sees Ba 8d 16
ee 4
DC cckeeeen | CE) ee Lee Be ae
NEE okstckiinaek | Geb St... pet
WY Wann t cacnctecccunes 4
I baiéenssthaseset ° OOM Bg 4
WEE DE nbosnncgesnnns 3
Wy Goo ca datniinsocnces 4
WE ME csiwcudecascel . | MEM. f 7
WO cacnccceccens 20209 «-- 0 vinci nncne t
OMe =| ORM 14
Warminster Township, Pa...... § 680 /|_......__. 7
PO eiedececccs | dR ee 5 Oe 7
I iciieencase: | | WE | Shoe) ee 15
PONT! | hlU(“‘ me h|.!U!!!CUB EU 1
WR deastcccteies , im ~ &< $b 6
PE enencasagcsiices | MR te 8 Be 1
Wayne Township, N.J......... 17
Webster Groves, Mo... ........ 16
NEES We Wi wncenccedexttes 8
Wellesley, Mags_............... 2
West Bloomfield Township,
CR ee es 4
Westfield, Mass................ 5
Westfield, N.J................. 4
West Memphis, Ark. _...__.._. 27
West Mifflin, Pa............... 8
MUTE OR oe | I Be 5
West Orange, N.J.-........... 10
Westport, Conn............._.- 6
West Seneca, N.Y............- 14
West Springfield, Mass._....._. 19
Wethersfield, Conn._.......... ll
ee 2
Wheeling, W. Va............._. 39
Whitehall, Ohio................ 25
Wilkinsburg, Pa_..........___. 100
Williamsport, Pa. ..........__- 11
Willingboro Township, N.J_.__ i0
WOES Saino cndscnecs 7
Wilmington, N.C.............. 152
i 7
Winona, Minf................- 5
cach | Sess oketiic ce 8
vii) 6 = EC NCE Lt 5
Wyandotte, Mich............_- 24
MI ei case aay 19
Yakima, Wash................. 100
Ypsilanti, Mich..........._.... 83
I BI asin cnccnecane 63
NT CE ccckicdamuk:.. - 1 ich ceeded ccc cd 23
vated
assault
ISZ8—FB8B SSSsss
10
om
28
B —
iurelary
or entering
14
Larceny—theft
Auto theft
$50 and Under
over $50
327 973 310
340 734 88
195 1,24 16
197 al 55
318 355 72
351 506 81
157 263 35
252 224 25
149 146 56
161 590 50
53 225 2
446 468 202
339 1,320 133
220 135 61
27 327 92
664 872 129
258 185 72
210 175 43
320 1280 156
263 428 36
206 506 46
138 742 43
hs 581 210
172 382 2%
89 150 69
219 144 69
229 203 43
292 208 97
108 334 42
206 480 43
97 72 110
191 4 310
239 188 93
531 425 119
368 455 112
519 230 327
145 167 49
112 366 30
454 407 76
333 582 131
206 243 235
350 692 52
79 7 72
158 961 32
812 1, 088 163
349 703 109
269 418 59
174 52 149
217 61 313
523 1,06 131
267 621 67
1,315 2, 957 210
337 1, 066 1%
646 929 172
256 378 100
Table 61.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Suburban Counties
Criminal homicide Larceny—theft
Total Agera- | Burglary—
County by State Crime Murder Man- Forcible Robbery vated breaking
Index and non- | slaughter rape assault or $50 and
negligent b
man
slaughter
y over Under $50
negligence
ALABAMA
se&eene
|
Santa Barbara... -............-
Santa Clara
SBSBRBwAAKSSSSIS
BEB. . 858
228
a
8
2&
DELAWARE
New Castle
Table 61.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Suburban Counties—Continued
Criminal homicide Larency—theft
Total Sac A enone
County by State Crime Murder Man- Forcible Robbery
Index and non- | slaughter assaul $50 and
negligent over Under $50
man-
slaughter
FLORIDA—Con.
PMD. a dscbiacacdccanecsie we
ges
BE8
7
6
3
3
8 4
9 27
6 yi)
3 2
6 22
5 a
6
{1
-_
eRBeaw Gea
2888888
eFNIBDwaaaa:
ean coc ®@
§»
SSf28S3e3
sec&.8.e8-2
8
=
~
& 8
—
on So
s
es~SS8scsn.
B
Table 61.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Suburban Counties—Continued
County by State Man- Forcible Robbery
hte! rape
Sr
EESSRBE8
asaeBizss
$888SSe
Eg8fs
2282385
=
&
=
2S
8&
1
5
23
8
7
6
9
3
12
8
30
2
o
SecsS8earaeseser
338
S88sr8s88
ERBERE
~
_
2
S8etGeed
SSRRBES LL
Table 61.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Suburban Counties—Continued
County by State
BBaas’
SESEEuSB
9 15
4 2
4 4
1 7
9 4
ll 6
6 12
43 97
:
ge
Se
SoG. RESWE
Soaurys Be Sw
B-6-8Sa888 SB
a
oo
—
-
>
ont t8B-8a2
2S
ee8eru.es8223x
s
se8exuu.eo8888 288
Table 61.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Suburban Counties—Continued
County by State
pth picininsiscnaaknobhe
PENNSYLVANIA
Allegheny
206
Criminal homicide
Total
Crime Murder Man- Forcible
Index and non- | slaughter rape
negligent fee
man- n
slaughter —
2, 386 13 2 14
566 Dis care 1
733 2 1 6
958 OB tinsctantacaeee 5
2, 650 13 12 23
DEE As sinh enckabetinediaaatelnswavesabeun
264 D scanidannatee 12
273 Glesecndecdens 5
843 7 1 3
125 Dee oe a) 1
Sp Botccteonnen 3 3
222 | ae ee 6
es eRe Fa ae 13
664 Dit tehecasde 2
300 1 B isnadcdcouees
2, 424 © Bcc coieael 30
700 D Riccbsdsadehsibsnnetatbeas
ee 0 atk Ea ll
2, 463 2 21 18
405 2 2 9
449 2 1 1
582 3 5 7
569 1 16 2
779 1 2 4 |
DE Bis cconnimenee 10 10
581 B Rcsreolinsbie 3
583 1 ~ 4
2,121 10 7 9
818 hi cquse tna 18
269 Wt Rciniinnininiiccntndsded
122 DB accdbentiohelesd. cattbiins
802 D Eicicoemkete 6
1, 805 4 3 12
2, 234 2 2 22
531 Wt cicamieoceslvoncitnanche
OO Re ea ate
SN Mins chdntontgits ne ing 6 at didnt 4
I ee i a a
a I a 1
265 1 3 6
66 Te Ricca cdhsaicwcses 3
215 I Riccio 4
105 2 1 14
916 Pt. eneciauen 4
2,119 1 8 18
1, 678 a 9 9
1, 141 3 6 10
6, 648 2 3 43
188 Di ccdaeen 7
2, 102 iti deecsd ste 10
630 Bikscumanenden 2
Robbery
Agegra-
vated
Burglary—
112
10
193
126
63
81
149
10
43
24
17
49
73
ll
875
311
421
1, 359
112
131
452
1,127
i)
a
o
75
81
107
13
124
25
1, 081
873
575
3, 011
1,110
126
Larceny—theft
Auto
theft
Under $50
1, 229 1, 263
202 84
205 233
289 205
861 553
241 129
44 33
40 16
283 56
51 50
484 702
77 35
332 365
190 183
107 70
1, 054 927
335 123
116 123
1,046 1, 458
75 31
39 46
125 162
116 76
238 173
212 93
196 154
202 142
593 1, 455
280 204
70 42
34 74
277 233
760 1, 235
734 665
lll 187
65 60
139 104
57 15
49 24
85 90
ll
63 10
19
258 142
809 473
650 841
422 504
2, 280 3, 063
59
714 618
B hiccocaitttte
Exugses
Seok
ees
Bak
472
S2aeoeanmnowc tS
aes
Bok
Table 61.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Suburban Counties—Continued
Crtminal homicide
County by State
a fa | | ee ee ee
Minnehaha.........-..--..----
TENNESSEE
BRB NTIR cco citinccceccccnaitin
pO ee ee
Tac ccitucgiiipencentcancion
GG ns ecnthiiancesscccenaine
TEXAS
BR ccetidicecactncideecesen,” - =. PE,” BR edtcecneecdeecenieteuues 1 1 a 2 +
RUE cccccnsccsecccccccesctnew 35 47 119 927 991 909
BR ccsticddghewsenscoete = =— iw TEC Ct! BF Ientabutpecoliocccpdbagnceicaccatdesstdbatacdebahad 4 18 17
OUR 0.56 cndh cneonccncstves 9 4 67 74 53 71
a 4 5 7 198 146 40
latriensncesdiesenenunae 2 9 21 89 47 38
i skddetchidsictedadesyeea 2 8 9 233 309 192
El Paso...... canbloiadinasateen 4 6 2 154 14 72
nica tntigne Singicsiniesicnnes 17 19 51 131 85 2
Ginn cccccnccncccseensves 4 4 2 300 203 73
a iiginiiictanacawaiin 3 4 32 76 32 19 5
ERS er oe 3 1 2 355 97 128 17
Fai andiccadcesecataes 2 ll 2B 165 180 60 2
Pe ttktccdtntcmncaseen Gem “S2- £@aciiciancs 8 15 223 179 61 +t
BE ixtadscquendtcnnanswtus 8 4 89 27 166 45 23
TE tiitdniddawaseedeen | °! AMM | aa 15 35 21 137 51 35
PRG ct cwseksninnenacdin’ 10 18 6 176 1% “a 84
Wa iiese dncncsencesecnestes 1 2 2% 93 123 45 1
etsticniedckeamedaen | eM - |. Wiebe es oe 2 2 35 39 ll 1
NG iiainniemanindedcibinniet 10 25 40 296 46 100 57
WU inkkSacndacdaheehankanenk, .. “GieinGeidedednnstaiinedtbihe decide ce 14 23 BR o4 41 6
i invicddcccntibetses 4 8 189 646 281 157 45
Ts tajcanacanaekaiiediels ~<A II rg a i 2 15 Ge Evccnsacacasahousiedictuiied
i steciintesscukiabinanniunk 60 52 62 u“ 9
UTAH
Sits keene tascorsenid 15
Sa ee 710
Wii wtchtnieeiieadsedes | WeiMiiniidsnnteibpccinasceal’ * « .) Giese 23
eR cite cinienccsud ee a 7
VIRGINIA
il ciaiissabiies eatedoiiianed 5 3 5
Se 5 7 18
ING daivtnacndeaioianats y 14 54
iaiabicthciasedenendion 66 222 2,001
a gatdnssncidqietessccd 2 3 2
| Serer 22 67 526
Prince George. .........-....-- 4 2 9
PR isiscchicécntdccedsnows 3 5 35
Mba pdbcakndincdantindenise 2) 4 9
5
Table 61.—Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1970, Suburban Counties—Continued
Criminal homicide Larceny—theft
Total Agera- | Burglary—
County by State Crime Murder Man- Forcible Robbery vated breaking
Index and non- | slaughter rape assault or $50 and
negligent by over
man- negligence
slaughter
WASHINGTON
SBSeBan
es8akBeSesaS
23
10
167 339 637 | 2, 006
|
1 Does not include auto theft offenses reported by California Highway Patrol.
2 Includes crime from both sheriff and county police.
§ Fiscal year figures.
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE:1971 O-——439-758
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